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4 results on '"Vincent Munster"'

1. Development and Clinical Performance of InteliSwab® COVID-19 Rapid Test: Evaluation of Antigen Test for the Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and Analytical Sensitivity to Detect Variants of Concern Including Omicron and Subvariants

Author

Mark J. Fischl, Janean Young, Keith Kardos, Michele Roehler, Tiffany Miller, Melinda Wooten, Natalie Holmes, Nicole Gula, Mia Baglivo, Justin Steen, Nori Zelenz, Antony George Joyee, Vincent Munster, Zack Weishampel, Claude Kwe Yinda, Kevin G. Rouse, Cathy Gvozden, David Wever, Giralt Yanez, Marc Anderson, Song Yu, Brian Bearie, Stephen Young, and Jody D. Berry

Subjects
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, rapid antigen test, diagnosis, Omicron, variants of concern, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Background and objectives: Timely detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection with subsequent contact tracing and rapid isolation are considered critical to containing the pandemic, which continues with the emergence of new variants. Hence, there is an ongoing need for reliable point-of-care antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT). This report describes the development, evaluation, and analytical sensitivity of the diagnostic performance of the InteliSwab® COVID-19 Rapid Test. Methods: Samples from 165 symptomatic subjects were tested with InteliSwab® and the results were compared to RT-PCR to determine the antigen test performance. The analytical sensitivity of InteliSwab® for the detection of different variants was assessed by limit of detection (LOD) determination using recombinant nucleocapsid proteins (NPs) and testing with virus isolates. Western immunoblot independently confirmed that each monoclonal Ab is capable of binding to all variants tested thus far. Results: The overall positivity rate by RT-PCR was 37% for the 165 symptomatic subjects. Based on RT-PCR results as the reference standard, InteliSwab® showed clinical sensitivity and specificity of 85.2% (95% CI, 74.3–92.0%) and 98.1% (95% CI, 93.3–99.7%), respectively. The overall agreement was 93.3% (Kappa index value 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77–0.74) between RT-PCR and InteliSwab® test results. Furthermore, the evaluation of analytical sensitivity for different SARS-CoV-2 variants by InteliSwab® was comparable in the detection of all the variants tested, including Omicron subvariants, BA.4, BA.5, and BQ.1. Conclusions: Due to the surge of infections caused by different variants from time to time, there is a critical need to evaluate the sensitivity of rapid antigen-detecting tests for new variants. The study findings showed the robust diagnostic performance of InteliSwab® and analytical sensitivity in detecting different SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the Omicron subvariants. With the integrated swab and excellent sensitivity and variant detection, this test has high potential as a point-of-care Ag-RDT in various settings when molecular assays are in limited supply and rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is necessary.

Published
2023
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2. Defining the Syrian hamster as a highly susceptible preclinical model for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Kyle Rosenke, Kimberly Meade-White, Michael Letko, Chad Clancy, Frederick Hansen, Yanan Liu, Atsushi Okumura, Tsing-Lee Tang-Huau, Rong Li, Greg Saturday, Friederike Feldmann, Dana Scott, Zhongde Wang, Vincent Munster, Michael A. Jarvis, and Heinz Feldmann

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, hamster, infection model, susceptible, pneumonia, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

ABSTRACTFollowing emergence in late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 rapidly became pandemic and is presently responsible for millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. There is currently no approved vaccine to halt the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and only very few treatment options are available to manage COVID-19 patients. For development of preclinical countermeasures, reliable and well-characterized small animal disease models will be of paramount importance. Here we show that intranasal inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 into Syrian hamsters consistently caused moderate broncho-interstitial pneumonia, with high viral lung loads and extensive virus shedding, but animals only displayed transient mild disease. We determined the infectious dose 50 to be only five infectious particles, making the Syrian hamster a highly susceptible model for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neither hamster age nor sex had any impact on the severity of disease or course of infection. Finally, prolonged viral persistence in interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain knockout hamsters revealed susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 to adaptive immune control. In conclusion, the Syrian hamster is highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 making it a very suitable infection model for COVID-19 countermeasure development.

