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Nine tomato cultivars for fresh consumption and processing were evaluated for fruit quality at the Fruit Research Station Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The height of the fruits was between 46.7 mm (Red River) and 59.8 mm (Chico Grande), the diameter of the fruits oscillated between 48.0 mm (Event) and 72.4 mm (Natalia) and the form of the fruits was different from one variety to another: spherical for Indiana, high spherical for Chico Grande, Event, Jet, Montego and Line Cluj 8-2002, flattened spherical for Perla Clujului, Natalia and Red River. All the cultivars had fruits with firm flesh; the best firmness was represented by Chico Grande, Event and Line Cluj 8-2002, all these having been prescript as potential genitors for creation of the new varieties with a good firmness of the fruits. It was identified a strong correlation between the shape index and the firmness of the fruits (r = 0.784), which demonstrated that the high-spherical fruits had a more firm flesh than the flattened ones. The dry matter content of the fruits oscillated between 5.26% for Indiana and 8.25% for Natalia, these two varieties also providing the extreme limits for the sugar content: 4.58% (Indiana) and 6.25% (Natalia). The Mature Fruit Yield (MFY) was correlated in a strong and positive way to the dry matter content of the fruits and with their vitamin C content. Between the Total Fruit Yield (TFY) and the dry matter content of the fruits there was a positive correlation (r = 0.843). The weight of the fruits was significantly correlated to all the chemical traits of the fruits (the content of dry matter, ascorbic acid, sugar and titrable acids). The varieties obtained at Cluj-Napoca, Natalia and Perla Clujului, with fruits rich in sugar and in vitamin C were recommended as genitors in tomato breeding in order to create new cultivars with fruits proper for processing on a high level.

Nine tomato varieties, hybrids F1 and selection (Perla Clujului, Natalia, Chico Grande, Indiana, Red River, Event, Jet, Montego, Cluj 8-2002) have been tested for their yield characteristics and compared in order to experiment and control, at Fruit Research Station Cluj-Napoca (FRS Cluj-Napoca), Romania. All the cultivars presented a low height of the plants and a low number of sprouts, respectively multi-stage fruiting, which makes them fit for industrial exploitation. Of all the analysed cultivars, Chico Grande, Event, Jet, Montego and Line Cluj 8-2002 had the required characteristics, all expressed on a high level, which makes them possible genitors for future breeding programmes. The Early Fruit Yield (EFY), at least for the conditions from Central Transylvania, was quite high in all the cultivars. Besides the Chico Grande variety, early high productions were obtained from hybrid Jet, Line Cluj 8-2002, Red River and Natalia. The Total Fruit Yield oscillated between 58.0 tons per hectare (Indiana) and 63.0 tons per hectare (Natalia). Besides Natalia, high productions were also obtained from the other varieties created at Cluj-Napoca such as: Perla Clujului and Line Cluj 8-2002 (both of them had a production of 60.8 tons per hectare). Between Total Fruit Yield and Mature Fruit Yield there was registered a strong correlation, the two types of production increase and decrease together, all the time, both in the same direction. There is also a significant positive correlation between the Total Fruit Yield and the weight of the fruit.

The phenotypic effect and the mutations frequency very much depend on the genetic background in which they produce and become manifest, as well as on the gene nature or the genetic material upon which the inductive agent drives. There were taken under study two Vicia faba L. genotypes. There were applied mutagen treatments with gamma rays in seven doses, both at dry seeds and wet seeds. The observations were carried out on three generations. The following features were tracked down: the plant height, the number of fertile pods/plant, the number of sterile pods/plant and the seed weight/plant. In the present paper the data obtained in the M3 generation are displayed. The study has revealed some negative effects, such as the increase of the number of sterile pods, but at the same time some favorable changes. Hence, statistically insured differences were obtained for the plant height, the number of seeds/plant or their weight. The positive values were recorded at the level DL 50 %. One can notice the differentiated reaction of the two genotypes at the dose of the mutagen agent and the different reaction to the type of the treatment applied (at dry or wet seeds).

The valuable characteristics of red clover (productivity, resistance to biotic and non-biotic factors, as well as quality) depend on a series of morphological and physiological traits, which, in turn, are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of our research, carried out at Cluj-Napoca, was to study the variability of the morphological and physiological traits of 45 diploid red clover cultivars, as well as their impact on productivity and the quality of the forage. In the breeding programmes carry out at Cluj-Napoca, in order to improve the morphological traits responsible for green matter yields, recommend that cultivars from Central and Western Europe should be used (subvar. intermedium). Were noticed, within this subvariety, the cultivars originating from Switzerland (Renova, Ruttinova), because of their increased earliness and good after-cut regeneration capacity. The late North-European cultivars (var. serotinum) are valuable for increasing the leaf percentage and cold resistance. It was noticed that cold resistance is a characteristic of this variety and that there is no obvious variability among the cultivars from that area. The cultivars with very good resistance to mildew powder were those from southern Europe (subvar. praecox); this characteristic is one of the most important goals of the breeding programmes in the origin area, given the specific climatic conditions (increased soil and air drought).

Several traits of growth on greenhouse carnation were analysed at seven varieties, growing both in vivo and in vitro. In vitro culture, proliferation and root formation were more intense in Pink Sol, Caribe and Tanga than in Pink Sim, Obor and Domingo cultivars. The highest intervarietal variability, under in vivo conditions, was recorded for the number of flowers per plant and number of petals per flower, while in vitro all analysed characters showed an extremely large span of variability values (s% = 26.5 - 109.1). The heritability in broad sense showed high values for the analysed characters, both in vivo (H2 = 0.548 - 0.992) and in vitro (H2 = 0.688 -0.953) conditions. There has been noted a tight positive and negative correlation among a lot of the traits of plants, both in vivo and in vitro. Correlations among the desirable traits can be used as selection indices, in carnation breeding.

In eight hybrid combinations in which one of the parents (either maternal of paternal) was cv. Pink Traminer (Gewurztraminer), 2.284 F1 individuals have been analyzed concerning the maturity of grapes. Obvious differences were noted among different combinations and within the same combination, depending on whether Pink Traminer had been used as a maternal or paternal genitor. These data suggest a possible maternal effect on the analyzed characteristic. Grape maturity seemed to be polygenicall inherited, heritability (in broad sense) showing high values while the one in narrow sense small and very small values, suggesting that additivity is not playing the most important role in the inheritance of this character in grapes.

The architectural ideotype - type of growing - was studied in a topcross experiment with five hybrid combinations in which Cluj 72-2-100 selection, typical spur, was used as a maternal tester. The analyzed seedlings were at the end of their sixth year of vegetation. There were no significant differences among the five hybrid combinations concerning the distributions of F1 seedling in the four accepted ideotypes (columnar, spur, standard, and weeping). A high variability was found for ideotype (between 18.8% in Cluj 72-2-100 x Napoca and 34.4% in Cluj 72-2-100 x Red Bartlett). The participation rate of genotype in the phenotypic manifestation of this character is relatively low. The coefficient of heritability in broad sense was 0.29 and the coefficient of heritability in narrow sense was very low, 0.001.

Vicia faba L. is an annual plant useful both in man's and animal's nutrition. Horsebean seeds are rich in protein thus being an excellent source of lysine. One major drawback with these is the presence of vicins, co-vicins and tannins in the seed cover. Researches were carried out at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca and focused upon certain cytogenetically aspects; also, on the biology of flowering and vegetation period.