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Research has demonstrated that systematic preoperative oral hygiene reduces nosocomial infections after elective thoracic surgery. However, the impact of preoperative oral hygiene on patients undergoing urologic procedures is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of systematic preoperative oral hygiene on prescriptions with antibiotics following cystectomy or urethroplasty. A quasi‐experimental study design included all patients undergoing elective radical cystectomy or urethroplasty from 1 January 2018 to 31 May 2021. Patients undergoing cystectomy or urethroplasty were grouped into a prospective intervention group and a retrospective control group. Patients in the intervention group were admitted from 1 January 2020 to 31 May 2021, and were recommended to brush their teeth and rinse their mouths with chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12% four times a day starting 2 days before surgery and continuing until the morning of the operation. Patients admitted from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019 received no oral hygiene recommendations and were used as a retrospective control group. Data on oral hygiene performance were self‐reported and collected at admission and data on prescription of antibiotics were collected through the patients' records. The relative risk was calculated to report the effect of the intervention. In total, 39 patients with cystectomy were in the intervention group, whereas 31 were in the control group. For patients having urethroplasty, 27 were in the intervention group and 98 were in the control group. The effect of oral hygiene on the prescription of antibiotics for patients who completely adhered to the oral hygiene recommendations showed a relative risk of 0.554 (95% CI 0.333–0.921) p = 0.02 for cystectomy and 0.825 (95% 0.308–2.209) p = 0.70 for urethroplasty. This study showed a statistically significant reduction in the prescription of antibiotics following oral hygiene recommendations for patients undergoing cystectomy. However, no statistically significant effect was demonstrated for patients undergoing urethroplasty. Despite this result, it seems important to be aware of oral hygiene in patients undergoing surgery to potentially reduce the number of infections and the use of antibiotics because of the antimicrobial resistance that the healthcare system faces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The maintenance of physical distance, the absence of relatives and the relocation of registered nurses to COVID-19 units presumably affects nursing care at non-COVID-19 units. Using a qualitative design, this study explored registered nurses' experiences of how COVID-19 influenced nursing care in non-COVID-19 units at a Danish university hospital during the first wave of the virus. The study is reported using the COREQ checklist. The analysis offered two findings: (1) the challenge of an increased workload for registered nurses remaining in non-COVID-19 units and (2) the difficulty of navigating the contradictory needs for both closeness to and distance from patients. The study concluded that several factors challenged nursing care in non-COVID-19 units during the COVID-19 pandemic. These may have decreased the amount of contact between patients and registered nurses, which may have contributed to a task-oriented approach to nursing care, leading to missed nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A divergence exists between registered nurses' (RNs') intention to document together with the patient and their actual documentation practice; a practice that also diverges from official intentions of patient participation. This study aimed to explore and describe RNs' reflected experiences on patient participation in nursing documentation. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted based on three focus groups with 14 registered nurses from an acute medical ward. Content analysis and conversational analysis were performed. The reporting adhered to the COREQ checklist. The findings showed that nurses made little mention of patient participation in nursing documentation due to challenges in meeting both the patients' expected needs and nurses' needs. However, patient participation was important for time accurate and summative nursing documentation. This study adds to a critical debate on patient participation and contributes to a practice-based understanding of the challenges that registered nurses experience concerning patient participation in nursing documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To explore patients' experiences of situational awareness in the outpatient encounter when they are informed about the diagnosis of breast cancer or malignant melanoma. Background: Patients enter a stressful situation when receiving a diagnosis of breast cancer or malignant melanoma, and research indicates that needs are most prominent at this time. However, healthcare professionals often fail to address these needs adequately. It is unclear how patients experience situational awareness practised to meet their fundamental needs in the encounter when they are informed about the diagnosis of cancer. Design: This study used a phenomenological hermeneutical approach. Methods: Nine semi‐structured interviews with patients being diagnosed with breast cancer or malignant melanoma were performed. The interpretation theory of Paul Ricoeur guided the analysis. The study is presented in line with the COREQ checklist. Results: The analysis resulted in three themes: 1) "Being accompanied" refers to how patients need information to be targeted to them as individuals. 2) "Being seen" points to HCPs' exploration of the patients' perspectives to get an understanding of their preferences. 