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Etika je znanost o moralu, definira način ponašanja ljudi. Profesionalna etika obuhvaća standarde, kodekse te pravila koja definiraju kako bi se trebali ponašati prilikom obavljanja svog posla. Kako bi se zaštitila prava čovjeka, postoje zakoni i pravila koji reguliraju poslovne djelatnosti. Svrha poslovne etike je zapravo ta da pokuša uskladiti te ostvariti odabrane ciljeve, misiju i viziju s onim unutar organizacije što već postoji i s onim prema čemu se krećemo. Imamo različite razine etike, a to su: društvena etika, osobna etika, radna, odnosno poslovna etika, organizacijska etika te profesionalna etika. Usporedba kodeksa odvjetnika i liječnika nam govori kako svaka profesija ima svoja pravila i načela koja zaposlenici moraju poštivati. Ethics is the science of morals and defines peoples behaviour. Professional ethics contains standards, codexes and rules which define how to behave during work. In order to ensure human rights, there are laws and rules which regulate business activities. The purpose of business ethics is to try to harmonize and achieve the selected goals, mission and vision with what exists within the organization and with what we are moving towards. There are different levels of ethics, which are: social ethics, business ethics and professional ethics. A comparison of the code of lawyers and doctors tells us that every professions has its own rules and norms that employees must follow.

Autori u ovom radu, analizirajući slučaj Sherri Finkbine, majke koja je 1962. napravila pobačaj svoga djeteta, nastoje u svjetlu nauka svetoga Tome Akvinskog dati odgovore na pobačaj kao jedno od gorućih kontroverznih pitanja današnjice. Sam rad je podijeljen u tri poglavlja. U prvom uvodnom poglavlju autori najprije opisuju sam slučaj iznoseći činjenice i okolnosti u kojima se dogodio pobačaj pred očima javnosti. Nakon toga u drugom poglavlju prave moralnu raščlambu njezina čina u svjetlu tomističkog nauka, pogotovo zato što se u nekim krugovima od šezdesetih godina naovamo smatralo da je nauk svetoga Tome o stanju embrija mogao ići njoj u prilog. U tom smislu propitali su slučaj iz biološke, pravne i sociološke perspektive, ukazujući na ćudoredni nauk sv. Tome pri svakoj od navedenih stavki. Naposljetku u trećem poglavlju daju završnu teološku sintezu cijelog slučaja naglašjući, u svjetlu tomističke moralne teologije, da je Sherri pogriješila u prosudbi svoje savjesti, te time pogriješila u svom ćudorednom izboru, bez obzira na liječnike i javno mnijenje koje ju je podupiralo., By analyzing the case of Sherri Finkbine, a mother who had an abortion in 1962, the authors of this paper seek to answer some abortion-related questions in the light of the ethical teaching of St. Thomas Aquinas, as the abortion debate presents one of today’s most pressing controversial issues. The paper is divided into three parts. In the introductory part, the authors first describe the case itself by presenting the facts as well as the circumstances in which the abortion took place before the eyes of the public. Furthermore, in the second part, the authors make a moral analysis of Finkbine’s act in the light of Thomistic teaching, especially due to the fact that, in certain circles from the 1960s onwards, it was believed that St. Thomas’ teaching on the state of the embryo could work to Finkbine’s advantage. In that sense, the authors analyze the case through a biological, legal and sociological perspective, pointing to the Thomistic moral doctrine at each of the mentioned views. Lastly, the third part provides a final theological synthesis of the whole case, putting a strong emphasis, in the light of Thomistic teaching, on the fact that Sherri made a grave error in judgment of her own conscience and thus erred in her moral choices, regardless of the doctors and public opinion that supported her choice.

U radu se analiziraju politike državljanstva i imigracije u Hrvatskoj, s posebnim osvrtom na etnifikaciju i marketizaciju građanstva koja se odvija u posljednja tri desetljeća. Studija polazi od koncepta građanstva kao "diferenciranog članstva" koji pretpostavlja da su beneficije članstva nejednako raspoređene među različitim subjektima građanstva neovisno o njihovom formalnom državljanskom statusu i često u suprotnosti s dominantnim nacionalnim mitologijama. Po modelu Rogersa Brubakera i njegovog koncepta "socijalnog zatvaranja", studije državljanstva u Hrvatskoj dosad su se bavile problematikom etniciteta i formalnog članstva. Pri tome, etnicitet se poima kao ključna kategorija koja pretpostavlja stjecanje državljanstva i građanskih prava. Nasuprot tome, slijedeći pristup Brigdet Anderson, u ovom radu na etničko državljanstvo gledam kao političku strategiju kojom se održava mit da sudjelovanje u naciji nosi jasne simboličke i materijalne koristi članstva. Ovaj rad nastojat će pokazati da procesi komodifikacije djeluju protiv logike etnonacionalizma pa se građanska prava rastaču u korist tržišta, a na štetu ciljanih socioekonomskih skupina unutar (etno)nacionalne većine i manjina. Socijalno građanstvo koje Brubaker i literatura "socijalnog zatvaranja" zanemaruju kritično je za razumijevanje građanstva kao koncepta i društvene prakse., The paper analyzes the politics of citizenship and immigration in Croatia, with special reference to ethnicization and marketization of citizenship that has been taking place in the last three decades. In doing so, I start from the concept of "differentiated citizenship" which assumes that the benefits of membership are unequally distributed among different subjects of citizenship, regardless of their formal citizenship status. Following the model of Rogers Brubaker and his concept of "social closure", citizenship studies in Croatia have so far dealt with the issue of ethnicity and formal membership. However, following Bridget Anderson's approach, in this paper I see ethnic citizenship as a political strategy that maintains the myth that participation in the nation carries clear symbolic and material benefits of membership. The paper shall argue that the processes of commodification work against the logic of ethnonationalism, and citizenship rights are dispersed in favor of the market, to the detriment of the targeted groups within (ethno)national majority, as well as ethnic minorities. Social citizenship that Brubaker and the literature on "social closure" ignores is critical for our understanding of citizenship as a concept and social practice.

In my bachelor's thesis I will deal with the transformation of the child's social status in society from the modern period to the present. Important sub-topics here are family, upbringing, school attendance and education, social work with the child and the rights of the child. The work raises the question of the influence of contemporary conditions on the position of the child and observes how over the last few centuries there has been a growing systemic interest in issues related to children and childhood as a distinctive period of human life. The historical point of view makes it possible to capture not only the gradual change in the child's position in society, but also to map its causal circumstances, in which the role of religion, the influence of science and contemporary authorities or the power of folk traditions and customs participate. In this context, social work with children and the issue of children's rights are addressed.

Článek se zabývá následkem uplatnění nároků na náhradu nemajetkové újmy z titulu práva na ochranu osobnosti. Jeho primárním cílem je nalézt odpověď na otázku, zda jsou rozhodnutí o těchto nárocích konstitutivní nebo deklaratorní povahy. Správná klasifikace rozhodnutí o nárocích na náhradu nemajetkové újmy má význam nejen teoretický, ale i z hlediska právní jistoty a správného rozsahu žalobního nároku. The article deals with the consequences of claims for compensation for non-pecuniary damage under the right to protection of personality. Its primary aim is to answer the question whether the decisions on these claims are constitutive or declaratory in nature. The correct classification of decisions on claims for non-pecuniary damage is not only of theoretical importance, but also of importance in terms of legal certainty and the correct scope of the claim. The article deals with the consequences of claims for compensation for non-pecuniary damage under the right to protection of personality. Its primary aim is to answer the question whether the decisions on these claims are constitutive or declaratory in nature. The correct classification of decisions on claims for non-pecuniary damage is not only of theoretical importance, but also of importance in terms of legal certainty and the correct scope of the claim.

Ovaj završni rad bavi se pravima i obvezama gosta u izravnom ugovoru o hotelskim uslugama. Turistički ugovori nastali su kako bi se uredili pravni poslovi između sugovaratelja usluga u turizmu. Izravni ugovor o hotelskim uslugama uređen je poslovnim običajima i uzancama. Kako bi se smatrao sklopljenim hotelijer i gost moraju se složiti oko vrste i opsega usluge, cijeni, vremenu korištenja usluge i smještaja to jest pansiona ili polupansiona. Unutar ugovora hotelijer ima dužnosti koje se obvezuje ispuniti, te mora štititi privatnost gosta. Ako ne ispunjava obveze odgovoran je za imovinsku i neimovinsku štetu nastalu gostu. Gost unutar ugovora stječe prava, ali i obveze koje je dužan ispuniti, no odgovoran za imovinsku i neimovinsku štetu koju učini hotelijeru prilikom kršenja istih. This paper deals with the rights and obligations of the guest in a direct hotel-keeper’s contract services. Tourism contracts were created to regulate legal transactions between the contractors of services in tourism. The direct hotel-keeper’s contract is governed by business customs and special customs. In order to be considered concluded, the hotelier and the guest must agree on the type and scope of the service, the price, the time of using the service and the accommodation. Within the contract, the hotelier has duties that he undertakes to fulfill, and also he must protect the privacy of the guest. If he does not fulfill his obligations, he is responsible for property and non-property damage caused to the guest. Within the contract, the guest acquires rights but also obligations that he is obliged to fulfill and is responsible for property and non-property damage that he does to the hotelier in violation of the same.

