4 results on '"Alloni, Rossana"'
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2. Antioxidant Activity of Inulin and Its Role in the Prevention of Human Colonic Muscle Cell Impairment Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Mucosal Exposure.
- Author
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Pasqualetti, Valentina, Altomare, Annamaria, Guarino, Michele Pier Luca, Locato, Vittoria, Cocca, Silvia, Cimini, Sara, Palma, Rossella, Alloni, Rossana, De Gara, Laura, and Cicala, Michele
- Subjects
ANTIOXIDANTS ,MUSCLE cells ,LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES ,FRUCTANS ,DIETARY fiber ,PREBIOTICS ,REACTIVE oxygen species - Abstract
Background: Fructans, such as inulin, are dietary fibers which stimulate gastro-intestinal (GI) function acting as prebiotics. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) impairs GI motility, through production of reactive oxygen species. The antioxidant activity of various fructans was tested and the protective effect of inulin on colonic smooth muscle cell (SMC) impairment, induced by exposure of human mucosa to LPS, was assessed in an ex vivo experimental model. Methods: The antioxidant capacity of fructans was measured in an in vitro system that simulates cooking and digestion processes. Human colonic mucosa and submucosa, obtained from disease-free margins of resected segments for cancer, were sealed between two chambers, with the mucosal side facing upwards with Krebs solution with or without purified LPS from a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (O111:B4) and inulin (Frutafit IQ), and the submucosal side facing downwards into Krebs solution. The solutions on the submucosal side were collected following mucosal exposure to Krebs in the absence (N-undernatant) or presence of LPS (LPS-undernatant) or LPS+inulin (LPS+INU-undernatant). Undernatants were tested for their antioxidant activity and the effects on SMCs contractility. Inulin protective effects on mucosa and submucosa layers were assessed measuring the protein oxidation level in the experimental conditions analyzed. Results: Antioxidant activity of inulin, which was significantly higher compared to simple sugars, remained unaltered despite cooking and digestion processes. Inulin protected the mucosal and submucosal layers against protein oxidation. Following exposure to LPS-undernatant, a significant decrease in maximal acetylcholine (Ach)-induced contraction was observed when compared to the contraction induced in cells incubated with the N-undernatant (4±1% vs 25±5% respectively, P<0.005) and this effect was completely prevented by pre-incubation of LPS with Inulin (35±5%). Conclusions: Inulin protects the human colon mucosa from LPS-induced damage and this effect appears to be related to the protective effect of inulin against LPS-induced oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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3. Effect of surgical stress on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from healthy sections of colon and rectum of patients with colorectal cancer
- Author
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Umberto Mancini, Lucia Potenza, Emanuela Polidori, Roberta De Bellis, Cinzia Calcabrini, Sabrina Zeppa, Marina Dachà, Luigi Cucchiarini, Rossana Alloni, Potenza, Lucia, Calcabrini, Cinzia, De Bellis, Roberta, Mancini, Umberto, Polidori, Emanuela, Zeppa, Sabrina, Alloni, Rossana, Cucchiarini, Luigi, and Dachà, Marina
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Male ,Colorectal cancer ,Gene Dosage ,DNA Glycosylases ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chromosomes, Human ,Cells, Cultured ,Digestive System Surgical Procedures ,Aged, 80 and over ,reactive oxygen species ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Genetics ,surgical stress ,reactive oxygen specie ,Deoxyadenosines ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA, 8OH-dG, oxidative DNA damage, reactive oxygen species, surgical stress ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Nuclear DNA ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,surgical stre ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Surgical stress ,Colon ,Rectum ,8OH-dG ,Biology ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,oxidative DNA damage ,Tissue damage ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Reactive oxygen species ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all) ,nuclear DNA ,NADH Dehydrogenase ,medicine.disease ,Actins ,Oxidative Stress ,chemistry ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all) ,Cancer research ,DNA ,DNA Damage - Abstract
Surgical resection at any location in the body leads to stress response with cellular and subcellular change, leading to tissue damage. The intestine is extremely sensitive to surgical stress with consequent postoperative complications. It has been suggested that the increase of reactive oxygen species as subcellular changes plays an important role in this process. This article focuses on the effect of surgical stress on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from healthy sections of colon and rectum of patients with colorectal cancer. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, mitochondrial common deletion and nuclear and mitochondrial 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine content were measured. Both the colon and rectal tissue were significantly damaged either at the nuclear or mitochondrial level. In particular, mitochondrial DNA was more damaged in rectum than in colon. The present investigation found an association between surgical stress and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage, suggesting that surgery may generate an increase in free radicals, which trigger a cascade of molecular changes, including alterations in DNA. © 2011 Indian Academy of Sciences.
- Published
- 2011
4. Effects of reactive oxygen species on mitochondrial content and integrity of human anastomotic colorectal dehiscence: A preliminary DNA study
- Author
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Roberto Coppola, Roberta De Bellis, Cinzia Calcabrini, Umberto Mancini, Luigi Cucchiarini, Lucia Potenza, Marina Dachà, Gennaro Nappo, Laura Dugo, Rossana Alloni, Michele Guescini, Potenza, Lucia, Calcabrini, Cinzia, De Bellis, Roberta, Guescini, Michele, Mancini, Umberto, Cucchiarini, Luigi, Nappo, Gennaro, Alloni, Rossana, Coppola, Roberto, Dugo, Laura, and Dachà, Marina
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colon ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Rectum ,Anastomotic dehiscence ,Anastomosis ,Dehiscence ,medicine.disease_cause ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Surgical Wound Dehiscence ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC799-869 ,Neoadjuvant therapy ,Aged ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aged, 80 and over ,Reactive oxygen species ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Colorectal surgery ,Neoadjuvant Therapy ,Surgery ,Oxidative Stress ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Oxidative DNA damage ,Reactive oxygen specie ,lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,Original Article ,Female ,business ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anastomotic dehiscence is one of the most severe complications of colorectal surgery. Gaining insight into the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of anastomotic dehiscence following colorectal surgery is important for the reduction of postoperative complications.OBJECTIVE: Based on the close relationship between surgical stress and oxidative stress, the present study aimed to determine whether a correlation exists between increased levels of reactive oxygen species and colorectal anastomotic dehiscence.METHODS: Patients who underwent surgical resection for colorectal cancer were divided into three groups: patients with anastomotic dehiscence (group 1); patients without dehiscence who underwent neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (group 2); and patients without anastomotic dehiscence who did not undergo neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (group 3). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to measure nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, and possible oxidative damage to nonmalignant colon and rectal tissues adjacent to the anastomoses.RESULTS: mtDNA content was reduced in the colon tissue of patients in groups 1 and 2. Rectal mtDNA was found to be more damaged than colonic mtDNAs in all groups. The 4977 bp common deletion was observed in the mtDNA of tissues from both the colon and rectum of all patients.DISCUSSION: Patients in groups 1 and 2 were more similar to one another than to group 3, probably due to higher levels of reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria; the greater damage found in the rectum suggests that dehiscence originates primarily from the rectal area.CONCLUSIONS: The present study of mtDNA analyses of normal human colon and rectal tissues from patients with colorectal cancer is among the first of its kind.
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