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Potatoes and tomatoes are the key vegetables of Romanian agriculture, due to their consumption and the large growing areas. The paper analyses import and export of potatoes and tomatoes, and import and export prices for these vegetables, while based on that the Gini coefficient was calculated. According to the value of the Gini coefficient, the concentration of potato import is relatively low, while the export concentration is considerably higher. A similar situation is with tomato, as the values of the Gini coefficient indicate low concentration related to import and relatively high concentration related to export. Association with foreign partners, farmer orientation to quality certifications, investment in infrastructure and efficient marketing are some solutions that can improve the Romanian vegetable market.

Given the ever-increasing need for food and the challenges of climate change, as well as the availability of European funding for agriculture, it is crucial to adopt advanced agricultural technologies to maintain and improve agricultural efficiency. This study aims to assess the impact of modern agricultural technologies on the efficiency of cereal production in Romania. Using data collected from N.I.S., we examined the relationship between the implementation of technologies such as irrigation systems, farm equipment and chemical fertilizers and grain yield, assessed as the relationship between total production and area of land cultivated, using multiple linear regression. Findings indicate that agricultural technology and infrastructure significantly influence the level of production. The increase in the number of tractors, ploughs and combines indicates a trend towards modernisation and mechanisation in the Romanian agricultural sector. This is in line with farmers' efforts to respond to the growing demand for cereal products and to benefit from the opportunities offered by the NRDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooperatives are known worldwide as important institutional commitments to overcome the constraints faced by small farmers in developing countries. We conducted an in-depth investigation in order to identify the reasons behind the underdevelopment of agricultural cooperatives in Romania, as well as the solutions that the representatives of cooperatives see, starting from the premise that they are the main connoisseurs of this activity, knowing the strengths, but especially the weaknesses of this activity, by administering a questionnaire-based survey as the main research tool. Clearly, cooperative representatives are aware of the socio-economic implications and role of cooperatives, with average values closer to "total agreement", especially in terms of contribution to food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant socioeconomic impact on rural inhabitants. The aim of the study is to identify the impact it has had on rural inhabitants and to develop a series of recommendations to help them manage more effectively such health crises with social impact. The method of the questionnaire was used, applied on a sample of 94 people, from Tetoiu commune, Valcea county. The results obtained from the application of the questionnaire were determined by the frequency of responses, using the Spearman correlation coefficient determined between two variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An opportunity for the rural environment is the sustainability of agricultural activities, a concept that has recently emerged in rural areas, which is difficult to implement, as development in these areas is not uniformly achieved and requires significant investment to achieve sustainable village development. The purpose of the study was to identify the factors affecting population decline in the two regions studied to find solutions that could help to stop the decline. Data collection was carried out in accordance with current law (Law 544/2001), where birth, mortality and natural growth rates were determined and calculated using SPSS software, Pearson coefficients. The development of a landscape monitoring platform involving local authorities, academia, and business is an absolute necessity. It is absolutely necessary to develop a platform for monitoring the countryside, involving local authorities, the academic world and the business world. In this way, authorities can identify the localities where investments are needed to develop these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have had a significant socioeconomic impact on rural inhabitants. The aim of the study is to identify the impact it has had on rural inhabitants and to develop a series of recommendations to help them manage more effectively such health crises with social impact. The method of the questionnaire was used, applied on a sample of 94 people, from Tetoiu commune, Valcea county. The results obtained from the application of the questionnaire were determined by the frequency of responses, using the Spearman correlation coefficient determined between two variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fair trade is a growing topic among researchers, which has grown in recent decades. This paper aims to identify the importance of fair trade as a topic of scientific research. To achieve this goal, a bibliometric analysis was performed, consisting of a quantitative analysis of statistical data through which the research results are disseminated and public performances are presented. Through this analysis it is possible to perform multiple analyzes including the identification of scientific publications in a particular field and citations of authors or articles. With the help of the VosView program, there has been a strong link between fair trade and food security, consumption, standards, quality, certification, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the comparison between Romania in relation to countries such as Poland, Italy, Germany, Hungary and Bulgaria, taking into account the similarities between them in terms of selling price of agricultural land, size of countries and agricultural area used. Current differences observed between the sale price of land in Romania, clearly express that there are various problems of agricultural activity in Romania. At the end of the paper, a model was created to see if there is a statistically significant linear relationship between the price of land the number of farms and the subsidy offered per hectare. The purpose of this paper is to identify and verify the correlation