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Your search keyword '"Acosta-Rangel, Aleyda"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Acosta-Rangel, Aleyda" Topic salinity
2 results on '"Acosta-Rangel, Aleyda"'

1. Environmental Stress in Avocado (Persea americana Mill.): Flowering and Physiology

Author

Acosta Rangel, Aleyda Maritza

Subjects
Plant sciences, Agriculture, Molecular biology, Abiotic stress, Avocado, Floral gene expression, Flowering, Salinity, Water-use efficiency
Abstract

The challenge to produce more food under sustainable agricultural practices is to develop more efficient systems in the use of natural resources, avoiding agrochemical contamination, and prediction of yield under a changing environment. This dissertation has focused on providing information of the physiological and floral gene expression behavior of avocado trees under different environmental conditions building upon three different chapters: (1) the identification of water-use efficient avocado varieties using leaf carbon isotopic composition (δ 13C), (2) the analysis of the physiological behavior of salinity-tolerant avocado rootstocks, and (3) the analysis of the effects of temperature, soil moisture, and light intensity on the temporal pattern of floral gene expression and floral intensity in avocado. In the first chapter, we found carbon isotope composition measurements to be useful for identifying water-use efficient plants. In the second chapter, the relationship between the physiological performance, health and productivity of avocado exposed to a salinity treatment is described. Low photosynthetic rate and canopy damage describe the effect of salinity on avocado yield. In the third chapter, we successfully identified the gene expression profile of putative floral genes when avocado flowering is promoted by low temperature. The results from the floral gene expression analysis in avocado suggest that the significantly greater bud expression levels of LFY and AP1/FUL promoted by low temperature were sufficient to confer bud determination, since transferring the trees from low to warm temperatures did not prevent flowering. Overall, the first two chapters successfully allowed the identification of trees or cultivars that are saline tolerant or water-use efficient while the gene expression analysis showed how the expression of putative floral genes are coordinated with bud determination, suggesting a role during the reproductive development in P. americana.

Published
2018

2. The physiological response of 'Hass' avocado to salinity as influenced by rootstock.

Author

Acosta-Rangel, Aleyda M., Li, Rui, Celis, Nydia, Suarez, Donald L., Santiago, Louis S., Arpaia, Mary Lu, and Mauk, Peggy A.

Subjects
*AVOCADO, *SALINITY, *ROOTSTOCKS, *COMPOSITION of leaves, *WATER supply, *DRINKING water
Abstract

• Salinity reduces carbon uptake in avocado contributing with mortality and yield losses. • Salinity change the isotopic composition in avocado leaves. • The performance of the avocado rootstocks was similar under salinity conditions. With increasing demands on both potable and agricultural water supplies, drought, and extreme temperatures worldwide, agricultural production is challenged with reduced water availability and lower water quality. Salinity, which is associated with low water quality is a critical issue for California avocado growers and, coupled with avocado root rot, threatens the long-term sustainability of the industry since avocados (Persea americana Mill.) are known to be extremely salt sensitive. Salt tolerance of the 'Hass' variety, the most commonly grown scion in California, is influenced by rootstock. We investigated 'Hass' scions grafted onto three different avocado rootstocks under control (irrigation using water with EC = 0.65 dS/m) and salinity (irrigation using water with EC = 1.5 dS/m) conditions. Results indicated that, compared to control conditions, the irrigation of avocado trees using water with EC = 1.5 dS/m increased canopy damage by 44%, reduced survival by half of the trees tested, and caused yield losses of more than 63%. Avocado leaves visibly damaged by the salinity treatment (named as partially burned or PB leaves) experienced photoinhibition, and reduction of photosynthetic rate and water-use efficiency, suggesting that the poor performance in carbon assimilation contributed to reductions in yield and increases in mortality. The salinity treatment did not cause water stress and the poor performance of treated trees was attributable to chloride accumulation previously reported. Leaf carbon isotopic composition was affected in trees under salinity treatment by increasing the values of δ13C however, this affect was nor correlated with water-use efficiency. Overall, 'R0.05', 'PP40' and 'Dusa' performed similarly and, considering the conditions of the experiment and the intrinsic susceptibility of avocado trees to salinity, were superior to all other rootstocks tested. Future screenings for salinity tolerant rootstocks are required to improve yield when poor quality soil or water is used. Overall, our results showed a coordination between the physiological performance, health and productivity of the 'Hass' scion and how these parameters were negatively affected by salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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