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In this study, we examined the novel, Satyricon which was written between 60-66 AD. by Petronius (Arbiter) Niger, who was responsible for the arrangement of the feasts of Emperor Nero. The section titled Cena Trimalchionis between 26-78. paragraphs, which describes an extremely ostentatious and extravagant dinner was also examined in the context of the socio-political realities of the period and the implicit criticism of the author. As the author's name mentioned in an unsuccessful assassination attempt against the emperor he was forced to commite suicide in the year of 66 AD., so the work is considered to have been written and completed at the latest in this year, but the date of publication is unclear. Only 146 paragraphs and some fragments of the novel have reached today, different opinions can be put forward about the length of the whole, but none of these ideas can be considered completely correct due to disconnection and deficiencies. In the 52-paragraph section called Cena Trimalchionis, a dinner with the main characters of the novel is also included, in this narrative, the presentations are showy, the dishes are exaggerated, the characters are ignorant and unappealing. Considering that the main characters get bored of the said dinner and try to escape, it is understood that the main subject of the novel is not based on food and taste. Nevertheless, the creation of an important character like Trimalchio and the introduction of food through this character gives the impression that the author prefers a narrative-intimate narrative with food. As a result of this study, it was understood that Petronius was written in order to criticize the unexamined palate tastes of Cena Trimalchionis of the period afterwards, and in the text, analogies and contrasts were used, and the real and surreal world perceptions were compared through the novel.

Submitted by Rebecca Miriã Ribeiro Martins (rebecca_martins94@hotmail.com) on 2019-08-31T13:44:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Rebecca Martins - 2019.pdf: 1244735 bytes, checksum: c1cd645095f001b62e557f91996b58b4 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Vivian Letícia Duarte Parisi (vivian.parisi@unesp.br) on 2019-09-02T17:43:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mantins_rmr_me_sjrp.pdf: 1244735 bytes, checksum: c1cd645095f001b62e557f91996b58b4 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-02T17:43:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mantins_rmr_me_sjrp.pdf: 1244735 bytes, checksum: c1cd645095f001b62e557f91996b58b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-05-27 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Este trabalho teve como objeto de pesquisa uma obra da literatura latina, o Satíricon, de Petrônio. Dela, sob o viés da amizade, foi analisada, a dupla formada pelo protagonista Encólpio e seu inseparável (ou quase) amigo Gitão. O conceito de amizade foi estudado, por um lado, com base em Ética a Nicômaco, de Aristóteles, que faz uma valoração do conceito de philia, e De amicitia, obra na qual Cícero propõe parâmetros morais e éticos que deveriam estar presentes em uma relação entre amigos e, por outro, em obras nossas contemporâneas, como Genealogias da amizade, de Ortega (2002), e A amizade no mundo clássico, de Konstan (2005). Com base nessas, foi possível identificar e analisar, no Satíricon, o traço da amizade que se desenvolve na dupla composta por Encólpio e Gitão, sobretudo no sentido de tecer uma discussão a respeito do que leva as duas personagens a se relacionarem e atuarem juntas e os efeitos desse mesmo relacionamento para a construção desse romance antigo romano. This study focused on a Latin literary work, the led Satyricon, by Petronius. The friendship relation between Encolpius and Giton. The friendship concept was studied recurring to on the Nichomachean Ethics, by Aristotle, which considers the value of the philia concept, and on De Amicitia, work in which Cicero purposes ethics and moral parameters that should be present in a friendship. Contemporary studies, such as Genealogias da amizade, by Ortega Guerrero (2002), and Friendship in the Classical World, by Konstan (2005), were also used. It was possible to identify and analyze the friendship trace developed between Encolpius and Giton, mainly in the sense of approaching a discussion about what leads both characters to be and act together and the effects of this same relation for the construction of this ancient Roman novel.

Este trabajo analiza el fenómeno intertextual de la ?cita? en Petronio, Sat. 118, donde el poeta de la obra, Eumolpo, expone su particular ?ars poetica?. En este discurso, Eumolpo cita los nombres de Homero, Virgilio y Horacio, al tiempo que cita el primer verso de la Oda 3.1 del Venusino, lo que evidencia que el poetastro tiene muy en cuenta la figura horaciana. El análisis de las citas en este pasaje se relaciona con que Petronio es un autor que alude constantemente, pero que cita muy rara vez, por lo que, cuando lo hace, se debe prestar mucha atención This paper surveys the intertextual phenomenon of `quotation' in Petronius, Sat. 118, where the poet, Eumolpus, sets out his particular 'ars poetica'. In this speech, Eumolpus quotes the names of Homer, Virgil and Horace, along with Horace?s Carm. 3.1.1, which demonstrates that the poetaster bears in mind the Venusian author. The survey of the quotations in this passage is related to the fact that Petronius is an author who constantly alludes but rarely quotes, so that when he does it, the reader should pay close attention

