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The goal is to create medicinally beneficial chocolate that has no negative side effects. Carob (Ceratonia siliqua), a basic ingredient in many chocolate formulations, was substituted for cocoa since it requires a large amount of sugar in the formulation and includes caffeine, which stimulates the CNS. Carob is high in natural sweeteners, has no fat, caffeine, or oxalates, and is high in antioxidants, which assist to prevent a variety of ailments. Many traditional drug delivery systems are ineffective for paediatric patients because their developmental state and dosing requirements differ from those of other groups of people. Age-appropriate medicines require technological platforms to ensure patient acceptability while maintaining safety, efficacy, accessibility, and affordability. Recent methods and accomplishments in the field of age-appropriate drug delivery for paediatric patients are discussed, including patient-centric formulations, administration devices, and packaging solutions.

Because of the COVID 19 pandemic, we now utilise hand sanitizer in our daily lives. Hand hygiene has become a legal requirement. Infection control is becoming a requirement. Hand hygiene is widely regarded as the most practical and effective way of infection prevention. Hand sanitizer is thought to have played a significant role in reducing illness transmission to patients. Because it is more cost-effective and efficient. The efficiency of hand sanitizer is totally determined by how it is used. There are two sorts of hand sanitizers on the market. 1) Hand sanitizer with alcohol 2) Hand sanitizer that isn't alcohol-based. Most effective hand sanitizers contain 70 percent to 95 percent alcohol, which has the potential to denature microbial protein and inactivate viruses. The impact of hand sanitizer on human health care is significant, and this review article will provide you with information on several elements of hand sanitizer

Many advances in research and technology have been made in the oral route of drug delivery system in recent years. Because of increased patient compliance not only in geriatric and paediatric patients, but also in the general population, the oral channel of drug delivery system- medicated chewing gum has received worldwide recognition throughout the year. Chewing gum can be used as a mobile medication delivery device for both local and systemic drug administration via the oral route. Because of its ease and ability to be administered without water, it is an exceptional drug delivery device for self-medication. The production technique, advantages, disadvantages, factors impacting the release of medicament, assessment parameter, difficulty related with chewing gum manufacture, and future trends have all been examined in this review paper

FDTs are defined by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a solid dosage form containing the therapeutic substance or when applied on the tongue, the active ingredient disintegrates quickly, usually within seconds. The goal of this study is to create a fast-dissolving tablet that uses natural disintegrants. Fast dissolving tablets have grown in popularity in the pharmaceutical industry in recent years. They have a quick disintegration activity that dissolves with saliva without the use of water when placed within the mouth. Furthermore, FDT aims to provide quick medication absorption, reduced toxicity, and higher drug bioavailability, and it is especially popular among geriatric and paediatric patients. Natural disintegrants, which are obtained from natural sources, have a number of advantages, including low cost, nontoxicity, biodegradability, environmental friendliness, and less adverse effects. As a result, it has been established that natural disintegrants are often safer than synthetic disintegrants. Natural disintegrants includes Chitin and chitosan, Guar gum, Gum karaya, Agar and treated agar, Fenugreek seed mucilage, Soy polysaccharide, Gellan gum, Mango peel pectin, Lepidium sativum mucilage, Plantago seed mucilage, Agele marmelos gum, Locust bean gum, Mangifera indica gum, Hibiscus rosa sinensis mucilage, Dehydrated banana powder.

Invasive fungus infection affects about six people out of every 100,000 people each year. Only half of these infections are detected throughout the patient's lifetime, making it one of the most common causes of death among intensive-care patients. The low detection rate is due to the diagnostic work's complexity, which comprises clinical, radiographic, and microbiological results. Antimycotic drug-resistant fungi are on the rise all over the world. Guidelines for identifying and treating invasive fungous infections caused by Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, and Fusarium spp. are the topic of this review. In typical hospital care, intrusive fungous infections are frequently ignored. They must include it as a necessary component of antimicrobial stewardship programmes. There is also a great need for novel antimycotic medication classes to be developed

A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is applied to the skin and used to deliver a particular amount of medication into the bloodstream through the skin. It aids in the recovery of an injured bodily part. The transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) provides an alternative safe means of drug delivery to previous intrusive techniques. In the past, topically applied lotions and ointments were the most commonly utilised systems for dermatological issues. The fact that some of these formulations cause systemic side effects indicates that they are absorbed through the skin. All topically applied medication formulations intended to transport the active ingredient into the general circulation are included in the transdermal delivery system. To overcome the skin's formidable barrier to topical medication administration, several substances have been utilised. Because of their unique qualities, such as improved bioavailability, regulated pharmaceutical release, and improved patient compliance, TDDS have recently gained increased attention. The current review focuses on the various advancements in transdermal drug delivery, as well as the various available methods for preparing transdermal patches, characterization and assessment tools for transdermal patch preparation, patents, transdermal compound clinical trials, and drug approved and future applications of transdermal drug delivery systems. As a result, in recent years, the Transdermal Drug Delivery System has received a lot of attention.

The aim of the current review is to acquaint all the covering aspect of dibetes mellitus which can provide awareness to the diabetes patients in india as well as all over the world. The number of diabetic patients in india is increasing at an alarming rate and is therefore a major area for concern. As per the WHO, the diabetes is expected to reach 79.4 million by 2030. The studies have shown that the type II diabetes is 4-6 times higher in urban than in rural areas in india. Development of diabetes among indians is due to several factors such as age ( Based on NHANES data),waist circumference, hypertention, BMI, smoking habit and total cholestero these variables are important for comparing diabetic and non-diabetic patients