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The article reports on an international collaboration to develop and assess bacteriocins to combat Campylobacter and Salmonella, address the global issue of avian influenza and characterize new avian influenza and Newcastle disease. Through funding and coordination by the U.S. Department of State, the Moscow, Russia-based International Science and Technology Center and the U.S. Agricultural Research Service's Office of International Research Programs, several teams are collaborating with their Russian Federation and Kazakhstan counterparts on various projects.

Reports on issues discussed at the Chemical Science and Commercialization Conference in Moscow, Russia in September 2004. Challenges to commercial collaboration in Russia and Eurasia; Focus of the researches presented at the conference; Benefits of working on a project through the International Science and Technology Center to Dow Chemical Co. and DuPont.

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Opinion. Advances the case for Western support of scientific education and research in Russia. Consequences of outward migration of Russian talent; Example of the International Science Foundation funded by George Soros; Strengthening of the research capacity of public universities.

Higher education in Russia is not able to provide the science personnel and research that the country needs for its future economic well-being. Urgent changes are needed to improve the situation, not least among them being significant increases in the salaries of scientists, bringing Russian science into line with world standards of scientific research, and linking science and business more closely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Science and technology can play a crucial role in the long-term for the modernization of Russia and the armed forces, and many government initiatives have been approved but their implementation can be questioned. Russia has a strong science base into which it invests substantial funds, but that only to a limited extent generates competitive innovative products and services. The government still hopes the defense sector can be the driving force for innovation that is questioned in this article. The civilian research and development could be the driving force needed for promoting innovations but the problems that remain for the civilian science and technology sector are significant. The reform of the defense industry has been a long-time priority but very slow progress is being made due to difficulties to control it and because the problems facing the defense industries and research and development are even more serious in this sector in spite of large funding increases. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article offers information concerning research and development in high-technology sectors of metallurgy industry at the Department of Metallurgy and Strength Physics at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys in Moscow, Russia. Discussing solutions to important problems in the physics of deformation and fracture, it informs that new methods have been developed on the basis of the stochastic mesomechanics of deformation and fracture.

Because global climate change is intimately linked to culture, anthropologists are strategically well- placed to interpret it, communicate information about it, and act in response to it both in the field and at home. Fieldworkers are increasingly encountering reports of the local effects of climate change from their research partners, and it is becoming apparent that indigenous peoples' recognized capacity for adaptation to change may not be sufficient to cope with these effects. Fieldwork among Viliui Sakha of northeastern Siberia suggests an action-oriented approach to anthropological climate change research that begins by developing cultural models of the local effects of global climate change, goes on to fill in the gaps with Western scientific knowledge, and ends with the dissemination of that information and its use for the development of adaptive strategies, policy recommendations, and advocacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports that George Soros' International Science Foundation (ISF) is offering its help to other Western agencies interested to support scientists in Russia. European agency INTAS' reservations over the offerings of ISF; ISF's system for transferring research funds and scientific equipment to Russian scientists; History of ISF; Funding and network of scientists.

The article focuses on souring relations between Russia and Western countries and how Russian President Vladimir Putin's isolationism and anti-Western rhetoric may negatively impact Russian science. It states Russian research institutes and universities have started to instruct scientists to gain permission from the Federal Security Services prior to submitting papers or giving talks at scientific conferences. It mentions concerns of foreign-funded foundations they could be placed on a list of undesirable organizations.

Discusses the status of scientific research in Russia as of November, 2000. Lack of funding and updated equipment for scientists; Loss of prestige for the scientific profession; Plans of Russian president Vladimir Putin to make science a priority; Opinion that Russia needs outside help to rebuild its science and technologies industries.