Suvremeno društvo sve više teži jednakosti, pravima i slobodi. Jednakost u spolovima i rodnim ulogama težnja je povijesnih borbi za ženska prava koja je svoje čvrste temelje sazidala u feminističkom pokretu. Borbom za temeljna ljudska prava doneseni su dokumenti kojima se i današnje društvo vodi. Svaki čovjek ima jednako pravo na život, obrazovanje, slobodu, sudjelovanje u javnom, političkom i kulturnom životu bez obzira na njegov spol, dob, vjersku i rasnu pripadnost. Kako bi učenike upoznali s temom spolno/rodne ravnopravnosti, analizirani su kurikulumi međupredmetnih tema Zdravlje i Građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja te kurikulum Zdravstvenog odgoja kako bi se usporedilo i ustanovilo da se jedan na drugoga nadovezuju te da se u njima nalaze ključni sadržaji koji učitelju olakšavaju planiranje i programiranje sadržaja ove teme. Intervjuom s osobljem udruge „Brod“ postigla se jasnija predodžba o funkcioniranju nevladinih organizacija i funkciji zakona koji su u zaštiti ranjivih skupina te na koji način pomažu ili odmažu realizaciji programa udruga. Analizom dvaju kurikuluma uvidjelo se da se u Kurikulumu međupredmetne teme Zdravlje (2019) ne pojavljuje kao samostalan modul odnosno domena spolno/rodne ravnopravnosti i odgovornog spolnog ponašanja, ali je zato integriran u druge domene, ne obuhvaćajući sve sadržaje i ishode koji su planirani u Kurikulumu Zdravstvenog odgoja (2013). Domena Ljudska prava Kurikuluma međupredmetne teme Građanski odgoj i obrazovanje (2019.) podrazumijeva promicanje i zaštitu ljudskih prava koja se direktno može povezati s temom ovog rada. Odgojno-obrazovnim očekivanjima domene „Ljudska prava“ učenici prihvaćaju različitosti kao temelj identiteta svakog pojedinca u zajednici te razvijaju svijest i osjetljivost za druge i drugačije u njihovoj okolini. Osim poučavanja učenika o toj temi, škole također uvode rodno osviještenu politiku unutar svoje zajednice dajući tako primjer učenicima. Uloga učitelja je tu najvažnija. Kao stručna osoba koja prenosi svoje znanje i stavove i mišljenja nužno je da radi na sebi odnosno uči cijeli život te da razvija svoje kompetencije. Modern society is increasingly striving for equality, rights and freedom. Sex equality and gender roles are the aspirations of historical struggles for women's rights that have built their solid foundations in the feminist movement. The fight for fundamental human rights has resulted in the documents that guide today's society. Everyone has the same right to live, education, freedom, participation in public, political and cultural life, regardless of gender, age, religion or race. In order to familiarize the students with the topic of gender equality, the curricula of the cross-curricular topics Health and Citizenship Education were analyzed, as well as the curriculum of the Health Education in order to compare and find that they complement each other and that they contain key contents that make it easier for the teacher to plan and programming the content of this topic. Interviews with the staff of the “Brod” association resulted in a clearer picture of the functioning of non-governmental organizations and the function of the laws that protect vulnerable groups and how they help or delay the implementation of the programs. The analysis of the two curricula revealed that the Cross Curriculum Health (2019) does not appear as a stand-alone module, domain of sex/ gender equality and responsible sexual behavior, but is therefore integrated into other domains, not covering all contents and outcomes planned in the Curriculum Health Education (2013). The Human Rights Curriculum domain of the cross-curricular theme Citizenship Education (2019) implies the promotion and protection of human rights that can be directly linked to the topic of this paper. With the educational expectations of the Human Rights domain, students embrace diversity as the basis of each individual's identity in the community, and develop awareness and sensitivity for others in their environment. In addition to teaching students about the topic, schools also introduce gender mainstreaming within their community, setting an example for students. The role of the teacher is paramount here. As a professional person who imparts his knowledge and attitudes and opinions, is necessary to work on himself and learn all his life to develop his competences.

It appears at least intuitively appropriate to claim that we owe it to victims to punish those who have wronged them. It also seems plausible to state that we owe it to society to punish those who have violated its norms. However, do we also owe punishment to perpetrators themselves? In other words, do those who commit crimes have a moral right to be punished? This work examines the sustainability of the right to be punished from the standpoint of the two main theories of rights—the will and the interest conceptions. The right to be punished is shown to be largely indefensible on both accounts: on the will theory, the right to be punished conflicts with autonomy, and it can neither be claimed nor waived by a perpetrator; on the interest theory, a perpetrator’s interest in punishment, inasmuch as it exists, is not sufficient to ground a duty on the part of the state., Intuitivno se čini prikladnim tvrditi da žrtvama dugujemo kažnjavanje onih koji su im naštetili. Čini se također plauzibilnim tvrditi da dugujemo društvu kaznu za one koji narušavaju njegove norme. Međutim, dugujemo li kaznu i samim počiniteljima? Drugim riječima, imaju li oni koji čine zločine moralnu dužnost biti kažnjeni? Ovaj rad istražuje održivost prava na kaznu iz točke gledišta dviju teorija prava—koncepcije volje i interesa. Pokazuje se da je pravo na kaznu uvelike neobranjivo prema obje teorije: prema teoriji volje, pravo na kaznu je u konfliktu s autonomijom te ga se ne može niti tražiti niti ga se odreći; prema teoriji interesa, interes počinitelja da bude kažnjen, ukoliko postoji, nije dovoljan da utvrdi dužnost države.

Ova disertacija se bavi pitanjem emocija životinja i preispituje njihov moralni status, ukazujuci na vezu izmedu tih pojmova. U radu cu braniti tvrdnju da, ako makar neke ne-ljudske životinje doživljavaju bazicne emocije poput straha, ljutnje, radosti i tuge, onda one imaju iskustvenu dobrobit i sopstvene interese koji su moralno relevantni. Razmotricu rezultate savremenih neuronaucnih istraživanja koji pokazuju da se moždani mehanizmi u osnovi bazicnih emocionalnih sistema nalaze u supkortikalnim oblastima mozga koje su homologne kod svih sisara. Preispitacu vec pomenutu neuronaucnu kao i bihejvioralnu evidenciju koja potkrepljuje hipotezu o evolucionom kontinuitetu izmedu ljudi i drugih životinja, ukazujuci na to da mnoge ne-ljudske životinje, pre svega sisari i ptice, imaju emocionalna osecanja kada se ponašaju emocionalno. Jedan od osnovnih ciljeva ovog razmatranja je ukazivanje na eticke implikacije zakljucka da mnoge ne-ljudske životinje doživljavaju emocije. U disertaciji cu nastojati da izložim uverljive argumente za tvrdnju da osecajne životinje sa emocionalnim doživljajima imaju sopstvene interese koje bi ljudi kao moralni akteri trebalo da poštuju i pripišu im moralni status. Pored toga, obrazložicu tvrdnju da je, radi zaštite njihove dobrobiti i interesa, potrebno promeniti pravni status makar nekih osecajnih životinja u status pravnih subjekata koji imaju odredena osnovna „ljudska“ prava The thesis addresses the issue of animal emotion and questions their moral standing, indicating the connection between the two. I argue that if at least some non-human animals experience basic emotions such as fear, anger, joy and sadness, then they have an experiential welfare and their own interests that are morally relevant. I will discuss the results of contemporary neuroscientific research showing that the brain mechanisms underlying basic emotional systems are located in subcortical brain regions that are homologous in all mammals. I will examine the above neuroscientific as well as behavioural evidence to support the hypothesis about the evolutionary continuity between humans and other animals, indicating that many animals, primarily mammals and birds, have emotional feelings when they behave emotionally. One of the main purposes of this discussion is to point out the ethical implications of the conclusion that many non-human animals experience emotions. In the thesis I will endeavour to provide compelling arguments that sentient animals with emotional experiences have their own interests, which people as moral agents should respect and recognise their moral status. In addition, I will argue that in order to protect their well-being and their interests, it is necessary to change the legal status of at least some sentient animals to the status of a legal person, entitled to some basic “human” rights

