1. Low Ozone Concentrations Differentially Affect the Structural and Functional Features of Non-Activated and Activated Fibroblasts In Vitro
- Author
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Osvaldo Angelini, Mirco Galiè, Barbara Cisterna, Maria Assunta Lacavalla, Gabriele Tabaracci, Manuela Costanzo, and Manuela Malatesta
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Cell type ,cell surface protrusions ,QH301-705.5 ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Cell ,macromolecular substances ,fluorescence microscopy ,Catalysis ,Article ,oxygen–ozone therapy ,Cell Line ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Oxidants, Photochemical ,Ozone ,Western blot ,Transforming Growth Factor beta ,nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) ,medicine ,Humans ,Secretion ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Biology (General) ,Molecular Biology ,QD1-999 ,Spectroscopy ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,Interleukin-6 ,Organic Chemistry ,transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 ,General Medicine ,Fibroblasts ,In vitro ,Computer Science Applications ,Cell biology ,heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1) gene ,Oxidative Stress ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,cell proliferation ,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) ,Homeostasis ,scanning electron microscopy ,Heme Oxygenase-1 - Abstract
Oxygen–ozone (O2–O3) therapy is increasingly applied as a complementary/adjuvant treatment for several diseases, however, the biological mechanisms accounting for the efficacy of low O3 concentrations need further investigations to understand the possibly multiple effects on the different cell types. In this work, we focused our attention on fibroblasts as ubiquitous connective cells playing roles in the body architecture, in the homeostasis of tissue-resident cells, and in many physiological and pathological processes. Using an established human fibroblast cell line as an in vitro model, we adopted a multimodal approach to explore a panel of cell structural and functional features, combining light and electron microscopy, Western blot analysis, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex assays for cytokines. The administration of O2–O3 gas mixtures induced multiple effects on fibroblasts, depending on their activation state: in non-activated fibroblasts, O3 stimulated proliferation, formation of cell surface protrusions, antioxidant response, and IL-6 and TGF-β1 secretion, while in LPS-activated fibroblasts, O3 stimulated only antioxidant response and cytokines secretion. Therefore, the low O3 concentrations used in this study induced activation-like responses in non-activated fibroblasts, whereas in already activated fibroblasts, the cell protective capability was potentiated.
- Published
- 2021