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Background: The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had increased globally over the past decades. Previous studies found that transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib had also shown efficacy in the unresectable HCC. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TACE combined with lenvatinib and camrelizumab to treat unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (>5 cm). Materials and methods: Between November 2018 and June 2021, we retrospectively recruited 82 patients with unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (BCLC stage B or C with a single nodular diameter of >5 cm). Of the patients who had not previously been treated, 33 patients received TACE + lenvatinib + camrelizumab (group A, TLC), and 49 patients treated with TACE + lenvatinib (group B, TLB) as the initial treatment. Related efficacy and safety results were recorded and assessed. Results: The median follow-up periods of groups A and B were 14.5 ± 7.9 months (range, 3-36) and 12.5 ± 8.2 months (range, 3-32), respectively (P = 0.799). The progression-free survival (PFS) of groups A and B was 9.4 months and 5.9 months (P < 0.01), respectively, and overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in group A (16.4 months vs 11.0 months, P < 0.01). In group A, the local response rate (LRR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 51.5% and 81.8%, respectively, which was higher than the corresponding 46.9% and 77.6% observed in group B (P = 0.233; 0.429). Patients with BCLC B stage had better PFS and OS (P < 0.05). The BCLC stage was an independent factor that affected PFS and OS. There were no massive bleeding or treatment-related deaths. Conclusions: In patients with unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (single nodular diameter of >5 cm), TACE combined with target therapy and immunotherapy is safe and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To further evaluate the efficacy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided iodine 125 (125I) brachytherapy to treat locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression of concurrent radiochemotherapy (CCRT). Methods: This study obtained written consent from all patients and was approved by our institution. From January 2006 to June 2018, 210 NSCLC patients (progression of first-line CCRT) were retrospectively recruited and then divided into two groups. A total of 116 patients were given CT-guided 125I brachytherapy and second-line chemotherapy (group A), and 94 were treated with second-line chemotherapy alone (group B). Results: In group A, local response rate (LRR) within 3 years was significantly better (P< 0.05). Mean survival time [progression-free survival time (PFST) and overall survival (OS)] was 15.1± 1.4 months and 21.2± 1.6 months in group A compared with 10.0± 1.4 months and 16.2± 1.7 months in group B (PFST: P< 0.01, HR=1.472, 95% CI 1.097– 1.975; OS: P = 0.036, HR=1.342, 95% CI 1.005– 1.791). Tumor size and No. of first cycle chemotherapy were independent factors that affected survival, ≤ 3cm largest tumor diameter and more than 4 first cycles of chemotherapy showed longer PFST and OS (P< 0.05). Tumor-related clinical symptoms were relieved in group A (P< 0.01). No serious complications occurred in the two groups. Conclusion: 125I brachytherapy is effective and safe in locally advanced NSCLC after progression of CCRT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 125I brachytherapy to treat bilateral lung recurrences from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection or ablation. Materials and methods: We retrospectively recruited 95 patients with bilateral lung recurrences from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection or ablation who had received 3–6-month sorafenib with or without stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), from October 2011 to January 2015; patients were then randomly divided into two groups, 44 patients received computed tomography (CT)-guided 125I brachytherapy (group A), and 51 patients were treated with supportive and symptomatic treatments (group B). Results: The median survival time was 19 months (range of 3–36 months). The local response rate (LRR) at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months in group A was 81.8%, 65.9%, 59.1%, 45.0%, 38.6%, 22.7%, 11.4%, respectively, and 64.7%, 47.1%, 33.3%, 25.4%, 15.7%, 11.7%, 7.8%, respectively, in group B (P < 0.05). The mean progression-free survival time (PFST) and overall survival (OS) of group A were significantly longer than those of group B. Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and tumor size were independent factors that affected the PFST and OS, normal AFP levels and less than 1-cm tumor diameter had better PFST and OS (P < 0.05). No massive bleeding or serious complications occurred. Conclusion: CT-guided 125I brachytherapy is safe and effective for the treatment of bilateral lung recurrences from HCC after resection or ablation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]