3) "Being taken care of" indicates that patients feel supported if situational awareness is practised by the healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Practicing situational awareness in the outpatient encounter is essential to patients' experience of feeling accommodated or rejected. Patients feel rejected when their fundamental needs are not met while experiencing situational awareness seems to accommodate fundamental needs and pre‐empt an inappropriate patient outcome. Relevance to clinical practice: HCPs need to acknowledge the importance of using a structured approach to meeting patients' fundamental needs in a stressful situation. Each patient is different and may experience different needs in encounters where they are receiving the diagnosis of breast cancer or malignant melanoma. Therefore, treatment and care must be tailored to the individual patient based on a caring relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients and their caregivers are expected to take joint responsibility for reporting symptoms and seeking medical assistance, for example, by calling oncology emergency telephones or other helplines during a cancer trajectory. Research objective: The aim was to explore the meaning of responsibility as it appeared in patients' or caregivers' experiences of calling an oncological emergency telephone. Design, participants and context: Inspired by qualitative description and qualitative content analysis, a secondary analysis of data from interviews with 12 participants calling the oncological emergency telephone at a Danish university hospital was performed. Ethical considerations: The project observes demands for safekeeping data and all regulations concerning research ethics in agreement with the Nordic Nurses Federation and the Danish Health Act. Findings: Two main themes emerged: (1) to act responsibly as a patient or caregiver was to 'be watchful and alert', 'report symptoms the right way' and 'do crosschecking' and (2) to deal with the burden of responsibility was to 'feel safe when dealing with the burden of responsibility' and 'be relieved from the burden of responsibility'. Discussion: Too much responsibility and a potential imbalance between healthcare professionals' expectations and callers' knowledge and capacity to act may place additional burdens on the callers, which may be eased by person-centred care. Conclusion: The meaning of responsibility appeared in the participants' capacity to act, where they observed, assessed and reported symptoms and controlled prescribed treatments as well as shared or handed over the responsibility to the healthcare providers. Thus, the analysis provided essential knowledge for healthcare professionals on how patients and caregivers handle this responsibility when faced with a cancer disease that is treated on an outpatient basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Giving birth prematurely challenges bonding, optimal parent-child interactions and parental confidence in the early care of their preterm infants. In this study we explored the short-term impact of a parent administered motor intervention programme on parents' perception of competency and relationship building with their preterm infant. Methods: We conducted 11 interviews at infant age term and three months corrected age, involving parents of seven preterm infants who had performed the functional movement intervention programme in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. A phenomenological-hermeneutical analysis was conducted. Results: After implementing the intervention, the parents were no longer fearful of moving their babies and expressed heightened awareness of their infant's responses and competency. The parents enjoyed the infants' positive responses to handling and movement and this reinforced attachment between the parent and the child. The parents felt empowered by taking control of decision-making and by being more interactive with their child. Their role in contributing to the infant's development was empowering in itself. Conclusion: Overall, the parent administered intervention programme had a substantial positive impact on parent-infant bonding and parents' perceptions of empowerment and competency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Evidence pertaining to whether more recent born generations of adults reaching old age have better physical capability than previous generations is scarce and inconclusive. We aimed to investigate birth cohort differences in grip strength.Methods: The study comprised 5,595 individuals from the Tromsø study waves in 1994/1995, 2007/2008, and 2015/2016. Grip strength (bar) was measured using a Martin vigorimeter, and compared across three birth cohorts of 66- to 84-year-olds (born in: 1910-1929, 1923-1942, 1931-1949), as well as within narrower age bands to ensure nonoverlapping cohorts. Linear regression was applied, adjusted for age, education, smoking, physical activity, height, and weight.Results: Grip strength increased across birth cohorts, and the increase was similar within narrower age bands and across genders. Overall, the increase in sex-adjusted mean grip strength when comparing the first and latest born cohorts, born 21 years apart, was 0.06 bar (95% CI 0.04, 0.07). Higher educational levels, and greater height and weight in the most recent born cohort explained 48% of this difference, while reduced smoking and physical inactivity in more recent born cohorts had little impact.Conclusions: Our findings suggest higher grip strength in more recent birth cohorts of older Norwegian adults, which can be partly attributed to higher education and greater height. This difference corresponded to a 5-year difference in grip strength; more recent born generations of 80-year-olds, therefore, have similar mean grip strength as 75-year-olds born one generation earlier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To describe and discuss the process of integrating the Fundamentals of Care framework in a baccalaureate