Search

Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) is one of the medicinal plants of Anacardiaceae family and widely used as a spice in Iran and Arab countries. Rhus coriaria var. zebaria is a small tree or large shrub, wildly growing in Iraq and described as a new variety with special characteristics. These increase the importance of studying sumac in these areas. Here, the phytochemical variations and the antibacterial activity of 50 accessions of this variety from five different climatic conditions was evaluated in order to identify the best accession to use and the best area for its cultivation. This is the most comprehensive study on this plant. Essential oil compounds were identified using GC-MS method and according to the results, Z, E-2,13-octadecadien, caryophyllene oxide, 2,4-decadienal, E-caryophyllene and nonanoic acid were among the main compounds. Also, the variety is a rich source of minerals including K, Ca, Mg, Na, P, and N. Sumac fruit extract from Akre Xerds had the highest anthocyanin and the lowest amount was from Kavilca region. The radical scavenging effect of extract from Dostic area in the concentration of 400 µg/mL is closer to the effect of ascorbic acid. The largest inhibition was found in the sumac extracted oil of Xasto Zhere area against S. aureus in compared with penicillin and amoxicillin and enrofloxacin antibiotics., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

The current study screened the oil content, fatty acids profile, and antioxidant properties of twelve Iranian sumac fruit accessions. The oil contents were variable among the investigated populations (ranging from 5.15 to 16.70%). Oleic acid (32.3-47.41%), palmitic acid (18.90-36.29%), and linoleic acid (10.31-35.39%) were the predominant fatty acids in the oil samples. According to principal component and cluster analysis, sumac germplasms were categorized into three groups: i.e., group I (five populations rich in linoleic acid), group II (four populations rich in oleic acid), group III (three populations rich in palmitic acid). The highest fruits weight, oil percentage, and linoleic acid content was obtained from Arasbaran population. Arasbaran population possessed the highest ∑PUSFA (i.e, 34.53%) and ∑UNSFA: ∑SFA ratio. Meanwhile, Paveh population possessed the highest antioxidant attributes. Such variabilities provide the possibility of using elite populations containing a high ratio of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant compounds in the food industry., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)