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The current study aims at forming new prediction models to be employed in the approximating the possible uptake of a range of 10 heavy metals (HMs) (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) by Hordeum vulgare tissues including roots, shoots and grains following its growth in soil amended with sewage sludge (SS) using conditions employed in greenhouses. The present study determined an insignificant difference between the actual and predicted quantities of the HMs in the three tissues using t values. The majority of the predicted quantities of the HMs were acceptable with the exception of Cd in the shoots, Cu in grains and Pb in roots. Consequently, it is possible to use these models in assessing the cultivation of barley plants in soil amended with SS in a safe way, while simultaneously monitoring any potential risks to the health of humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to develop mathematical regression equations for predicting the uptake of selected heavy metals (HMs: Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn) by Corchorus olitorius L. cultivated in soil mixed with sewage sludge based on the concentration of these HMs in the soil–sludge mixture, soil organic matter (OM), and soil pH. The resultant regression equations reflected that the three soil factors were significant predictors for the uptake of the ten HMs in the plant tissues. Applying the t test, there are no significant differences between the actual and predicted values of the ten HMs in C. olitorius root and shoot (p >.05), which reflect the best‐fitting of these equations for predicting the uptake of these HMs. Such types of equations may be helpful for evaluating the risk of cultivation due to precise prediction of C. olitorius (leafy vegetable) uptake of HMs, in soil mixed with sewage sludge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prediction models were developed to estimate the extent to which the metals Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were taken up by the fruits, the leaves, the stems, and the roots of the okra plant, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench., grown under greenhouse conditions in soil modified with a spectrum of sewage sludge concentrations: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g/kg. All the metals under investigation, apart from Cd, were more concentrated in the A. esculentus roots than in any other organ. Overall, the sum of the metal concentration (mg/kg) within the varying plant tissues can be ranked in the following order: roots (13,795.5) > leaves (1252.7) > fruits (489.3) > stems (469.6). For five of the metals (i.e., Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, and Pb), the BCF was <1; for the remaining four metals, the BCF was >1, (i.e., Cr, 1.074; Cu, 1.347; Ni, 1.576; and Zn, 1.031). The metal BCFs were negatively correlated with the pH of the soil and positively correlated with soil OM content. The above-ground tissues exhibited a TF < 1 for all metals, apart from Cd with respect to the leaves (2.003) and the fruits (2.489), and with the exception of Mn in relation to the leaves (1.149). Further positive associations were demonstrated for the concentrations of all the metals in each examined plant tissue and the corresponding soil metal concentration. The tissue uptakes of the nine metals were negatively correlated with soil pH, but positively associated with the OM content in the soil. The generated models showed high performance accuracy; students' t-tests indicated that any differences between the measured and forecasted concentrations of the nine metals within the four tissue types of A. esculentus failed to reach significance. It can, therefore, be surmised that the prediction models described in the current research form a feasible method with which to determine the safety and risk to human health when cultivating the tested species in soils modified with sewage sludge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to design de novo prediction models in order to gauge the likely uptake of eight heavy metals (Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) by Lycopersicon esculentum , the tomato plant. Uptake was assessed within the plant's root, stem, leaf and fruit tissues, respectively. The plant was cultivated in soil amended by different application rates of sewage sludge, i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g/kg. The roots exhibited markedly elevated heavy metal concentrations compared to the above-ground plant components, with the exception of the quantity of Ni in the leaves. Apart from Al, Fe and Mn, a bioconcentration factor >1 was identified for all heavy metals. Excluding Ni in the leaves, all tested heavy metals exhibited a translocation factor < 1. The regression models were deployed to predict the accretion of the heavy metals under investigation within the various parts of L. esculentum. These were founded on the parameters of the equivalent eight heavy metals within the soil, pH and organic matter content. Student's unpaired t- tests revealed no differences between the actual and predicted heavy metal concentrations in the roots, stems, leaves or fruits of the tomato plant. These data suggest an excellent model goodness of fit in terms of its accuracy to forecast the degree of heavy metal uptake. The constructed models may therefore facilitate the safe propagation of L. esculentum in growing media amended with sewage sludge, and concurrently provide a risk assessment with respect to human well-being. [Display omitted] • Most heavy metals (HMs) were more concentrated in the L. esculentum roots than in any other tissue. • Most HM levels in L. esculentum tissues correlate significantly with HM levels in soil. • L. esculentum was documented by a bioconcentration factor > 1.0 for most HMs. • The translocation of HMs by L. esculentum was below 1 for most examined HMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aims to form new prediction models to approximate the possible uptake of six heavy metals (HMs) (Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in Phragmites australis tissues, including stems, leaves and belowground tissues (BGT). Samples of different plant tissues from two populations with different ages and sediments were collected monthly during one growing season (January–December) from 9 sites at Lake Burullus, and the tissues were analysed. A nonsignificant difference was observed between the actual and predicted quantities of HMs in the three tissues using t values, which reflects the goodness of fit of these equations for predicting the uptake of these HMs. Such types of equations may be helpful for evaluating the potential of this plant to phytoremediate these six HMs in Lake Burullus. • The mean bioaccumulation factor for all investigated HMs was >1. • P. australis accumulated the most HMs in belowground tissues. • Most of the investigated HMs can be phytostabilized by P. australis. • P. australis can be regarded as a bioindicator for HM pollution. • P. australis has the potential for use as a phytoremediator for Cd and Ni. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability of the native emergent macrophytes Typha domingensis for monitoring pollution with trace metals in Egyptian Lake Burullus was investigated through developing regression models for predicting their concentrations in the plant tissues. Plant samples (above-ground shoot and below-ground root and rhizome) as well as sediment samples were collected monthly during one growing season and analyzed. The association of trace metals concentration with several sediment characteristics (pH, organic matter, clay and silt) was also studied using the simple linear correlation coefficient (r). The concentration of some trace metals was significantly proportional to its values in the sediment such as Cd in the shoot, rhizome and root, Fe in the rhizome, and Ag in the root. There was positive relationship between the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of Ag, Cd, Fe, Pb and Zn and sediment pH, organic matter and clay content. The developed regression models were significantly valid with high model efficiency and coefficient of determination, and low mean normalized average error. Trace metals were accumulated in the below-ground root and rhizome rather than in the shoot. Only Ag, Co and Ni provided bioaccumulation factor (BAF) < 1, while Ag was the only trace metal that could be transferred to some extend from the root to the rhizome and from there to the shoot [translocation factor (TF) 2.55 and 1.15, respectively]. Typha domingensis in Lake Burullus could be regarded as a bioindicator of trace metals pollution, and a good candidate as phytoremediator for Ag. The information on the phytoremediation capacity of T. domingensis certainly helps to solve contamination problems at Egyptian Lake Burullus region using this native plant. Unlabelled Image • Macrophyte Typha domingensis as bioindicator for monitoring trace metals pollution • Cd in shoot, rhizome and root, Fe in rhizome, and Ag in root proportional to sediment • Regression models significantly valid with acceptable coefficients of determination • BAF of Ag, Cd, Fe, Pb and Zn positive correlation with sediment pH, organic matter and clay • Good candidate as phytoremediator for mitigating pollutants discharged in Lake Burullus [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]