Published
2020
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3. Histologic pulmonary lesions of SARS-CoV-2 in 4 nonhuman primate species: An institutional comparative review

Author

Chad S. Clancy, Carl Shaia, Vincent Munster, Emmie de Wit, David Hawman, Atsushi Okumura, Heinz Feldmann, Greg Saturday, and Dana Scott

Subjects
General Veterinary, SARS-CoV-2, viruses, Chlorocebus aethiops, Animals, COVID-19, Lung, Macaca mulatta, Pandemics
Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an emergent, amphixenotic infection that resulted in a pandemic declaration in March 2020. A rapid search for appropriate animal models of this newly emergent viral respiratory disease focused initially on traditional nonhuman primate research species. Nonhuman primate models have previously been shown to be valuable in evaluation of emerging respiratory coronaviruses with pandemic potential (ie, SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus). In this article, we review the pulmonary histopathologic characteristics and immunohistochemical evaluation of experimental SARS-CoV-2 infection in the rhesus macaque, pigtail macaque, African green monkey, and squirrel monkey. Our results indicate that all evaluated nonhuman primate species developed variably severe histopathologic changes typical of coronavirus respiratory disease characterized by interstitial pneumonia with or without syncytial cell formation, alveolar fibrin, and pulmonary edema that progressed to type II pneumocyte hyperplasia. Lesion distribution was multifocal, frequently subpleural, and often more severe in lower lung lobes. However, squirrel monkeys showed the least severe and least consistent lesions of the evaluated nonhuman primates. Additionally, our results highlight the disparate physical relationship between viral antigen and foci of pulmonary lesions. While classic respiratory coronaviral lesions were observed in the lungs of all nonhuman primates evaluated, none of the primates exhibited severe lesions or evidence of diffuse alveolar damage and therefore are unlikely to represent the severe form of SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in fatal human cases.

Published
2021
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4. An early warning system for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants

Author

Lorenzo Subissi, Anne von Gottberg, Lipi Thukral, Nathalie Worp, Bas B. Oude Munnink, Surabhi Rathore, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Ximena Aguilera, Erik Alm, Brett N. Archer, Homa Attar Cohen, Amal Barakat, Wendy S. Barclay, Jinal N. Bhiman, Leon Caly, Meera Chand, Mark Chen, Ann Cullinane, Tulio de Oliveira, Christian Drosten, Julian Druce, Paul Effler, Ihab El Masry, Adama Faye, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Elodie Ghedin, Rebecca Grant, Bart L. Haagmans, Belinda L. Herring, Shilpa S. Iyer, Zyleen Kassamali, Manish Kakkar, Rebecca J. Kondor, Juliana A. Leite, Yee-Sin Leo, Gabriel M. Leung, Marco Marklewitz, Sikhulile Moyo, Jairo Mendez-Rico, Nada M. Melhem, Vincent Munster, Karen Nahapetyan, Djin-Ye Oh, Boris I. Pavlin, Thomas P. Peacock, Malik Peiris, Zhibin Peng, Leo L. M. Poon, Andrew Rambaut, Jilian Sacks, Yinzhong Shen, Marilda M. Siqueira, Sofonias K. Tessema, Erik M. Volz, Volker Thiel, Sylvie van der Werf, Sylvie Briand, Mark D. Perkins, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Anurag Agrawal, World Health Organisation (WHO), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg] (NICD), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], Universidad del Desarollo [Santiago, Chile] (UDD), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [Stockholm, Sweden] (ECDC), WHO - Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean [Cairo, Egypt] (EMRO), Imperial College London, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory [Melbourne, Australia] (VIDRL), UK Health Security Agency [London] (UKHSA), World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), Stellenbosch University, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], German Center for Infection Research, Partnersite Munich (DZIF), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), World Health Organization [Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo] (WHO-DRC), United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, University of Edinburgh, Fudan University [Shanghai], Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Institute [Rio de Janeiro] (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Pretoria, South Africa] (CDC-South Africa), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), University of Bern, Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Ashoka University, We acknowledge scientists, public health professionals and Ministries of Health across the world for early generation and sharing of data on SARS-CoV-2 variants., and Virology

Subjects
630 Agriculture, SARS-CoV-2, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], COVID-19, Humans, General Medicine, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022
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