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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem around the world. The incidence rate of HCC is gradually increasing, but its early diagnostic rate remains at a low level. Most patients who present with apparent clinical symptoms have reached the advanced stage, which greatly influences the treatment outcome. In recent years, immunotherapy for HCC has attracted more and more attention, and the change in immune status during the development and progression of HCC has gradually become a research hotspot. This article elaborates on the role of immunosuppressive cells in the development and progression of HCC and points out that in-depth studies on immunosuppressive cells will provide a new direction for immunotherapy for HCC in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]