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Patient: Male, 37-year-old Final Diagnosis: Spinal cord injury Symptoms: Paraplegia * stool incontinence Clinical Procedure: Lumber puncture * WJ-MSCs injection Specialty: Neurology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Spinal cord injuries (SCI) resulting from various types of accidents have a known onset, unlike other progressive neurological diseases. Nonetheless, in most cases, the resulting disability permanently affects the individual's quality of life due to the limited outcome of available treatment options. The neurological deficit associated with SCI results from primary injury induced by the physical trauma and secondary injury involving inflammation, spinal tissue degeneration, and scar formation. Stem cells of different origins and using different treatment protocols have been tried to minimize aspects of secondary injury in the spinal cord. Case Report: In this case report, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of intrathecal injections of Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) in a patient with chronic traumatic complete SCI. The findings indicated that the treatment was safe with no serious adverse events related to the procedure or administration of stem cells. The long-term follow-up period showed sustained sensory and motor function improvements with enhanced quality of life scores. Conclusions: The results imply a potential role of WJ-MSC in the treatment of chronic and severe SCI. As indicated by previous studies, the mechanism of action points mainly to the ability of MSCs to protect the neural elements that survived the initial mechanical insult by modulating the immune response and promoting neuronal regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]