Disability is not only a medical problem, but rather a complex phenomenon that reflects the interaction between the features of the body and the intellect of a person on the one hand, and the characteristics of the society in which he or she lives, on the other. Overcoming the disadvantages faced by people with disabilities requires interventions that will remove all kinds of barriers, from avoiding social prejudices to architectural adaptations and redesigning products. The paper deals with the problem of developing public, with special emphasis on Croatia, which in this case involves not only increasing the number of potential associates and end-users in the cultural industry process but also sensitising general public for others, focusing attention on its invisible, forgotten or ignored part of the disabled. Disabled people do not have special needs; their needs and their right to culture are equal to the needs and rights of all – they just need to be adjusted., Invaliditet nije samo medicinski problem, već složeni fenomen koji odražava interakciju između obilježja tijela i intelekta osobe s jedne strane te karakteristika društva u kojem on ili ona živi, s druge strane. Prevladavanje nedostataka s kojima se suočavaju osobe s invaliditetom zahtijeva intervencije koje će ukloniti sve vrste prepreka: od izbjegavanja društvenih predrasuda do arhitektonskih prilagodbi i redizajniranja proizvoda. Rad se bavi problemom razvoja publika, s posebnim naglaskom na Hrvatsku, što u ovom slučaju podrazumijeva ne samo povećanje broja potencijalnih suradnika i krajnjih korisnika u procesu kulturne industrije, već i senzibiliziranje javnosti za druge i drugačije, s naglaskom na nevidljivi, zaboravljeni ili zanemareni dio osoba s invaliditetom. Osobe s invaliditetom nemaju posebne potrebe; njihove potrebe i njihovo pravo na kulturu jednake su potrebama i pravima svih - samo ih je potrebno prilagoditi.

Založno pravo kao ograničeno stvarno pravo pruža zaštitu založnom vjerovniku, ukoliko mu o dospijeću nije namirena tražbina, da se namiri iz vrijednosti zaloga te je takvo namirenje dužan trpjeti svakodobni imatelj zaloga. Pravila o zasnivanju založnog prava uređena su Zakonom o vlasništvu i drugim stvarnim pravima. Založiti se mogu stvari i prava. Iako je Zakonom o vlasništvu i drugim stvarnim pravima većina članaka predviđena za založno pravo na tjelesnim stvarima, moguća je odgovarajuća primjena određenih članaka i na subjektivnim pravima koja su bestjelesna. Poslovni udio i dionica kao subjektivna prava mogu biti predmetom zaloga. Na dionici može se zasnovati dobrovoljno založno pravo, sudsko prisilno založno pravo, sudsko i javnobilježničko dobrovoljno založno pravo i zakonsko založno pravo. Društvo može zahtijevati davanje suglasnosti za zasnivanje založnog prava na dionici . Zalaganjem dionice založni dužnik ne gubi upravljačka prava. Imovinska prava iz dionice pripadaju založnom vjerovniku te je on ovlašten ubirati dividendu te tako namirivati svoju tražbinu. Dionice mogu biti zanimljivi kao predmet zaloga jer imaju određenu tržišnu vrijednost koja se, osobito kad je dionica koja je izlistana na burzi, dosta lako utvrđuje u svakom trenutku. Založni vjerovnik, u načelu, ne snosi poduzetnički rizik, međutim isti se ne može odvojiti od dionice pa stoga ima određena prava. Namirenje iz dionicezaložni vjerovnik može ostvariti sudskim i izvansudskim putem. A lien, as a form of limited real right, provides protection to the lienor in case the claim has not been duly settled i.e. enables the lienor to secure the payment out of the lien value. Each lienee must obey to such settlement.The regulations concerning the lien are set in the Act on Ownership and Other Real Rights. A lien can be placed on material objects and rights. Although most of the articles of the Act on Ownership and Other Real Rights provides for a lien on material objects, it is possible to apply certain articles to subjective (non-material) rights also. Shares or stocks as subjective rights can also be subject to a lien. Different types of lien can be imposed on shares - a voluntary (consensual) lien, a mandatory lien enforced by court decision, a voluntary lien enforced by notarial or court decision and a lien enforced by the operation of the common law. A company can demand that the approval must be given for imposing a lien on its shares. Imposing a lien on company's shares does not mean the loss of management rights. The property rights from a share belong to the lienor, who is entitled to collect the divident and thus settle his claim.Shares can be interesting as objects of a lienbecause they have a specific market value which can be quite easily determined at any moment, especially if the company is listed at stock exchanges. In principle, a lienor does not bear entrepreneurial risk, which cannot be separated from the share, and therefore he has certain rights. The lienor can receive payment from a share on the basis of a court ruling or out of court.

Ovaj rad pod naslovom Zatvorske knjižnice – biblioterapija kao odgovor analizira zatvorske knjižnice u svijetu, ali govori i o stanju u Hrvatskoj. Također, navode se smjernice koje uređuju knjižničarstvo u zatvorskim knjižnicama, ali i prava zatvorenika na čitanje te koje su to knjige i zbog čega proglašene zabranjenima iza rešetaka. Kao zadnja stvar, ali nikako manje bitna, spominje se rehabilitacija kroz primjenu biblioterapiju te primjeri dobre prakse koji su provedeni kao projekti u zatvorskim knjižnicama. This paper titled Prison libraries – bibliotherapy as an answer analyze prison libraries in the world but also speak about situation in Croatia. Also, here are guidelines which regulate librarianship in prison libraries, the rights of prisoners to read and which books and why are forbidden behind prison bars. As the last thing, but not less important, there si rehabilitation trough the biblioteraphy and examples of good practice carried out as projects in prison libraries.

Ugovorom o zakupu broda zakupodavatelj daje zakupoprimatelju brod na uporabu, uz plaćanje zakupnine, radi obavljanja plovidbene djelatnosti. Pod uporabom broda razumijeva se pravo na gospodarsko iskorištavanje broda. Zakupoprimatelj posluje s brodom za svoj račun, kao da je vlasnik broda. Pomorskim zakonikom propisano je kako ugovor o zakupu broda mora biti sklopljen u pisanom obliku, u suprotnom ne proizvodi pravni učinak. U svrhu ispunjenja ugovora obje ugovorne strane – zakupodavatelj i zakupoprimatelj imaju niz prava i obveza te posljedično i odgovornosti. U radu se na sustavan način analizira i prikazuje pravno uređenje zakupa broda u hrvatskom pravnom sustavu. By the bareboat charter contract, the lessor gives the lessee a vessel for use, with the payment of hire, for the purpose of carrying out the navigation activity. The use of vessel is understood as the right for economic exploitation of the vessel. Lessee is operating with the ship for its own account, as if he is the owner of the vessel. Maritime Code stipulates that the bareboat charter contract shall be concluded in written form, otherwise it produces no legal effect. In order to fulfill the contract, both parties - the lessor and the lessee have a range of number of rights and obligations and resultant responsibilities. This paper analyzes and presents in a systematic manner the legal arrangement of the ship's lease in the Croatian legal system.

