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[Objectives] We aim to identify the preoperative and perioperative risk factors associated with post-surgical Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infections (PJI) and to develop and validate risk-scoring systems, to allow a better identification of high-risk patients for more efficient targeted interventions., [Methods] We performed a multicenter matched case-control study of patients who underwent a primary hip and knee arthroplasty from 2014 to 2016. Two multivariable models by logistic regression were performed, one for the preoperative and one for perioperative variables; predictive scores also were developed and validated in an external cohort., [Results] In total, 130 cases and 386 controls were included. The variables independently associated with S. aureus-PJI in the preoperative period were (adjusted OR; 95% CI): body mass index >30 kg/m2 (3.0; 1.9 to 4.8), resident in a long-term care facility (2.8; 1.05 to 7.5), fracture as reason for arthroplasty (2.7; 1.4 to 5.03), skin disorders (2.5; 0.9 to 7.04), previous surgery in the index joint (2.4; 1.3 to 4.4), male sex (1.9; 1.2 to 2.9) and American Society of Anesthesiologists index score 3 to 4 (1.8; 1.2 to 2.9). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.73 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.78). In perioperative model, the risk factors were the previous ones plus surgical antibiotic prophylaxis administered out of the first 60 minutes before incision (5.9; 2.1 to 16.2), wound drainage for >72 hours after arthroplasty (4.5; 1.9 to 19.4) and use of metal bearing material versus ceramic (1.9; 1.1 to 3.3). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.78 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.83). The predictive scores developed were validated in the external cohort., [Discussion] Predictive scores for S. aureus-PJI were developed and validated; this information would be useful for implementation of specific preventive measures.

Delirium is a common problem in elderly patients undergoing surgery. Standard delirium care is not available at all surgical wards. We determined the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of postoperative delirium among patients undergoing elective/emergency aortoiliac surgery at a surgical ward with high-standard delirium care. A prospective descriptive survey in 107 patients was conducted. High-standard delirium care was given to patients above age 65, consisting of an extended focus on risk factors and intensive screening. The Delirium Observation Scale was used as a screening instrument for delirium. Patients were classified as having delirium if they met the DSM-IV criteria. The overall incidence of delirium was 23%. The incidence was 14% after elective surgery. Delirium occurred in 59% after emergency surgery and more often after open than after endovascular aneurysm repair ( p < .01). Delirium was associated with age ( p < .01) and emergency surgery ( p = .01) and is an important and frequent complication after aortoiliac surgery.

Background: Although delirium is a common problem in elderly patients undergoing surgery, standard delirium care is not available in all wards. The object of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of postoperative delirium among patients aged 65 and above undergoing elective abdominal surgery at a surgical ward with a high standard delirium care. Methods: Prospective descriptive survey in 71 patients. The Delirium Observation Scale was used to screen for delirium. Patients were classified as having a delirium if they met the DSM IV-criteria. Delirious and nondelirious patients were compared and associated risk factors were calculated using logistic regression analyses. Results: Incidence of postoperative delirium was 24%. Univariate analysis showed that age above 74 years, CST score, ASA score, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay and number of complications were significant risk factors for delirium. Older age, however, was the only significant risk factor in multivariate analysis (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.00–1.35; p = 0.05). Lastly, mortality was significantly higher in the delirium group (29.4 vs. 3.7%; p = 0.001). Conclusion: At a surgical ward with high standard delirium care, the incidence of delirium was 24% and mortality was higher in delirious patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery.