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Objective: To investigate the performance of human papilloma virus (HPV) typing as a triage tool in the management of patients with postcoital bleeding (PCB). Methods: All patients referred for colposcopy at a cervical pathology clinic of a nationwide health insurance organization, due to PCB and had a preceding high-risk HPV (hrHPV) test between 2018 and 2020, were retrospectively located. Demographic and pathologic data were collected from electronic medical files. Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive value of hrHPV test according to final pathology were calculated. Results: Three hundred ninety patients referred for colposcopy due to PCB with a preceding hrHPV test were located. HrHPV-positive patients were significantly younger (33.7 ± 10 vs. 37.2 ± 9, p < 0.006) with a higher proportion of nulliparous, nonmarried, and smokers compared with hrHPV-negative patients (75% vs. 47%, p < 0.001; 75.4% vs. 45.1%, p < 0.001; and 24.6% vs. 12.8%, p < 0.028, respectively). No case of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) was identified among hrHPV-negative patients. The sensitivity and NPV of the hrHPV test for high-grade cervical lesions were both 100%, decreasing to 36% and 95%, respectively, for any cervical dysplasia (CIN1/CIN2/CIN3). Adding cytology to HPV typing had a negligible effect on test performance. At univariate analysis, age, HPV vaccine status, nulliparity, and positive HPV typing were independently associated with cervical dysplasia. At multivariate analysis, only positive HPV typing remained significantly associated with cervical dysplasia (hazard ratio 2.75, confidence interval 1.1–6.5, p = 0.023). Conclusion: A negative HPV test even in the presence of PCB may rule out cervical dysplasia with extremely high accuracy and may save unnecessary colposcopies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the use of manipulators on the outcome of women who had minimally invasive surgery for endometrial cancer. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients operated with or without an intrauterine manipulator. Results: Six hundred ninety-nine patients were included. The median follow-up was 44 months (range, 29–67). Nineteen (8.8%) patients had positive cytology in the manipulator group versus 21 (4.4%) in the comparison group (p = 0.02). Total recurrence rate was similar between the groups (12.3% vs. 11.9%; p = 0.8). Vaginal vault recurrence was the most common site of recurrence with higher incidence in the manipulator group (4.5% vs. 1.3%; p = 0.007). Subgroup analysis of low-risk patients who did not receive adjuvant treatment showed higher recurrence rate (8.3% vs. 3%; p = 0.023) and worse disease-free survival (p = 0.01) for the manipulator group. After controlling for other variables, the use of a manipulator did not affect the risk of recurrence for the whole cohort (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; confidence interval [95% CI], 0.7–2.1, p = 0.3) and for the low-risk subgroup of patients who did not receive adjuvant treatment (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 0.8–7, p = 0.08). Conclusion: The use of a manipulator increases the risk of positive cytology as well as vaginal vault recurrences, but it does not reduce the overall survival of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe trends and ethnic differences in incidence of gynecologic cancer in Israel.Methods: In the present retrospective epidemiologic study, age-standardized rates (ASRs) rates of gynecologic malignancies that occurred between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2013, were extracted from the Israeli National Cancer Registry. The annual percent change (APC) was calculated separately for Jewish and Arab patients for ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers.Results: Among Jewish patients, the ASR of ovarian cancer decreased (APC -2.27%, 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.7 to -1.84; P<0.001), the ASR of endometrial cancer increased (APC 1.50%, 95% CI 0.87-2.14; P<0.001), and the ASR of cervical cancer did not change (P=0.737). Among Arab patients, the ASRs of ovarian and cervical cancer did not change (P=0.181 and P=0.575, respectively), and the ASR of endometrial cancer increased (APC 1.98%, 95% CI 0.15-3.85; P=0.021).Conclusions: Between 1993 and 2013, the incidence of gynecologic malignancies showed different trends among Jewish and Arab populations. Endometrial cancer increased among both populations and ovarian cancer decreased among Jewish patients. ASR of cervical cancer was low and stable among both Jewish and Arab groups. These trends could reflect differences in lifestyle and exposure to risk factors associated with each malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Accidental dural puncture (ADP) during epidural analgesia is a debilitating complication. Symptoms of ADP post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) are headache while rising from supine to upright position, nausea, and neck stiffness. While age, gender and needle characteristics are established risk factors for ADP, little is known about risk factors in laboring women.Methods: All cases of ADP during epidural analgesia treated with blood-patching during a 3-years period were retrospectively reviewed. Each case was matched to two controls according to delivery period.Results: Forty-nine cases of blood patches after ADP out 17 977 epidural anesthesia procedures were identified (0.27%). No differences were found between cases and controls with regards to body mass index, labor stage at time of epidural, length of second stage, location of epidural along the lumbar vertebrae, anesthesiologist's experience or time when epidural was done. In cases of ADP, significantly lower doses of local anesthetics were injected (10.9 versus 13.5 cc, p < 0.001); anesthesiologists reported significantly more trials of epidurals (70 versus 2.8% more than one trial, p < 0.001), more patient movement during the procedure (13 versus 0%, p < 0.001), more intra-procedure suspicion of ADP (69 versus 0%, p < 0.001) and more cases where CSF/blood was drawn with the syringe (57 versus 2.4%, p < 0.001).Conclusion: ADP during labor is a rare but debilitating complication. Risk factors for this iatrogenic complication include patient movement and repeated epidural trials. Intra-procedure identification of ADP is common, allowing early intervention with blood patching where indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Evaluate whether the incorporation of the refugees into the Israeli medical system resulted in improvements in perinatal outcomes, namely a reduction in the number of preterm deliveries and a decrease in NICU admissions.Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Electronic medical records of all African immigrants who delivered in our tertiary referral center between January 2018 and September 2019 were reviewed. African patients' demographics, maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared to those of native Israeli population. In addition, the results were compared to the cohort from our previous study from 2010.Results: A total of 20,796 deliveries took place at our labor and delivery department during the study period. Of these, 3% of all deliveries were of African refugees. Total rates of preterm deliveries <37 weeks was similar between groups, while rate of premature deliveries <34 week was higher among refugees. Rates of extreme prematurity <28 weeks were also similar between groups. Rate of meconium stained amniotic fluid, neonatal weight <2000 g as well as NICU admissions were significantly higher among refugees.Conclusion: Though perinatal results have not substantially improved with the incorporation of a refugee population into a healthcare system, some progression has indeed been achieved in some perinatal parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]