Primarno obilježje zdravstvene djelatnosti koje je čini specifičnom je to što se izravno bavi čovjekom i njegovim zdravljem. Zdravstvena djelatnost i zdravstveni radnici koji ju obavljaju, štite i unaprjeđuju najveće ljudske i društvene vrijednosti,život i zdravlje. Cilj je zdravstvene zaštite promocija, unapređenje zdravlja, prevencija, odnosno sprječavanje bolesti, pravodobno otkrivanje bolesti, učinkovito liječenje i rehabilitacija stanovništva. Radiološki tehnolozi sudjeluju u postupcima pružanja zdravstvene zaštite, sukladno zakonskim načelima, na svim razinama pružanja zdravstvene zaštite, pod uvjetima predviđenim važećim zakonima. Radiološki tehnolog je svakodnevno izložen raznim opasnostima i mogućnostima počinjenja stručnih pogrešaka. Njegovo zdravlje može biti ugroženo od izvora ionizirajućeg zračenja kada uređaji koji emitiraju ionizirajuće zračenje nisu ispravni i kada ne koristi odgovarajuću zaštitu. Zakon o zdravstvenoj zaštiti korisnicima - pacijentimagarantira određena prava, ali i nameće obveze. Svaka osoba ima pravo na zdravstvenu zaštitu i na mogućnost ostvarenja najviše moguće razine zdravlja, u skladu s odredbama Zakona o zdravstvenoj zaštiti i Zakona o obveznom zdravstvenom osiguranja. Prava zdravstvenih radnika, kao ni radioloških tehnologa, još nisu kodificirana jednima aktom, već ih pronalazimo u raznim zakonima koji reguliraju zdravstvenu djelatnost. prava pacijenata i samu struku, radiološku tehnologiju. Danas se od zdravstvenih radnika, a tako i od radioloških tehnologa, traže sve veće vještine i znanja, propisana je obveza obveznog usavršavanja, a proces usvajanja novih znanja u vidu neformalnog obrazovanja prisutan je u sve većoj mjeri. Savjesno i pažljivo obavljanje svoga posla, uz poštivanje zakonskih propisa i osnovnih principa iz domene ljudskih prava, prema kolegama i prema pacijentima, predstavlja okvir sigurnog rada radioloških tehnologa. The primary feature of healthcare is that it makes more specific than others.It deals directly with a man and his health. "Healthcare is one of the most important human activities because it protects and promotes the highest human and social values, life and health". Healthcare is a system of state, collective and individual measures for improvement, save and restore health. The goal is to promote healthcare, health promotion, prevention, and prevention of diseases, early detection of disease, effective treatment and rehabilitation. Health protection is organized on three levels, primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare. The health worker is a person who has a medical education and is providing healthcare to individuals, with obligatory adherence to moral and ethical principles of medical profession. Healthcare workers are educated at medical, dental, pharmacy and biochemistry faculty and other university medical orientation as well as in secondary medical schools. Radiology technologist carries out various types of recording that allow identification and monitoring of the disease.They participate in any kind of treatment of malignant disease - radiotherapy or radiation therapy. The most famous is there cord where applicable X-rays, which allow you to display the bones, heart, lungs and other organs and systems. A radiology technologist may be compromised by ionizing radiation when devices that emit ionizing radiation are not correct. Also, insulation elements in the room may be incorrect (too thin or are no longer in the correct function), and in some medical treatment (interventional radiology) radiological technologist is within the radiation field. Health Care Act gives users certain rights, but also imposes obligations. Every person has a right to healthcare and the possibility of achieving the highest possible level of health, in accordance with the provisions of the Health Protection and theLaw on Compulsory Health Insurance. Today, health professionals are seeking higher skills and knowledge, and therefore the greater is the risk. For fear of mistakes doctors are beginning to use the so-called "Defensive Medicine". It is carriedout a series of unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic 37 procedures in order to ensure health workers from potential liability, and this causes higher costs of medical treatment and potential risk to the patient.

Završni rad na temu upravno pravne regulacije međunarodne zaštite iz perspektive upravnog prava u uvodnom dijelu određuje pravne izvore Europske unije i primjenjive međunarodne ugovore kao i razradu određenih pojmova bitnih za rad . U središnjem dijelu rada obrađena je nova migracijska politika Republike Hrvatske, razrađene su odredbe novog Zakona o međunarodnoj i privremenoj zaštiti koji je zamijenio dotadašnji Zakon o azilu u dijelu koji se odnosi na upravno pravnu regulaciju i nadležnost. Također su razrađeni prava i obveze tražitelja međunarodne zaštite . Izvršen je uvid u sudsku praksu Upravnog suda i Ustavnog suda Republike Hrvatske povodom tužbi na rješenja Ministarstva unutarnjih poslova kojom prilikom su obrađene dvije presude Ustavnog suda Republike Hrvatske. Zaključno rad ukazuje na probleme u provedbi međunarodne zaštite . Final work on the topic of administrative legal regulation of international protection from the perspective of administrative law in the preamble defines the legal sources of the European Union and applicable treaties and the elaboration of specific terms relevant to work. The main part was treated new migration policy of the Republic of Croatian, elaborated the provisions of the new Law on International and temporary protection which replaced the Asylum Act in the part relating to administrative legal regulation and jurisdiction. They also worked out the rights and obligations for international protection. Were inspected in the case law of the Administrative Court and the Croatian Constitutional Court on the occasion of the lawsuit on the decision of the Ministry of Interior during which they handled two judgments of the Croatian Constitutional Court. In conclusion, the paper points to problems in the implementation of international protection.

U suvremenim zdravstvenim sustavima regulirana su zakonska prava pacijenata. Svakom pacijentu jamči se opće i jednako pravo na kvalitetnu i kontinuiranu zdravstvenu zaštitu primjerenu njegovom zdravstvenom stanju, sukladno opće prihvaćenim stručnim standardima i etičkim načelima, u najboljem interesu pacijenta uz poštivanje njegovih osobnih stavova. Zakonom o pravima pacijenata reguliran je pravni odnos u zbrinjavanju pacijenata. Istraživanje je provedeno na 139 medicinskih sestara u Općoj bolnici Šibensko-kninske županije. U najvećem broju medicinske sestre su bile srednje stručne spreme (69 %) i godinama radnog staža od 5-15 i 15-25 godina. Prema dobivenim rezultatima može se zaključiti da medicinske sestre imaju odlično znanje o sadržaju Zakona o zaštiti prava pacijenata. Ključne riječi: pacijent, prava, medicinska sestra, znanje. Patients' legal rights are being regulated in modern health care systems. Each patient is guaranteed general right, based on equality, of permanent and good quality health care according to their medical condition, in accordance with generally accepted professional standards and ethical principles, all in their best interest and respecting their personal attitudes. The Patients' Rights Protection Act regulates the legal framework for patient care. The research was conducted using 139 nurses from Šibenik-Knin County General Hospital as participants. The majority of the participants had secondary school qualifications (69 %) and 5 to 15 or 15 to 25 years of service. The results have shown that the nurses have excellent knowledge of the Patients' Right Protection Act. Key words: patient, rights, nurse, knowledge

Trgovačko društvo je pravna osoba, a može se osnovati za obavljanje gospodarske te bilo koje druge djelatnosti. Društvenim ugovorom određuju se unutarnji odnosi između članova društva, a sve to zahvaljujući aktu društvenog ugovora. Temeljne obveze i prava članova javnog trgovačkog društva odnose se na unos uloga u društvo, a veličina uloga članova utvrđuje se ugovorom. Član javnog trgovačkog društva ne smije bez pristanka svih ostalih članova voditi poslove koji spadaju pod predmet poslovanja, odnosno ne smije sudjelovati niti u kojem drugom trgovačkom društvu. U komanditnom trgovačkom društvu, u usporedbi s ostalim društvima, postoje dvije vrste članova čiji se položaj razlikuje u odnosu na njihovu odgovornost. Kada se govori o upravljanju društvom, u ovoj situaciji, komanditnim društvom upravljaju komplementari jer komanditori nisu ovlašteni upravljati poslovima društva. Svi imatelji dionica u dioničkom društvu stječu temeljno člansko pravo u društvu, a sva ostala prava proizlaze po svom sadržaju iz različitih rodova. I u konačnici, kod društva s ograničenom odgovornošću temeljno načelo se odnosi na to da su svi članovi obvezni uloge u novcu uplatiti u razmjeru sa svojim preuzetim poslovnim udjelima. A company is a legal entity, and can be set to perform economic and any other activities. The social contract determine the internal relations between members of society, and all thanks to an act of the social contract. Fundamental rights and obligations of members of the public company refer to the input role in society, and the size of the role of members is determined by contract. A member of the public company shall not, without the consent of all other members to keep jobs that fall under the subject of business, or they may participate in no other company. In a limited company, compared with other companies, there are two types of members whose position is different in relation to their responsibility. When talking about the management of the company, in this situation, the limited partnership managed by general partners as limited partners are not authorized to manage the company's business. All holders of shares in the joint stock company acquired a basic membership rights in the company, and all other rights resulting in its content from different genera. And finally, with a limited liability company fundamental principle refers to the fact that all members of a mandatory role in money paid in proportion to their commitments to business interests.

