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This article discusses the impact of topology on the number of loops during macro-re-entrant atrial tachycardia (MRAT). The authors propose a novel theory called the paired loop paradigm, which suggests that the number of loops in MRAT is dependent on the number of holes on the closed surface of the atrium. They conducted simulations and analyzed clinical cases to support their hypothesis. The authors also developed software called DGM-TOP to automatically detect true and suppressed loops. They received an ERC proof-of-concept grant to further test their hypothesis and enhance their software. The ultimate goal is to integrate this approach into existing mapping systems to improve ablation therapy. [Extracted from the article]