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Copyright of South Architecture / Nanfang Jianzhu is the property of South Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Taking China&'s industrial enterprises above a designated size at provincial level as study objects, this paper explores enterprise R&D efficiency in different regions of China's 31 mainland provinces over time with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). It further discusses the factors influencing R&D efficiency. This paper explains R&D efficiency from the three perspectives of comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. It is shown that although R&D efficiency displays rising trend, scale efficiency performs better than comprehensive and pure technical efficiency in China. The hot spots and cold spots of R&D efficiency change substantially in spatial distribution over time. Hot spots of comprehensive and pure technical efficiency migrated from Western China to coastal regions, demonstrating strong spatial dependence, whereas scale efficiency did not show a similar spatial distribution. Factors leading to variation in R&D efficiency across regions were studied. The significant factors for comprehensive, pure technical and scale efficiency were found to be different. These findings may be beneficial in planning regional development and effectively encouraging innovation at the regional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the comparative research on China's and Russia's understandings of regionalism, by analysing the two states' regional projects, the New Silk Road of China and the Eurasian Economic Union of Russia. It examines how Chinese and Russian ruling elites think of international cooperation in the context of their regional initiatives, and noting their rejection of the universalism of Western-made international norms. The author argues the different understanding of both countries on regionalism and distinct views on how international cooperation at the regional level should be arranged. It also discusses China's emphasizes on the flexibility and openness of its project and Russia's principles for universal and legally binding norms.

Northern foot of the Qinling Mountains (Xi'an Section) is a transitional section between the Qinling Mountains and Xi'an City, so it has great ecological significance. On the basis of sorting out landscape city, space structuring of the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was studied within the theoretical framework of landscape city, it was disclosed that northern foot of the Qinling Mountains was a significant ecological screen for the landscape city spatial pattern of Xi'an, and an important carrier for its "mountain, water and city" cultures. Then, five influence factors for the space structuring of the study area were given, and basic contents of the space structuring analyzed from five perspectives of spatial structure, spatial form, ecological environment, integration of regional spaces, historical and cultural context, so as to explore ecological conservation and moderate utilization of the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains from the perspective of space structuring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: It is widely recognized that the coordinated development between urban and rural areas can not only narrow gaps in infrastructure between urban and rural areas, promote balanced development in rural areas in terms of society, economy and environment, but is also an effective way to address issues facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In line with this, development of infrastructure projects has been an important means for promoting coordinated urban–rural development in developing countries (such as China). However, there is a lack of indicators that can be used to assess the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban–rural development. This paper thus attempts to present a set of critical indicators for evaluating the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban–rural development in the particular context of Chongqing, Western China. First, a list of optional indicators that are with potential for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban–rural development is presented based on examination on related project feasibility reports, official reports and literature. Then 42 indicators are identified from the optional list through a questionnaire survey. By using the data collected, the relative level of significance of each indicator is derived. Finally, an indicator system consisting of 19 critical indicators is established based on results of principle component analysis. The applicability and significance of the identified indicators for assessing the contribution of infrastructure projects to coordinated urban–rural development are discussed as well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Eco-economic regionalization (EER) is to divide an area into geographical zones. Each zone is linked to the others based on the eco-economic similarity and disparity. In this study, models of EER of the Chinese Loess Plateau were constructed. Data on 22 selected indicators were gathered for the 282 administrative counties. Then they were analyzed through an approach of PCA integrated with CA and GIS. In the generated model, the plateau was assigned to 4 belts and 18 eco-economic zones. The relationship among the subdivisions was able to represent the real situation. It demonstrates the division scheme is very comprehensive, concise and applicable. The work has established a novel methodological framework for EER of large-scale area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Purpose - The Chinese government has increasingly turned to industry policy as a means of promoting rural development. These industry policies have not necessarily led to an improvement in rural incomes nor to the achievement of other social and environmental goals. This paper examines ways of designing these policies to achieve better rural development outcomes. Design/methodology/approach - The approach adopts a detailed micro-level analysis of industry policy through the window of the cattle and beef industries. Intensive fieldwork and interviews are conducted with all segments of and participants in the industry in all major beef production and consumption regions. A series of normative analyses examines issues of integration, scale of development, regionalism and specialisation. Findings - Industry policy is a powerful mechanism by which to influence regional and rural development. Improving development outcomes requires that central and local government goals converge and that regions in inland China are well integrated with other regions and sectors of the economy. Large-scale development projects must be carefully designed to avoid displacing individual households from industry development. Originality/value - By crossing institutional, geographic and industry segment lines in a comprehensive manner, the research will aid Chinese decision makers concerned with rural development in the design of their industry development policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article demonstrates that local rural markets in China have retained many of the characteristics of the markets of traditional China despite their adaptation to the country's rapidly modernizing rural economy. The author expounds on the seminal work on marketing in rural China by G. William Skinner. It will be observed that marketing patterns in rural China diverge strongly from what Skinner's theory predicted would occur as the Chinese countryside modernizes.

This article focuses on rural development in China. With the deepening development of reform and openness, rural commodity production and circulation flourish more and more every day. While under the socialist market economy the peasants show the best of their abilities and get rich first, they also demand to be able to change their traditional way of life and production and go to urban areas to engage in economic activities. This demand for themselves and their family members to migrate to and register in urban places has become a big problem. Under these circumstances, Liaoning Province liberalized its migration registration policy, and, in a planned way and with certain preconditions, arranged the some peasants to migrate to and register in urban places, under the principles of local need, local benefit, local responsibility, and local validity. In order to make a distinction from the original urban registrations, a blue cover and a blue stamp were employed, hence the name registration with blue cover and blue stamp. Such blue registrations cannot be transferred at will between urban places, and therefore they are also called locally valid registrations.

• Identify the ecological sources by evaluating two indicators. • The effective measure to improve the structure and function of ecosystems. • Strengthen the material and energy flow between ecological sources. The construction of an ecological security pattern (ESP) is an effective measure to improve the structure and function of ecosystems, maintain ecosystem services, and ensure ecological security. Our focus is the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau in China, a typical county area where the extensive use of land has put tremendous pressure on the ecosystem and caused a series of ecological problems. Therefore, considering different targets for decision makers, we introduced hot spot analysis method to construct two plans of ESP based on local conditions and the proposed long-term optimization strategy of ESP. The results showed that the ecological source areas of plans A and B accounted for 31.47% and 43.26% of the ecological land, respectively, covering the core areas of most nature reserves, effectively validating the accuracy and feasibility of our method. Additionally, the total area of the optimized ecological source was 8.91% higher than that of the existing area, which expands the radiation range of ecological sources and enhances the internal connectivity. In order to form a regional functionalized and structured spatial structure layout system, the ecological framework of "two axes, four cores, six belts, and eight zones" was proposed according to the spatial distribution of the river corridors and important ecological landscape components. Overall, this study adds new insight into the methodology of ESP construction that can provide important references for regional development planning and ecological protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]