between the increase in selling prices of agricultural land, the number of farms and the single payment scheme per hectare. Germany ranks first among countries in terms of agricultural area, holding approximately 16.67 million hectares in 2020, with a negative growth rate of 0.04% while the only country with a positive growth rate is Italy, 0.47%, with a total agricultural area of 13.15 million hectares in 2019. In Romania, the price of one hectare of land is 5,339 euros and it is expected that the prices of agricultural land will increase in the coming years. Rising farmland prices can have a positive impact due to the European Union's financial support for the agricultural sector and agricultural activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certification of agri-food products is a mechanism for consumer protection, providing confidence and product compliance. Certified products, depending on the type of certification and the shape of the relief, have unique characteristics such as safety and quality. In Romania, there are 1,201 certified products of the mountain product type, Vâlcea County holding a share of 15.9% of the total products at national level. There are 641 products of traditional product type, concentrating in Transylvania, Muntenia and Maramureş, Braşov county holding the share of 27% of the total products of this type certified nationally. There are 141 products of the established recipe type, and the products certified as Certified Wines are 130 products, concentrated in the sub-Carpathian area, due to the wine-growing areas owned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both Romania and Bulgaria, the 2014-2020 period is probably a defining period in the country's development, particularly agriculture, taking into account the Commission's intention to abandon the granting of payments in agriculture, after 2020. So, time is critical and highly sensitive, being the last chance to reduce major differences compared to other countries, them benefited from such support on a much higher period than countries new entrants disfavored them up to a large extent thereon. It also represents a tremendous help of direct payments to farmers, contributing to their living standards and continuing their activities in agriculture. This paper seeks to highlight the need for support in agriculture so that by processing the statistical data it can be concluded that in both countries, even after the passing of seven years, regarding the first programming period, the situations are not solved completely, so these measures should be further enforced to help farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A family farm is an important part of the countryside, both economically and especially socially. In recent years, legislative measures have encouraged the development of large farms, ensuring food security while neglecting family farms, which are characterised by a lack of organisation, the absence of proper classification and the absence of measures to encourage their development and protection. In order to identify the premises underlying the development of family farms, and to create a development model for those family farms in a poor economic situation, the BMC method and SWOT analysis of seven family farms considered successful models were used. The development of these types of farms could provide a solution to a major problem facing the Romanian countryside: the depopulation of rural areas. The results of the study show that the development of these types of farms is based on joining an associative form (cooperatives) and/or making investments in the processing/storage line of agricultural products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rural area is a basic component from a socio-economic point of view, being closely linked to the activities that take place in these areas. Normally, Romanian rural localities should show significant differences from one development region to another, being influenced by a number of factors (geographical positioning, the influence of agriculture in the economy, etc.). In this sense, data were collected from the town halls of the localities from Calarasi and Timis counties. The analyzed data were processed by the linear regression method, and the estimation of the evolution of the population was determined using the Vensim simulation program. The paper identifies a pattern in rural localities in Romania that hinders their development, reflected by various socio-economic indicators available in the analyzed localities. The main factor that can change this pattern in rural localities is the influence of local and national decision-makers, who can encourage investment in these areas either through the development of local and national infrastructure or through fiscal measures that encourage the development of quality non-agricultural activities that can generate financial resources and jobs at the local level. Moreover, it is not only the low number of non-agricultural activities that is causing the poor development of rural areas, but rather the low number of economic operators in general and the quality of these types of activities, which in most cases do not have the capacity to create new jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural Romania faces many problems, the main one being depopulation. In general, young adults frequently choose to migrate to urban centers or leave the country entirely to satisfy economic and/or social aspirations. The aim of this study is to identify intractable issues that inhibit rural development and to identify actionable solutions. In this regard, a questionnaire was developed and administered at the local level. The results obtained were analyzed with the SPSS Statistical Program, with the Pearson Chi-square, and Cramer and Pearson coefficients were determined. The answers obtained from applying the questionnaire made it possible to identify the causes that inhibit the sustainable development of rural areas. It can be considered that a solution that could lead to the sustainable development of the rural areas from Romania would be represented by the development of a digital tool that would create a synergy between local authorities, researchers and the private sector. In order to be able to solve these problems, the Government of Romania should provide the necessary funds to local authorities, depending on the needs identified through the digital instrument, acting directly on the aspects that restrain the development of those areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]