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Angiotensin converting enzyme was measured in the serum of 52 patients with sarcoidosis, 67 healthy control subjects and 64 patients with pulmonary and non-pulmonary diseases. The patients with sarcoidosis were classified on clinical grounds as having active or inactive disease. In 26 patients with active sarcoidosis not taking corticosteroids the mean serum ACE was significantly higher than in normal controls (P less than 0 . 001). 73% of these patients had elevated serum ACE. Only two out of 12 (17%) patients with inactive sarcoidosis not taking corticosteroids had elevated serum ACE. Serum ACE was normal in patients taking oral corticosteroids for longer than two weeks. Eighty per cent of patients with active sarcoidosis with radiological evidence of pulmonary parenchymal involvement had an elevated serum ACE compared to 25% in patients with normal chest X-rays and 60% of those with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. All sarcoid patients with hypercalcaemia had elevated serum ACE whereas only half of those with normal serum calcium had elevated ACE. In the patients with other thoracic and granulomatous conditions serum ACE was normal or rarely marginally elevated. Serum ACE appears to be of value in the diagnosis of active sarcoidosis.

81 patients, 24 with sarcoidosis and the remainder with various other diseases, were tested with three batches of Kveim material prepared from the same spleen. Positive Kveim tests were observed in sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, Hodgkin's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Weber-Christian disease. These results show that a positive Kveim reaction to the material under test was not specific to sarcoidosis.