The present thesis deals with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) at work in manufacturing plants where there are harmful factors that may have an adverse effect on human health. In the employer-employee relationship, both parties have their respectable rights and duties in the extent that is primarily made by legislation the purpose of which is to eliminate as far as possible the damage to the health of workers at work. A very important factor in this problem is a personal approach to each of the interested parties, which, however, could not be comprised by any legislation. For that reason I decided to pay attention to this subject and to find out how far and how profoundly employees understand this issue. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part is conceived in the form of an hourglass: the roof is based on the international legal anchor of health protection at work, it narrows down to the EU legislation, and further on the legislation of the Czech Republic. The risks and risk factors of working conditions are listed, as well as preventive and protective measures, then in more detail, I have dealt mostly with the manner of protection of specific body parts and organs. In conclusion, I inquire more into the consequences of damage to health at work. In the practical part I introduce this objective: to examine general knowledge of the risks associated with damage to health as a result of performance at work. A partial objective was to determine the extent to which workers, during the work performance and when they are exposed to harmful factors leading to possible damage to health, use PPE to protect their health. Next, I set three hypotheses that I evaluated statistically. The first hypothesis assumed that at present time, people of working age prefer better work performance to the protection of their own health. The results have established that this is not true. The second hypothesis assumed that working people are not aware of all the risks associated with damage to health as a result of the performance of the work. This hypothesis was confirmed. The third hypothesis assumed that most of the workers, the work of whom requires the use of PPE, actually use them to protect their health. This statement was confirmed. To obtain the necessary data, I used an anonymous questionnaire, composed of simple closed questions, aiming, in cooperation with employers, to a specific target group of respondents, i.e. those with risk factors at work. The collected data was statistically evaluated. The results of the investigation showed that workers do not generally understand the risks associated with damage to health as a result of their performance at work; nevertheless the rate of use of PPE is generally high. The results of my work could possibly serve as a base for adjustments or changes in the concept of training concerning health and safety at work.

U ovom radu, konceptualno podijeljenom u pet poglavlja, autor proučava, analizira te, naposljetku, predočava na koji je način albanska nacionalna manjina u gradu Osijeku uspjela realizirati svoja prava koja joj pripadaju na temelju unutarnjeg prava Republike Hrvatske te pravnog poretka međunarodne zajednice. Autor po prvi puta u znanstvenoj praksi analizira te podvodi pod pravni supstrat, jezični, kulturni te nacionalni identitet albanske nacionalne manjine na području grada Osijeka te cijele Slavonije i Baranje. Prva dva poglavlja odnose se na cjelokupnu osnovu zaštite prava nacionalnih manjina koju je nužno obraditi i predočiti kako bi se isto pravno stanje mogli podvesti pod subjekt i tematiku ovo rada, odnosno albansku nacionalnu manjinu u gradu Osijeku. U trećem se poglavlju, kao uvod u albanski nacionalni identitet u Republici Hrvatskoj, obrađuje albanska nacionalna manjina na području cijele Republike Hrvatske. Zadnje i ključno poglavlje koncipirano je od dva dijela: povijesti albanske nacionalne manjine te realizacije njihovih zajamčenih prava na području grada Osijeka, ali i cijele Osječko-baranjske županije., In this paper, conceptually divided into five chapters, the author examines, analyzes, and, finally, illustrates how the Albanian national minority in the city of Osijek managed to implement their rights which they have under Croatian internal law and order and the order of the international community. The first two chapters relate to the whole basis of the protection of the rights of national minorities,. In the third chapter, there is an introduction to the Albanian national identity in the Republic of Croatia. The last and crucial chapter is conceived of two parts : the history of the Albanian national minority and the realization of their rights in the city of Osijek, but also the whole of Osijek-Baranja County .

Pozornost je autora u ovom radu usmjerena, ponajviše, prema upravnom sporu pune jurisdikcije. Zbog važnosti upravnosudske kontrole činjeničnog stanja i zbog postojanja različitih gledišta po tom pitanju, opširnije se prikazuje spor pune jurisdikcije u francuskom upravnom pravu. U članku se ukazuje na važnost novih činjenica u upravnom sporu, posebno ako iste nedvojbeno pokazuju da su različite od činjeničnog stanja utvrđenog u upravnom postupku. U zaključku rada ukazuje se na promjenivost upravnog spora pune jurisdikcije., The author's attention is focussed mainly on full adjudication administrative dispute. Due to the importance of administrative court control of the facts and due to the existence of varying viewpoints regarding this issue, full adjudication administrative dispute in French administrative law is shown. This paper points out the significance of new facts in administrative dispute in particular if these undoubtedly show that they are different to the facts established in the administrative proceedings. In conclusion, the changeability of full adjudication administrative dispute is shown.

Patient rights Point of view of my dissertation is to look into problems of patient's knowledge of his rights according to the new legislation modification and his satisfaction with observance of that rights. Knowledge of the legislation adjustment helps to effective protection of patient's rights. Antecedent legislation was abolished in recent memory and new legislation number 372/2011 about medical services and conditions of their providing is valid from 1st april 2012. But every new modification of the legislation rules could bring a lot of problems, especially in case of insufficient knowledge of new rules. And it is very important to inform people about their new rights because it could be only small step from a person to a patient. So this legislation modification could protect every of us. Supposed benefit of this document is determination of attitude of the knowledge of wide public and reflections about failings which should be solved in future. This dissertation is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. Theoretical part includes specification of some basic terms, view into legislation and some representative rights of a patient followed by given targets and some hypothesis. Practical part includes results from anonymous questionnaire transformed into graphs and tables Questionnaire was sent electronically and in printed form. As we can see from the results people have good knowledge about their rights and they are relatively satisfied with observance of rights by paramedical staff. Nevertheless they admit existence of some failings which should be eliminated in future. These problems are sometimes made by patients who are afraid to ask explanation if they don't understand to latin terms. Just wrong communication is one of the key failings to which respondents in questionnaire notified. Conclusion includes discussion about failings and suggestions how to solve these situations.

Bachelor thesis The headmaster during the First Republic (1918 - 1938) describes what rights, responsibilities and competences headmaster of school had in the past, which specific activities he had to devote during the school year, and what was his role in the former education system. The work was written on the basis of a detailed study of historical materials and their critical evaluation. The actual content of the work provides information about the actual school director, but also the First Republic system of education at primary schools today. The conclusion of the work summarizes which of the roles of the First Republic headmaster finally prevailed. With regard to administrative duties, which he had been determined, it was mostly about the role of caretaker. Bachelor thesis also confirms that in history is possible to find enlightenment and inspiration.

