In the Protestant Reformation, the beginning of a time full of novelty for Europe and the world, new religious groups like Lutheranism, Calvinism and post tridentine Roman Catholicism, were co-participants in a turbulent process of definition of identities and establishment of frontiers in its religious and political discourses and practices. This process is denominated confessionalization, because of the emphasis in systematized public declarations of faith and doctrine, called confessions. We intend in this article to approach the emergence, in that context, of the Lutheran orthodoxy, which constructed during the XVI and XVII centuries, based on Aristotelian grounds, a kind of protestant scholastic theology that influenced significantly and for many years the Lutheran ways of thinking and acting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]