1. Genome Evolutionary Dynamics Meets Functional Genomics: A Case Story on the Identification of SLC25A44
- Author
-
Behrooz Darbani
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Candidate gene ,Amino Acid Transport Systems ,Gene clusters ,Ubiquinone ,Xenopus ,electron transfer chains ,resveratrol ,Genome ,0302 clinical medicine ,para-coumaric acid ,Biology (General) ,Spectroscopy ,Phylogenetic tree ,Para-coumaric acid ,General Medicine ,Computer Science Applications ,Housekeeping gene ,Chemistry ,Genomic co-localization ,Functional genomics ,QH301-705.5 ,gene clusters ,Biological Transport, Active ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Article ,Catalysis ,Candidate genes ,Electron transfer chains ,Evolution, Molecular ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,Inorganic Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gene organization ,SLC25 subfamily 44 ,ubiquinone ,Animals ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Evolutionary dynamics ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,QD1-999 ,Flavonoids ,Solute Carrier Proteins ,Genome, Human ,Organic Chemistry ,candidate gene ,genomic co-localization ,030104 developmental biology ,Resveratrol ,flavonoids ,gene organization ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Function (biology) - Abstract
Gene clusters are becoming promising tools for gene identification. The study reveals the purposive genomic distribution of genes toward higher inheritance rates of intact metabolic pathways/phenotypes and, thereby, higher fitness. The co-localization of co-expressed, co-interacting, and functionally related genes was found as genome-wide trends in humans, mouse, golden eagle, rice fish, Drosophila, peanut, and Arabidopsis. As anticipated, the analyses verified the co-segregation of co-localized events. A negative correlation was notable between the likelihood of co-localization events and the inter-loci distances. The evolution of genomic blocks was also found convergent and uniform along the chromosomal arms. Calling a genomic block responsible for adjacent metabolic reactions is therefore recommended for identification of candidate genes and interpretation of cellular functions. As a case story, a function in the metabolism of energy and secondary metabolites was proposed for Slc25A44, based on its genomic local information. Slc25A44 was further characterized as an essential housekeeping gene which has been under evolutionary purifying pressure and belongs to the phylogenetic ETC-clade of SLC25s. Pathway enrichment mapped the Slc25A44s to the energy metabolism. The expression of peanut and human Slc25A44s in oocytes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains confirmed the transport of common precursors for secondary metabolites and ubiquinone. These results suggest that SLC25A44 is a mitochondrion-ER-nucleus zone transporter with biotechnological applications. Finally, a conserved three-amino acid signature on the cytosolic face of transport cavity was found important for rational engineering of SLC25s.
- Published
- 2021
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