Die Satyrica des Petronius haben wegen ihrer einerseits von Dekadenz, Provokationen, sexualisierter Symbolik und skurrilen Charakteren geprägten Handlung, sowie andererseits aufgrund ihrer künstlerisch höchst anspruchsvollen Verwobenheit der Attribute einer Vielzahl literarischer Gattungen bis heute die unterschiedlichsten Bewertungen hervorgerufen. Von der älteren Forschung wird der Text als "vollkommen amoralisches Sittenbild" abgewertet, von jüngeren wissenschaftlichen Publikationen als "literarische Kostbarkeit" und "Unikum der römischen Literatur" gelobt. Die vorliegende Dissertation setzt sich mit dem prägnantesten Charakteristikum des Werkes auseinander, der ominpräsenten Darstellung von Sexualität Gender und betrachtet, inwiefern Petron sich auf literarische und künstlerische Vorgänger bezieht. Mit diesem Forschungsanliegen lässt sich meine Dissertation einem neuen, noch jungen Zweig der Petron-Forschung zuordnen, der sich bislang nur auf die Publikation von Aufsätzen sowie auf kürzere, erläuternde Abschnitte in Monographien, die entweder die Satyrica selbst oder die Gattung des griechischen Liebesromans zum Gegenstand haben, bezieht. Momentan gibt es keine Monografie, die sich auf breiter Quellenbasis und mit einem literaturhistorischen Fokus mit dem unkonventionellen, da zuweilen enttabuisierenden Umgang Petrons mit den Themen Sexualität und Gender auseinandersetzt. Dieser Umstand ist angesichts des sonst so breit gefächerten wissenschaftlichen Interesses der Forschung an den Satyrica, das von gattungstypologischen Definitionsversuchen, hermeneutischen Erörterungen, Erschließungen der schriftstellerischen Intention Petrons bis hin zu Interpretationen der Figurenzeichnung reicht, verwunderlich. Ebenso wenig ist die Existenz dieser Forschungslücke nachvollziehbar, wenn man bedenkt, wie viele wissenschaftliche Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet der antiken Genderstudies nach dem Erscheinen der Arbeiten von Michel Foucault sowie Kenneth J. Dover veröffentlicht wurden, deren Schriften – Sexualität und Wahrheit und Greek Homosexuality – für die antike Sexualitätsforschung wegweisend waren. Vor diesem wissenschaftlichen Hintergrund sucht die vorliegende Doktorarbeit die eben skizzierte Forschungslücke zu schließen, indem sie drei Ziele verfolgt: a) Eine literaturhistorische Analyse der prosaischen, lyrischen und künstlerischen Vorbilder Petrons im Hinblick auf seine Konzeption von Geschlechterrollen und Sexualität in den Satyrica. b) Die Untersuchung der innovativen Adaption und Betrachtung der genrespezifischen, allgemein-literarischen und zeitgenössischen Diskurse über Gender und Sexualität durch Petron als Verfasser der Satyrica c) Die Erforschung der schriftstellerischen Intention Petrons in Bezug auf seinen ungewöhnlichen Umgang mit den Themen Gender und Sexualität Neben dem Gebiet der Petron-Forschung, berührt die Monografie damit die Fachrichtungen der antiken Genderstudies und trägt des Weiteren zur Erforschung einer Nische der antiken Kultur- und Literaturgeschichte bei.

The connection between the themes of money and death is widespread in Petronius' Satyricon, and is definitely not limited to the Cena Trimalchionis, where it has been widely examined. The aim of my paper is to consider the peculiar form that the motif takes in the Crotonian section of Petronius' Satyricon, and its connections with the mythical memory of the Procne and Philomela story. The theme of corpses dismemberment appears at the end of the episode of the shipwreck, the one immediately preceding the Crotonian section, through Encolpius' reflections on the sepultura practice and the destiny of human bodies after our death (Petronius, Satyricon 115, 6-19); the same theme closes the introductory speech of the farmer on the city of Croton (Sat.116, 9: Adibitis, inquit, oppidum tanquam in pestilentia campos, in quibus nihil aliud est nisi cadavera quae lacerantur aut corvi qui lacerant). The connection between 'eating' heritages and eating human bodies is made explicit in the final paragraphs of the extant text of the novel (Sat. 140 and 141), not only through Eumolpus' testament dispositions, but also through a net of symbols identifying man (or, more precisely, his objectified body) with his patrimony, including the bait metaphor in Sat. 140, 15, and the suggestion to the aspiring cannibal heredipeta in Sat. 141, 7: Operi modo oculos, et finge te non humana viscera, sed centies sestertium comesse. In this net of narrative and symbolic elements, a significant role is played by the allusion to the mythological figure of Philomela through the character of the greedy matrona who offers her children to the sexual desire of Eumolpus. In paragraph 140 of the Satyricon, the language used to describe the woman and her acts seems to allude to the mythical background of the Procne and Philomela legend (especially to the narrative in the sixth book of Ovid’s Metamorphoses), but paradoxically, in the petronian novel, it is the flesh of the sexually greedy Eumolpus which should eventually be eaten – together with his (imaginary) substances – by Philomela's children and the other Crotonian heredipetae.

L’auteur du Satyricon connaissait bien la correspondance de Pline le Jeune. Il y a puisé un certain nombre de thèmes ou de situations caractéristiques de la vie intellectuelle du début du second siècle ainsi que de la condition des affranchis. Ces parallèles fournissent un argument sûr pour refuser l’identification de l’auteur du Satyricon avec le consulaire Petronius mentionné par Tacite. Ils établissent que le roman a été écrit après l’année 107 et peut-être après 111, très probablement au début du second siècle. Ils confirment enfin de manière éclatante la thèse qui voit en Encolpius, l’affranchi de Pline le Jeune, l’auteur du Satyricon. The author of the Satyricon did actually know Pliny the Younger’s correspondence. He drew from it a certain number of themes or characteristics of the intellectual life, also of the condition of the freed slaves at the beginning of the second century. Those parallels provide a safe argument against identifying the author of the Satyricon with the consular Petronius mentioned by Tacitus. They establish that the novel was written after the year 107 and perhaps after 111, very likely at the beginning of the second century. Lastly they strikingly confirm the assumption that sees in Encolpius, Pliny the Younger’s freed man, the author of the Satyricon.

A commentary on six of the poems attributed to Petronius preserved in the "Anthologia Latina": AL 471, 474, 478, 470, 692 Riese.