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[Objective] The effects of deep ploughing on soil characteristics and maize yield of red soil sloping land,and the suitable subsoiling depth and operation measures were selected to provide a basis for the rational construction of red soil sloping land. [MethodsJin this study, four different tillage treatments including conventional rotary tillage 20 cm (CK) , no-tillage (SO) , subsoiling 30 cm (S30) and subsoiling 40 cm (S40) were set up. The planting methods was sowing maize with identical field management and fertilization methods. [ ResultsjThe results showed that treatments SO, S30 and S40 had no significant died on maize yield, but in the first year, the biological yield increased significantly by 11.66 % , 14.69 % and 5. 07 % , respectively. In the second year, the yield increased by 3. 22 % ,22. 03 % and 14. 14 % , respectively. The biological yield increased —1.81 % , 15.61 % , 5. 27 % , respectively; In the third year, the yield of corn increased by 28.71 % , 22.00 % and5.69 % , respectively, the biological yield increased by 16.86 % , 14.86 % and 3.76 % , respectively. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, with SO treatment, soil bulk density decreased by 2. 83 % in three years, soil compaction increased by 33.20 % , soil water content decreased by 5.73 % ; with S30 treatment, soil bulk density and soil compaction reduced by 3. 88 % and 3.95, respectively, soil water content increased by 5.44 % ; with S40 treatment, soil bulk density decreased by 0. 52 % , soil compaction increased by 7.70 %. In the 20 -40 cm soil layer, with SO treatment, soil bulk density decreased by 3. 41 %, the soil compaction increased by 7. 54 % , the soil water content increased by 6.21 % ; with S30 treatment, soil bulk density decreased by 9. 23 % , llie soil compaction decreased by 20. 27 % , and llie soil water content increased by 13. 80 % ; with S40 treatment, soil weight loss decreased by 8.79 % , soil compaction decreased by 15. 38 % , and soil water content increased by 7.99 %. In ihe 40 -60 cm soil layer, with SO treatment, soil bulk density decreased bv 3. 17 % , soil compaction increased by 35.53 % , soil water content increased by 2. 86 % ; with S30 treatment, soil bulk density decreased by 1.48 % , soil compaction increased by 21.93 % , soil water content increased by 3. 00 % ; with S40 treatment, soil weight loss decreased by 4. 86 % , soil compaction decreased by 2. 84 % , soil water content increased by 7. 84 %. [Conclusion] Deep ploughing was a suitable tillage measure that could promote the yield of maize on the slope of red soil in Yunnan Province, and the suitable depth of subsoiling was 30 cm in this experimental area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] A long-term positioning experiment of no-tillage organic fertilization was carried out to investigate the effects of conservation tillage on soil quality and crop yield in the typical red soil sloping cropland in central Yunnan Province. [Method] In this study, notillage without organic fertilization treatment (NA) was used as a control experiment, and long-term positioning experiment of no-tillage organic fertilization (NE) was set up, and the effects of NE on soil quality and crop yield were studied from 2015 to 2018. [Result] The results showed that the field moisture capacity increased by 10.26% and 9.46%, and the water content of soil increased by 6. 32% and 9.11% in NE treatment in the depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, respectively. The soil pH in the three soil layeis of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm increased by 10.80%, 7.19% and 3. 54%, the organic matter increased by 18.47%, 23.02% and 30.86%, the soil total nitrogen increased by 11.28% ,17.86% and 16.22%, the soil available nitrogen increased by 7.33%, 16.21% and 7.36%, respectively. The bacterial abundance of Pmteobacteria, Ac ido bacteria and Gemmatimonadetes increased by 23.65%, 39.72% and 42.08%, and the abundance of Chlorojlexi and Adinobacteria was reduced by 53.03% and 49.15%, respectively. The biomass of com stalks in-creased by 10.86% and the yield of com increased by 20.09%. [Conclusion] No-tillage organic fertilization is an effective measure to realize the rational tillage construction of red soil sloping cropland, which can improve soil quality,crop yield and bacterial population structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]