Stvaranje Evropske unije bespovratno je narušilo tradicionalno ustrojstvo drţava, pa i samog meĊunarodnog poretka. Uspostavljanje strukture koja obuhvata više centara moći u okviru kojih se (ne)ravnopravno donose odluke od znaĉaja za ţivot graĊana, uticalo je na slabljenje nacionalnih, a nedovoljnu samostalnost nadnacionalnog nivoa unutar nje. Stalno pregovaranje i lobiranje na kojima poĉiva Unija pruţa mogućnost za ostvarivanje ciljeva pojedinih interesnih grupa i drţava. Koncept demokratije je ovakvim stanjem najviše izgubio. Pojаm demokrаtije je teško definisаti, isto koliko je komplikovаno pronаći kriterijume za njeno identifikovanje a koji su primjenljivi nа sve politiĉke sisteme. Situаcijа se dodаtno usloţnjаvа kаdа je ove kriterijume neophodno prepoznati u okviru nedovršenog politiĉkog sistema kаkаv je onаj u Evropskoj uniji. Problemi u demokrаtskoj legitimizаciji Unije, koji se jаvljаju uporedo sа uspjesimа u integrаciji, otvаrаju pitаnje primjenljivosti “stаndаrdnog“ modelа demokrаtije nа ovu tvorevinu. Prirodа funkcionisаnjа Evropske unije, u kojoj je na snazi uprаvljаnje nа više nivoа, zаhtijevа prilаgoĊаvаnje demokrаtskih principа njenom specifiĉnom politiĉkom sistemu. Mada ne postoji konsenzus meĊu teoretiĉаrima koji su dali doprinos objašnjavanju pojma demokratije u Evropskoj uniji dа li postoji demokratski deficit unutar nje, kаo ni koji su nаjbolji uslovi zа rаzvoj аutentiĉne demokrаtije u EU, moguće je identifikovati brojne strukturne probleme demokratije u politiĉkom sistemu Evropske unije. U okviru postojećeg institucionаlnog mehаnizmа Evropske unije problemi nastaju usljed isprepletenih nаdleţnosti izmeĊu institucijа i osjetnog jаĉаnjа izvršne u odnosu nа zаkonodаvnu grаnu vlаsti. Centrаlnu ulogu od institucija imа Sаvjet koji funkcioniše po principu meĊuvlаdine sаrаdnje. Prаktiĉno nijednа evropskа politikа ne moţe se usvojiti bez djelovаnjа ove institucije i uplitаnjа drţаvа ĉlаnicа, što Savjet ĉini glavnim zakonodavnim tijelom Unije. Evropski parlament, sa druge strane, iako neposredno izabran, zbog svojih još uvijek ogrаniĉenih nаdleţnosti, i dаlje je glаvni uzroĉnik demokrаtskog deficitа u Uniji. Stoga bi talas demokratizacije institucija Unije trebalo da obuhvati „prelivаnje“ moći sа Sаvjetа nа Evropski pаrlаment i jаĉаnje meĊuinstitucionаlne sаrаdnje izmeĊu Evropskog pаrlаmentа i Evropske komisije. Evropskа unijа nemа ureĊenje poput trаdicionаlne nаcionаlne drţаve. Ne postoji ni demos nа evropskom nivou, te, stoga, nemа ko dа obezbijedi neophodni legitimitet evropskim politikama. Iako je nesumnjivo da politike Evropske unije proizvode velike koristi zа njene grаĊаne, ovа reаlnost, zаjedno sа rаzvijenim mehаnizmimа konsultovаnjа sа grаĊаnimа, ipаk ne umаnjuje kljuĉni problem u komunikаciji Unija – graĎani: mаnjаk аdekvаtnog predstаvljаnjа grаĊаnа, što je zа zаjednicu kojа se u svojim osnivаĉkim dokumentimа deklаriše kаo predstavniĉka ipak nedostаtаk. Ni sаmi grаĊаni ne pokreću politiĉku debаtu o specifiĉnim evropskim pitаnjimа nа nivou koji bi bio izаzov zа nаcionаlne vlаde. Demokrаtskа legitimizаcijа evropskih institucijа zаhtijevа i veću ulogu politiĉkih pаrtijа i njihovu revitаlizаciju nа evropskom nivou, kao i otvoreno politiĉko takmiĉenje koje ukljuĉuje grаĊаne. Proces integrisаnjа zemаljа Evropske unije prouzrokovаo je ozbiljne demokrаtske probleme ne sаmo nа nivou Unije, već i u drţаvаmа ĉlаnicаmа. “Problemi demokratije” u drţavama ĉlanicama koji proizilaze iz funkcionisanja Unije drugаĉije se reflektuju u rаzliĉitim nаcionаlnim politiĉkim sistemimа. Pritisku koji dolаzi od integrisаnjа unutar Evropske unije bolje se prilagoĊavaju drţаve koje imаju federаlno od onih koje imаju unitаrno ureĊenje. Federаlni kаrаkter ureĊenjа u drţаvi već podrаzumijevа više nivoа odluĉivаnjа i decentrаlizаciju vlasti, pа se ovаj sistem lаkše prilаgoĊаvа uprаvljаnju nа više nivoа unutаr Evropske unije. To ne moţe biti sluĉаj sа zemljаmа koje su trаdicionаlno centrаlizovаne. Dalji razvoj Evropske unije moţe ići u pravcu zadrţavanja trenutnih principa integrisanja uz obrazloţenje da su demokratske drţave ĉlanice garant legitimiteta Unije. Na taj naĉin bi i dalje meĊuvladin princip imao primat u odnosu na nadnacionalni. Model koji bi trаnsformisаo Evropsku uniju u zаjednicu demokrаtskog kаrаkterа jeste federаlni. Evropskа unijа posjeduje elemente federalizma, a toj konstrukciji nedostaje kаpаcitet zа oporezivаnje i mogućnost predlaganja izmjena osnivаĉkih, konstitutivnih, ugovora. Trenutno postojanje federalnih elemenata u funkcionisanju Unije ukazuje da njihovo dodatno osnaţivanje neće neminovno dovesti do njene trаnsformаcije u zajednicu federalnog karaktera, ali će svakako uticati na smanjivanje postojećeg demokratskog deficita.Nauĉno-istraţivaĉki pristup korišćen u ovom radu odreĊen je predmetom i ciljevima istraţivanja. Znaĉajnu primjenu imale su metodologija svojstvena politiĉkim naukama, komparativna metoda, analiza sadrţaja dokumenata, kao i specijalizacija. U dokazivanju postavljenih hipoteza primjenu su našle i sinteza, generalizacija, indukcija i dedukcija. The creation of the European Union has irreversibly undermined the traditional establishment of states, including the international order thereof. The establishment of a structure encompassing multiple power centers entailing (un)equal decision making relevant to the lives of citizens, has triggered the downturn in national, subsequently weakening the supranational level of autonomy within it. Constant negotiations and lobbying representing the cornerstones of the Union, provides for an opportunity for achieving the objectives of individual groups and states. In the light of the above, the democracy concept has suffered the most. The democracy concept is difficult to define, being leveraged by the complication in finding criteria for its identification which are applicable to all political systems. The situation is further complicated in case of a need to identify these criteria within an unfinished political system like the one in the European Union. The problems behind democratic legitimization of the Union, arising along with the integration success, are opening up the question of the applicability of "standard" democracy model to this creation. The nature of the European Union functioning governed by the multiple levels management, requires adjustment of the democratic principles to its specific political system. Although there is no consensus among theorists who have contributed to clarifying the democracy concept in the European Union on neither whether there is a democratic deficit within it, nor what are the best conditions for the development of a genuine democracy in the EU, nevertheless it is possible to identify a number of structural problems of democracy in the political system of the European Union. In the framework of existing institutional mechanism of the European Union, the problems arise because of overlapping responsibilities between the institutions and the appreciable strengthening of the executive over the legislative branch of government. The Council plays the central role, operating on the principle of intergovernmental cooperation. Practically not a single European policy may be adopted without the operation of this institution and the interference of the member states, making the Council the leading legislative authority of the Union. The European Parliament, on the other hand, although directly elected, due to its still limited competences, being the main trigger of the democratic deficit in the Union. Thus, the wave of democratization of the EU institutions should include the "spillover" of power from the Council to the European Parliament and strengthening the inter-institutional cooperation between the European Parliament and European Commission. The European Union has not been grounded as the traditional national state. Demos don‟t exist at the European level and, therefore, there is no one to provide the necessary legitimacy of the European policies. Although undoubtedly, the European Union policies are generating great benefits for its citizens, this reality, along with developed mechanisms of consultation with citizens, however, does not reduce the key problem in communication between the Union - citizens: lack of adequate representation of citizens, representing a deficiency having in mind that its founding documents are declaring it as a representative Community. Even the citizens themselves are failing to launch political debate on specific issues at the European level that would be a challenge for the national governments. Democratic legitimization of European institutions requires a greater role of political parties and their revitalization at the European level, as well as open political competition involving the citizens The integration process of the European Union counties has caused serious democratic problems not only at the level of the Union, but also in the member states. "Democracy problems" in the member states deriving from the functioning of the Union are reflected differently in different national political systems. Unlike unitary governments, federal ones are better adapting to the pressure deriving form the integration within the European Union. Federal feature of organization in the state already implies the multiple levels of decision making and decentralization of powers, thus the system is easily adapting to the multiple levels of management within the European Union. This is not the case with countries that are traditionally centralized. The further EU development may be directed in retaining the current integration principles with the rationale that the democratic member states represent legitimacy guarantor of the Union. In the light of the above, the intergovernmental principle should supersede the supranational. However, a model that would transform the EU into a democratic community is federal. The European Union has elements of federalism and this structure lacks the capacity for taxation and possibility of proposing amendments to founding, constitutional contracts. Currently the existence of federal elements in the functioning of the Union is pinpointing that its further strengthening will not inevitably lead to the transformation of the Union into the community with federal character, but will most likely impact on reducing the existing democratic deficit However, the model that would transform the European Union into the Community with democratic feature is the federal one. The European Union has the federalism features, and this structure suffers the lack of taxation capacity and the option of proposing amendments to the founding and constitutional treaties. The current existence of federal elements within the functioning of the Union is implying that its additional strengthening will not inevitably generate the transformation of the Union into the Community of federal feature, yet it will affect the decline in the current democratic deficit. Scientific methods used in this thesis are based on specific topic and research objective. Therefore, the methodology inherent in political science, comparative method, content analysis of documents, as well as specialization are used to a large extent. In proving the hypotheses a great usage has found the synthesis, generalization, induction and deduction.

Any disability can bring disadvantages in many aspects of human lives. This often affects physical, mental and social areas of life. It depends on many circumstances and factors to what extent and at what intensity disability influences the way of life. The research part of my diploma thesis confirms this fact. Not only the type of disability and its prognosis, the personality and his/her ability to handle difficult situations in life, but also the quality of social relationships and the strength of the social safety net are important factors. Irreplaceable role in caring for people with a disability has comprehensive rehabilitation, which helps not only to improve the health condition, to restore job skills and self-sufficiency, but mainly supports a successful return to the home environment as well as to the regular everyday life.The aim of my thesis was to learn about individual life stories of people struggling with a disability of physical functions, whether due to an illness, injury or another disability, resulting in movement disorders, and to find out how the disability affects their lives. I tried to analyze specific aspects of life and social consequences of disability (coping with disabilities,value orientation, interpersonal relationships, future plans, self-realization). The base of my work is the holistic, i.e. bio-psycho-socio-spiritual approach, I respect the individuality of each individual, his/her attitude to life with a handicap (disability).

