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In this study, the RSM technique is used to estimate the highest biodiesel yield with respect to different parameters such as reaction temperature, molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and reaction time were considered. Algae oil, gathered from lakes and ponds, was the primary raw material used for this work. Algae oil production was warmed to 180 degrees Celsius to remove moisture before filtration using sterile method to remove solid contaminants. In order to determine appropriate reaction parameters, preheat-assisted in real time transesterification was performed. Response surface methodology with a central composite design was utilized to test various experimental circumstances. The catalyst concentration (6-12 wt.%) and reaction duration (3-5 hr) were the two independent variables. The highest biodiesel production was found below optimized conditions of 12 wt.% catalyst concentration and 5 H reaction time with constant methanol concentration (15 ml), yielding 89.5%. Biodiesel yield is comparing with 2d graphical representation on reaction temperature vs catalyst concentration. From the 2d surface which understand the biodiesel yield is increased due the reaction temperature at 2.3 percentage (i.e.) 62.5°C to 65°C and Catalyst concentration (wt. %) at 4.9 percentage (i.e.) 9.8 wt.% to 11.5 wt.%. The objective of the research has produced low-cost feedstock with the highest yield for the algae methyl ester production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the response surface methodology (RSM) optimization technique was used to look at the effects of load, Pumpkin Methyl Ester (PME), and compression ratio enhanced diesel on engine performance and exhaust emission. Biodiesel blend PME (20, 40, and 60%) and compression ratio (16.5, 17.5, and 18.5) were chosen to get the maximum BTE and the least BSFC, NOx, CO, smoke, and HC. The engine was run using the RSM method, which was based on the load (0–100%). The findings showed that the load, the PME, and the compression ratio concentration of the engine had a big effect on the response variables. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the built quadratic models showed that each model was a good fit. Also, an optimal was found by making sure that the user-defined historical plan of an experiment was as good as it could be. The perfect study factors were a load of 50%, a PME Blend of 40%, and a compression ratio of 17.5%. This gave a maximum BTE of 32.5%. When the load is 100%, the PME Blend is 40, and the compression ratio is 16.5, the fuel use goes down by 0.2 kg/kW.h. CO and HC emissions went up by 28.34% and 20.66%, while smoke and NOx emissions went down by 14.09% and 42.04%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emissions and efficiency of a Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) engine running on a waste plastic oil (WPO) biodiesel blend were analyzed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The feasibility of optimizing engine input parameters including injection pressure (IP), load, and Enhanced Gas Recirculation (EGR) ratio was discovered to improve operating aspects of the CRDI engine. Authors selected engine outputs of Break Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), and Hydro Carbon (HC) for analysis. The optimal engine responses have been determined using multi-objective optimization using a desirability function. Authors found that at full throttle, the engine's optimal responses were 23.1689%, 0.664871 kJ/kW.hr, 34.7429% ppm, and 633.733 ppm of BTE, BSFC, HC and NOx, respectively. The composites' attractiveness was a perfect one when the engine was working smoothly. At an inlet pressure of 570.7 bar, a load of 59.1073%, and an EGR ratio of 5.41957, the engine performed optimally. Optimized engine input settings were verified by performing confirmation studies. The allowable error range (5%) of the output replies at optimal input values is empirically validated. The results of this research show that the engine's characteristics can be accurately predicted by using the mathematical model that was constructed for this purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]