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Aims and objectives This study investigated the relationship between somatic symptoms, sleep disturbance and psychological distress in women who underwent oocyte pick-up and in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer. Background According to worldwide research, women receiving assisted reproductive technologies may suffer from somatic and psychological symptoms and even experience sleep disturbance. Apparently, the guilt of infecundity forces Asian women to conceal this scenario and delay the time at which they accept medical assistance and mental support. Design A longitudinal study. Methods The subjects in this study were infertile female patients who received oocyte pick-up and in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer therapies in a hospital in northern Taiwan. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire, including somatic symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a five-item brief symptom rating scale. Data were analysed using the McNemar's test, Wilcoxon Sign Rank and fully entered multiple regression with spss version 20.0 software. Results The mean age of 100 participants was 34·54 ( SD = 3·94) years old. They experienced abdominal distention, breast engorgement, nausea, faintness, diarrhoea, sleep disturbance and psychological distress when they received in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer; these results were apparently higher than those receiving oocyte pick-up. In addition, sleep disturbance was the most significant factor involved in psychological distress during oocyte pick-up and in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer therapies. The most serious indicator of the women's psychological distress during oocyte pick-up and in vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer treatment is anxiety. Conclusions Sleep disturbance was the most significant factor involved in the psychological distress of women having problems with conception. Relevance to clinical practice Assisted reproductive technologies nurses can assess women's psychological distress by caring for their sleep disturbance without directly exploring their mood state. Moreover, these medical personnel should understand infertile female patients' psychological distress is mainly associated with their sleep disturbance. Developing various strategies to improve both sleep quality and psychological distress for infertile female patients should be recognised in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explore sleep quality in infertile women and examine the factors that contribute to sleep disturbances during intrauterine insemination treatment. Background Sleep disturbance is an important factor of human health and well-being. Sleep disturbances tend to occur among infertile women during intrauterine insemination treatment. Although many studies have focused on the high percentage of somatic symptoms and psychological distress in infertile women associated with their treatment, few studies have investigated factors linked to their sleep disturbances. Design A cross-sectional study. Methods The study was conducted during the period of September 2010- January 2011 in a teaching hospital in Taiwan. Infertile women ( n = 117) who received assisted reproduction with intrauterine insemination treatment completed a questionnaire. Demographic data, somatic symptoms, psychological distress and perceived sleep quality were collected. Results More than one-third (35%) of the infertile women reported having sleep disturbances. Their nausea symptoms and psychological distress were risk factors that contributed to sleep disturbance. Conclusions The variables of nausea and psychological distress significantly explained 30% of the sleep disturbances in the infertile women. The evaluation of nausea symptoms and/or psychological distress among infertile women is an important area of future research; such research should aim to identify the best compromise between infertility treatment and sleep quality. Relevance to clinical practice Clinical obstetrics and gynaecology nurses should develop strategies to help infertile women reduce their nausea symptoms and psychological distress during intrauterine insemination treatment to promote healthy sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Treatment with opioid agonists is effective for opioid use disorder, but early discontinuation of treatment is a major obstacle to success. Intensive longitudinal methods - which take many repeated measurements over time, usually in the field- have provided unique insight into the effects of stress, mood and craving on drug use while people are being treated; these methods might also be useful for studying the processes that lead people to drop out of treatment.Methods: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was conducted for up to 17 weeks by obtaining multiple electronic diary entries per day from 238 participants being treated with methadone or buprenorphine-naloxone. Survival analysis was used to study two outcomes: dropping out of treatment and noncompliance with EMA self-report requirements. Self-reports of stress, craving, and mood were used as time-varying predictors. Demographic and psychosocial variables measured with the Addiction Severity Index at the start of treatment were used as time-invariant predictors.Results: Dropping out of treatment was more likely in participants with more reported hassles (a measure of stress), higher levels of cocaine craving, lower levels of positive mood, a recent history of emotional abuse, a recent history of being bothered frequently by psychological problems, and with buprenorphine rather than methadone as their medication. In contrast, study noncompliance was not significantly associated with any of the variables analyzed.Conclusions: Assessment of stress, craving and mood during treatment might identify people who are at greater risk of dropping out, and therapeutic interventions targeting these processes might increase retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Stress can be validly assessed "live" or by a summary evaluation of the very recent past. Using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) combined with end-of-day (EOD) entries, we assessed the association between daily hassles, stressful events and use of opioids and cocaine, in opioid- and cocaine-using men and women.Methods: For up to 16 weeks, 161 outpatients in opioid-agonist treatment who reported cigarette smoking carried smartphones on which they reported stressful events (SEs) and drug use (DU) and completed an EOD questionnaire to report hassles encountered throughout the day, current perceived stress, cigarettes/day, and current mood. We compared EOD responses on days with and without SE and DU reports and on days when thrice-weekly urine drug screens indicated opioid or cocaine use or abstinence.Results: Participants (N = 161) made 11,544 EOD entries; EMA SEs were reported on 861 (7.5%) days, and DUs on 1685 (14.6%) days. The most frequently reported hassles in EOD entries were "not enough money" (31.4% of daily reports) and maintaining abstinence (18.7%). Total EOD hassles showed small but statistically significant associations [odds ratios (95% CIs)] with EMA SEs [1.09 (1.06-1.13)], DUs [1.08 (1.06-1.10)], and urine-positive opioid [1.06 (1.04-1.09)] and cocaine [1.03 (1.00-1.06)] results. Men and women had similar rates (mean/day (SD)) of hassles: men 2.25 (3.55); women 2.55 (3.76) (F1,159 = 0.53, p = 0.47).Conclusions: Daily hassles, reported at the end of the day, are associated with both same-day stressful events and drug use. Monitoring hassles and devising specific coping strategies might be useful therapeutic targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]