By the help of filled questionaries I wanted to discover what people can imagine under the term consumer protection, where they can find informations and advices concerning this problems and what are their experiences with reclamations and also with shopping goods on the internet. I was discovering further, how they assess standard of consumer protection in Czech Republic and what can help to some improvement.

The main reason to choose my thesis on "Age as a phenomenon of discrimination and repression of human rights and needs" as a theme of my bachelor thesis are my own experiences that I gained during work experience and job offers in the home care for seniors and hospice. The theoretical part deals with periodization of old age, ageism and its resources, disadvantage of older people in the field of health, social services and employment. I pay attention to the psychosocial needs and rights of older people. The practical part of the thesis deals with the research itself. The aim of the research was to determine the handicaps of the seniors within the population and the possible manifestations of inappropriate treatment in the social services. For the purpose of verifying hypotheses, and meet the given objectives I have used a quantitative method of research evaluation - interviewing. I chose a printed questionnaire as an interrogation technique. There were evaluated 160 questionnaires in total. The sample was population in age between 60 to 90 and more years of district Breclav. The condition for selection of respondents was age greater than 60 years. The respondents were chosen randomly. The results are recorded in charts and tables. Pleasantly surprising for me was finding that seniors said they are not disadvantaged in the society. My bachelor thesis can serve pedagogues, constitutional workers in hospitals and hospices and carers of old people in families.

The thesis is called The Perception of Rights by Children with Mild Mental Retardation and is composed of the theoretical and practical parts. In the first part I deal with the characteristics of mental retardation, its cause, classification, history, the education of these children and their relations with others. The second chapter is focused on significant documents concerning the rights of children and adults with mental retardation. The third chapter concentrates on the research of children{\crq}s rights at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies, South Bohemian University. The theory is followed by the practical part containing the results and discussion with authors. The research was carried out by the method of directed interview (partly standardized method), by means of a questionnaire, which was created by Professor Gary Melton and his team in South Carolina in Columbia. Through this method and also the methodology of A. Saporiti the researches of legal awareness in children of school age, Roma children and the children in institutional care have been in progress since 1999. The research of legal awareness and perception of rights has not been carried out in children with mental retardation yet. The questionnaire contains identification questions (age, sex, and grade) and twelve model situations, where an individual adjudicates rights or not. The interviews were carried out in 116 respondents from three special schools (Havlíčkův Brod, Třeboň, Soběslav). I compared the results with the research of Mgr. Jany Stejskalové, carried out in 2005. The objective and the hypothesis were stated. The objective was to find out the perception of rights by children with mild mental retardation. The objective was fulfilled. The hypothesis was: The legal awareness of children with mild mental retardation increases with the increasing education of their parents. The hypothesis was not proved.

The thesis deals with the attitude of the society towards people with special needs, their rights, integration and kinds of disabilities highlighting the hearing impairment. It further describes how the family accepts a child with special needs, the importance of the early care, family therapy and relationships of the family and people around it. The goal of this thesis is to present the subject of hearing impairment and to draw attention to the problems the deaf child family has to cope. In the practical part the reader can find a survey based on questionnaires filled in by parents of children with a hearing impairment. It focuses mainly on parents, their situation, doctors´approach, the impact such handicap has on family and ways to accept it. Besides the questions in the questionnaire, the parents were given the opportunity to express their experience with children. Findings of the survey are interesting from the point of view of the research in this field and they can also serve as an inspiration to families who find themselves in a similar situation.

The thesis is describing agent in limited liability company. First part is about the company in general, second about the steps that has to be taken before becomming and agent and also how the post can be disolve and then main part of the thesis is focused on the rights and obligations of an agent.

Rad čitatelja najprije uvodi u ključne aspekte rasprave o globalizaciji i njihove kontroverzije, a potom se bavi pitanjem krize nacionalnoga modela građanskoga državljanstva (citizenship). Od devedesetih godina 20. stoljeća vode se rasprave zagovaratelja dviju suprotstavljenih teza. Po jednoj, unatoč globalizacijskim promjenama u ekonomskoj, političkoj i kulturnoj sferi društva, nacionalno državljanstvo pokazalo se umnogome rezistentnim, pa i sposobnim za revitalizaciju. Pojavilo se, barem devedesetih godina, više istraživača koji dokazuju da se u novije vrijeme identitet neke osobe, kao člana neke nacionalne zajednice, postupno razdvajao od njezinih ljudskih i civilnih prava. To je dovelo do ustanovljenja alternativnoga ‘postnacionalnog modela članstva’: pojedinačnih i grupnih prava koja ne ovise o državljanstvu. Prema toj tezi, nacionalne države pretrpjele su fundamentalne transformacije i postale instrumentima za implementiranje međunarodnih konvencija i normi o ljudskim pravima, kao eminentno osobnim, a ne državljanskim pravima. Postoje i pokušaji pomirenja tih suprotstavljenih pozicija. Ti autori priznaju ozbiljnost izazova konvencionalnom nacionalnom modulu građanskoga državljanstva, ali dokazuju da su ti procesi još uvijek ponajprije unutarnje pitanje liberalnih demokracija. Neki najnoviji radovi nastoje izaći izvan uskih i isključivih konceptualnih okvira nacionalne države i postnacionalnoga članstva, pokušavajući objasniti upravo proturječne procese promjena u konstituciji građansko-državljanskih prava. Predlažu se i novi koncepti državljanstva kao odgovor na izazove globalizacije i međunarodnih migracija – kao što je multikulturalni ili supranacionalni. Napokon, postmoderni pisci govore o postmodernom ili kozmopolitskom građanstvu koje nije više neposredno vezano uz nacionalnu državu., The article opens with an introduction to the key aspects of the globalization debates and their controversies, while it later deals with the crisis of the national model of citizenship. Since the 1990’s the debate is between the advocates of two conflicting theses. According to the first camp of authors, citizenship has proven resistant to the globalization changes in the economic, political and cultural sphere, and even capable of revival. On the other side, it has been argued that the identity of a person, as a member of a national community, was gradually separated from its human and civil rights. That led to the establishment of a ‘postnational model of membership’ – individual and group rights independent of citizenship. According to the second camp, the nation state was fundamentally transformed and it has become an instrument for implementation of the international conventions and norms of human rights understood as personal instead of citizenship rights. There are also attempts to reconcile the two standpoints. These authors recognize the challenges to the conventional national mode of citizenship, but argue that the processes of citizenship transformation are primarily an internal issue for the liberal democracies. Some authors try to step out of the narrow and exclusive conceptual frameworks of the nation state and postnational membership, attempting to explain the conflicting transformation processes of citizenship rights. There are also proposals for new concepts of citizenship – a multicultural and a supranational, for example – as a response to the challenges of globalization and international migration. Finally, postmodern writers talk about postmodern or a cosmopolitan citizenship that is not immediately tied to the nation-state.

Predmet rada je cjelovita analiza pravnog uređenja zakupa broda u Republici Hrvatskoj. Detaljno se analiziraju i komentiraju odredbe PZ-a o zakupu broda, a proučavaju se i drugi supsidijarni izvori domaćeg pozitivnog prava, ponajprije odredbe ZOO-a o zakupu te opće odredbe ZOO-a. Iscrpno se obrađuju prava i obveze ugovornih stranaka, a upozorava se na sva važna pitanja koja izravno utječu na njihov opseg i sadržaj. U okviru toga podrobno se proučava njihova ugovorna odgovornost te opisuje kako sudjeluju u rizicima i koristima koji nastaju zakupom broda kao oblikom njegova iskorištavanja. Radi boljeg razumijevanja složenih odnosa koji sklapanjem i izvršavanjem ugovora o zakupu nastaju između ugovornih stranaka, posebno se razmatra pravna priroda tog ugovora te svi njegovi bitni sastojci. Rad obrađuje i ugovorne odnose stranaka iz ugovora o podzakupu broda., This paper analyses the legal regulation of demise charter (bareboat charter) in the Republic of Croatia. The provisions of the Maritime Act on the demise charter of vessels are analysed and discussed in detail, as are other subsidiary sources of the valid domestic law and in particular the provisions of the Law on Obligation dealing with lease, and its general provisions. In the first part of the paper, the definitions of the bareboat charter and of the contractual parties are explained. In order to better understand the very complex relations between the contractual parties arising when entering and exercising a contract, the legal nature of that contract and its main components are analysed in detail. The central part of the paper analyses in depth the rights and obligations of the contractual parties and points to all the important issues impacting on their scope and content. Within this broader issue, the parties’ contractual liability is examined, as well as the way in which the parties participate in the risks and benefits arising from the bareboat charter as a form of its exploitation. The paper also deals with the contractual relations of the parties to the contract arising from the subcharter contract. In the conclusion, various changes are recommended related to the valid regulation of the bareboat charter with respect to the content and terminology in the provisions of the Maritime Act. Such changes could contribute to a better regulation of the bareboat charter in the Croatian law de lege ferenda.