nursing education at a School of Nursing in Denmark. Background: Nursing education plays an essential role in educating nurses to work within healthcare systems in which a demanding workload on nurses results in fundamental nursing care being left undone. Newly graduated nurses often lack knowledge and skills to meet the challenges of delivering fundamental care in clinical practice. To develop nursing students’ understanding of fundamental nursing, the conceptual Fundamentals of Care framework has been integrated in nursing education at a School of Nursing in Denmark. Design and methods: Discursive paper using an adjusted descriptive case study design for describing and discussing the process of integrating the conceptual Fundamentals of Care Framework in nursing education. Results: The process of integrating the Fundamentals of Care framework is illuminated through a description of the context, in which the process occurs including the faculty members, lectures, case‐based work and simulation laboratory in nursing education. Based on this description, opportunities such as supporting a holistic approach to an evidence‐based integrative patient care and challenges such as scepticism among the faculty are discussed. Conclusion: It is suggested how integration of Fundamentals of Care Framework in lectures, case‐based work and simulation laboratory can make fundamental nursing care more explicit in nursing education, support critical thinking and underline the relevance of evidence‐based practice. The process relies on a supportive context, a well‐informed and engaged faculty, and continuous reflections on how the conceptual framework can be integrated. Relevance to clinical practice: Integrating the Fundamentals of Care framework can support nursing students’ critical thinking and reflection on what fundamental nursing care is and requires and eventually educate nurses in providing evidence‐based fundamental nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Early identification of children at high risk of future neurodevelopmental disability is important for the initiation of appropriate therapy. In research settings, the assessment of fidgety movements (FMs) at 3 months supports a general movement assessment (GMA) as a strong predictor for subsequent motor development, but there are few studies from routine clinical settings. Objective. The study objective was to examine the relationship between FMs and neurodevelopmental outcome by the age of 2 years in high-risk infants in a routine hospital clinical setting. Design. This was a prospective study. Methods. A GMA was performed in 87 high-risk infants at 3 months after term age. The infants were clinically assessed for cerebral palsy (CP) at 2 years. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and positive and negative predictive values were computed. The relative risk of motor problems by the age of 2 years, according to the GMA, was estimated. Results. Of the infants with normal FMs, 93% (50/54) had normal development and none was diagnosed with CP, whereas 75% (12/16) with abnormal or sporadic FMs had normal development. In contrast, 53% (9/17) of those without FMs had CP. When the GMA was considered to be a test for CP and absent FMs were considered to be a positive test result, the sensitivity was 90% and the specificity was 90%. The likelihood ratios for positive and negative test results were 8.7 and 0.1, respectively. The negative predictive value was 99%, and the positive predictive value was 53%. The risk of motor problems by the age of 2 years increased linearly with the extent of pathological results on the GMA and was 10 times higher when FMs were absent at 3 months than when FMs were normal. Limitations. The relatively small study sample was a study limitation. Conclusions. When applied in a routine clinical setting, the GMA strongly predicted neurodevelopmental impairments at 2 years in high-risk infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are few studies on possible effects of physiotherapy for adults with muscular dystrophy. The aim of this study was to examine if treatment based on the Bobath concept may influence specific gait parameters in some of these patients. A single-subject experimental design with A-B-A-A phases was used, and four patients, three with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) and one with fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), were included. The patients had 1 hour of individually tailored physiotherapy at each working day for a period of 3 weeks. Step length, step width and gait velocity were measured during the A-B-A-A phases by use of an electronic walkway. Walking distance and endurance were measured by use of the '6 minute walk test'. The three LGMD patients, who initially walked with a wide base of support, had a narrower, velocity-adjusted step width after treatment, accompanied with the same or even longer step length. These changes lasted throughout follow-up. Moreover, two of the patients were able to walk a longer distance within 6 minutes after the treatment period. The fourth patient (with FSHD) had a normal step width at baseline, which did not change during the study. The results indicate that physiotherapy treatment based on the Bobath concept may influence the gait pattern in patients with LGMD. However, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy to patients with muscular dystrophies, we call for larger studies and controlled trials. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine test-retest reliability of the TIMPSI in infants at risk for impaired functional motor performance.Methods: The TIMPSI was administered twice to 51 infants from two different hospitals in Norway.Results: The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.99.Conclusion: Test-retest reliability of the TIMPSI was excellent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]