Eberhard Schockenhoff se u svojoj studiji o ljudskom dostojanstvu suočava s tradicionalnim temama o pridijevanju moralnog statusa i moralne zaštite ljudskoj osobi, unapređujući raspravu na relevantnim elementima. Riječ je o izuzetno bogatom tekstu koji se bavi važnom temom. Naravno, ne pronalazim važne mogućnosti osvrta na sadržaj toga teksta u elementima koji mi izgledaju u potpunosti prihvatljivi. Bavit ću se isključivo postavljanjima nekih pitanja koja mi izgledaju još uvijek otvorenim i nakon Schockenhoffova teksta., In his studies of human dignity Eberhard Schockenhoff confronts traditional topics about attributing moral status and moral protection to a human person advancing discussion to relevant elements. This is an exceptional wealthy text that deals with a significant topic. Naturally, the author does not deal with any important factors concerning the writing of the text as far as elements that are completely acceptable are concerned instead dealing exclusively with posing some questions that appear to remain contentious even after reading Schockenhoff's text.

Labeling of mental ill people The mentally disturbed people are still nowadays afraid of theire illness. By then they don´t either concede, that they need help from psychiatrists. They become so anxiuos, that they could be legitimately, stigmatized by the rest of the people, which means, that could be labelled as irresponsible, dull, incalculate and dangerous. In Czech Republic it still happens, that as a result of labeling people find hard to get and mantain theire jobs, housing and overvaluation of illnes by doctors. In Czech Republic there is still not a specific law, which could safeguard the rights of mentally ill people hence make it easier for intergrating them. The aim of this thesis, which was dividen into three partial aims, was to map problems of mentally ill people. In my opinion, this aim of work was fulfilled To it´s fulfillment it was composed with two questionnaires. The first inquiry survey was done on the students from University of Southern Bohemia, by which was tested the knowledge of probles of mentally ill people and their attitude towards these people. The second group of surveyed inquiry have been comprised of psychiatristic clients in České Budějovice and Písek, by which was established their personal point of view about the extent of labeling that is reverberating in their qualiy life. The achievement of the aims was based on three the hypothesis. The first one was about the personal view of clients on experienced stigmatization, which is beeing noticed by the stages of discrimination in their quality way of life. The second one was engaged in insufficient knowledge of students based on law statues of mentally ill people and the third one on integration of mentally ill people into other population. Only the first hypothesis was validated.

Common stocks are easier to describe than fixed-income securities such as bonds, but they are harder to analyse. Fixed-income securities almost always have a limited life and an upper kune limit on cash payments to investors. Common stocks have neither. Although the basic principles of valuation apply to both, the role of uncertainty is larger for common stocks, so much so that it often dominates all other elements in their valuation., Iako se redovite dionice mogu lakše opisati od vrijednosnih papira koji nose fiksnu dobit dospijeća kao npr. dionice, teže ih je analizirati. Vrijednosni papiri fiksne dobiti gotovo uvijek imaju ograničeni vijek te gornju kunsku granicu za gotovinska plaćanja investitorima. Redovite dionice nemaju niti jedno od ovih svojstava. Iako se temeljna načela vrednovanja primjenjuju na oba oblika, kod redovitih dionica je uloga nesigurnosti veća, tako da ona često dominiraju nad ostalim elementima vrednovanja., Es ist viel einfacher die ordentlichen Aktien zu beschreiben als die Wertpapiere mit dem fixen Fälligkeils gewinn wie z.B. Aktien, jedoch ist es schwieriger sie zu analysieren. Die Wertpapiere mit dem fixen Gewinn haben fast immer eine begrenzte Lebensdauer und die oberste Grenze der Kuna für die Barzahlungen an Investoren. Die ordentlichen Aktien haben keine dieser Eigenschaft. Obwohl man die Grundprinzipien der Bewertung an beiden Formen anwendet ist bei den ordentlichen Aktien die Unsicherheitsrolle größer, sodaß sie oft über den anderen Bewertungselementen dominiert.

Ecological Aspects of Globalization - In this paper the development of ecological ideas is presented in correlation with the idea of rights. In parallel with struggle for human rights the awareness is growing that other beings in our environment, as well, and even the planet as a whole, need rights in order to be protected against uncontrolled exploitation and negative consequences of globalization. The spreading of the idea of right, as the central value of globalization, indicates the possibility evolution of the ethical consciousness of humankind. U tekstu je prikazan razvoj ekoloikih ideja u korelaciji sa idejom prava. Uporedo sa borbom za ljudska prava raste svest o tome tla su i drugim bicima u okruZenju, pa i planeti u celini, potrebna prava da bi se zaititili od nekontrolisane eksploatacije inegativnih posledica globalizacije. Sirenje ideje prava, kao srediinje vrednosti globalizacije, pokazuelj je mogucnosti da etitka svest iov et anstva zaista evo luira.

Tekst propituje status bioetičke paradigme u sklopu aktualnih paradigmatskih konjunktura kao što su ekologizam, globalizam, postmodernizam i multikulturalizam. To propitivanje polazi od problematizacije napretka, naime od komparativne analize dvaju općenito prihvaćenih i oprečnih shvaćanja tog pojma te od dvaju oprečnih etičkih stajališta prema napretku. Potom se obrazlaže aktualni trend etizacije znanosti i drugih intelektualnih područja, koji je nastao iz potrebe da se prona|u pouzdaniji oslonci života u doba rizične tehnoznanosti. Izlažu se najznačajniji valovi etizacije te posebno objašnjava etizacija znanosti o životu, koja je potaknuta brzim razvojem biotehnologija. Tekst se, u tom pogledu, usredotočuje na tri ključna motiva bioetičke tematike: problem identiteta, pitanje vladavine nad proizvodima vlastite moći i pitanje pravila (normi, institucija) za djelovanje na tom području. S time su povezane i tri razine etičkog iskustva. Tekst rekapitulira neke najznačajnije konkretne izraze tog normativnog nastojanja i dolazi do zaključka da bioetička tematika, zbog svog jedinstvenog sadržaja, ima izglede da postane središnjom paradigmom nadolazećeg doba., The text deals with the status of bioethical paradigm within actual paradigmatic conjunctures such as ecologism, globalism, postmodernism and multiculturalism. This analysis starts with the idea of progress, i.e. with comparative analysis of two generally accepted but opposite ways of understanding this idea, as well as with two opposite ethical views of progress. Furthermore, the actual trend of etization of science and other intellectual fields is being explained as a trend arisen out of the need to find more reliable support in life in the time of risky technoscience. The most important waves of etization are given and a special emphasis has been put on etization of science of life , which has been stimulated by the quick development of biotechnologies. With respect to this, the text concentrates on three key motifs of bioethical subjects: the problem of identity, the question of controlling the products of one owns power and the question of rules (norms, institutions) for acting in this field. The text recapitulates some of the most important concrete terms of this normative tendency and comes to a conclusion that these bioethical subjects, owing to their unique content, have prospects to become the main paradigm of the coming era., Der Text erwägt den Status des bioethischen Paradigmas im Rahmen der aktuellen paradigmatischen Konjunkturen wie Ökologismus, Globalismus, Postmodernismus und Multikulturalismus. Diese Erwägungen gehen von der Problematisierung des Fortschritts aus, nämlich von der komparativen Analyse zweier allgemein angenohmener und gegensätzlichen ethischen Stellungnahment zum Fortschritt. Danach wird der aktuelle Trend der Ethisierung der Wissenschaft und anderer intellektueller Gebiete begründet. Dieser Trend ist aus dem Bedürfnis entstanden zuverlässigere Lebensstützen in der risikovollen Technowissenschaft zu finden. Die wichtigsten Ethisierungswellen werden ausgelegt, insbesondere wird die Ethisierung der Wissenschaft über das Leben erklärt, die durch die schnelle Entwicklung der Biotechnologie angeregt ist. Der Text konzentriert sich in dieser Hinsicht auf drei Schlüssel–Motive der bioethischen Thematik: das Identitäts problem, die Frage der Regeln (Normen und Institutionen) für die Wirkung auf diesem Gebiet. Damit sind drei Ebenen der ethischen Erfahrung verbunden. Der Text rekapituliert einige wichtigste konkrete Ausdrücke dieser normativen Bestrebung, und kommt zum Schluß, daß die bioethische Thematik wegen ihres einmaligen Inhalts gute Aussichten hat zum Zentralparadigma der kommenden Epoche zu werden.