Search

Purpose. To study state of ocular hemodynamics in pregnant women with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism using color Doppler imaging. Patients and methods. 147 pregnant women were examined: 40 of them had type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), 87 had gestational diabetes (GD); in 20 — pregnancy proceeded physiologically. Examination of pregnant women with DM was carried out in each trimester and 3 months after delivery, pregnant women with GD and control groups — once in the third trimester. The parameters of hemodynamics in the central retinal artery (CRA) and in the short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs) were studied using color Doppler imaging. Results. It was found that the peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the CRA was significantly lower in the GD and DM groups, while PSV in the SPCAs and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in the CRA were higher in the control group compared to the GD. In SPCAs, the resistive index (RI) was the highest in the DM group, and the lowest in the GD group. Conclusion. In patients with GD in the third trimester of pregnancy, there is a statistically significant decrease in PSV and EDV in the CRA and SPCAs, combined with a decrease in RI in SPCAs, compared with patients with a physiological course of pregnancy. In patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the third trimester of pregnancy, PSV and EDV in the CRA and SPCAs were significantly lower, and the pulsatility index (PI) and RI were significantly higher compared to pregnant women with DM without DR. In pregnant women with DR during gestation, there was a decrease in PSV and EDV against the background of an increase in RI and PI in the CRA and in the SPCAs. In pregnant women with DM and absence of DR during gestation, there was an increase in PSV, EDV and PI in the CRA and SPCAs from the first to the third trimesters. The revealed features of the state of hemodynamics in the CRA and SPCAs in pregnant women with DM with presence or absence of DR can become the basis for creating criteria for manifestation and progression of DR.

Color Doppler imaging became widespread for study hemodynamics in patients with vascular eyes pathologies. A number of studies have shown changes in ocular blood flow velocity and Doppler indices in patients with diabetes mellitus in both the absence and presence of diabetic retinopathy. With the progression of diabetic retinopathy, an increase in parameters’ changes was revealed, variations in ocular blood flow were studied after conservative treatment, retinal laser photocoagulation, against the background of anti-VEGF therapy. Due to its non-invasiveness, color Doppler imaging is used to assess orbital blood flow in pregnant patients at any gestational age. The works of this direction concern the assessment the changes in orbital blood flow during the physiological course of pregnancy and preeclampsia. However, there is still no information on the state of ocular blood flow in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, which can serve as a basis for further research.

AIM: To observe the improvement of ocular hemodynamics before and after intraocular pressure(IOP)intervention in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION).METHODS: Retrospective case series. Totally 92 patients(92 eyes)with NAION were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an Fourth Hospital from July 2012 to September 2018. Forty-six patients received only basic treatment without IOP lowering treatment as the conventional treatment group. The other 46 patients were treated with brinzolamide eye drops combined with brimonidine eye drops to lower IOP on the basis of conventional treatment, as the IOP intervention group. Before and after treatment, the blood flow rate of the ophthalmic artery and central retinal artery were measured by color Doppler ultrasound. The IOP, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), mean visual field defect(MD), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT), ophthalmic artery and central retinal artery peak systolic blood velocity(PSV), end-diastolic blood velocity(EDV), pulse index(PI)and resistance index(RI)were compared.RESULTS: Before treatment, there were no significant differences in IOP, BCVA(LogMAR), MD, RNFLT, PSV, EDV, PI and RI between the two groups(P>0.05). After 14d of treatment, IOP, BCVA(LogMAR), MD and RNFLT of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment(P

Purpose. To assess increasing the functional effectiveness of the results of endovitreal surgery in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) by using modern pharmacotherapy drug in the postoperative rehabilitation.Material and methods. 108 people (108 eyes) with RRD. All patients underwent standard three-port vitrectomy, after which tamponade of the vitreous cavity with silicone oil with its removal 3 months after operation was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the first – 60 people who received Cytoflavin on the background of standard therapy, and the second – 48 people with postoperative treatment only with standard therapy. Depending on the visual prognosis calculated before the operation, both groups were represented patients with satisfactory (A subgroup) and low (B subgroup) visual prognosis. Laser Doppler fluometry (LDF) was used to study chorioretinal microcirculation: microcirculation index and microcirculation efficiency index were recorded. Using OCT angiography (OCT-A), signs of macular ischemia were investigated: choroidal thickness, area nonperfusion of foveal avascular zone, density in the superficial capillary plexuses and density in the deep capillary plexuses in the macular area.Results. The inclusion of Cytoflavin in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with RRD increases the possibility of a favorable functional outcome of the operation, affects the positive dynamics in the state of the capillary plexus in the macula. In the aggregate of patients of the 1st group, the increase in visual acuity was 2 times higher than in patients of the 2nd group 6 months after surgery. Also, in patients of the 1st group there was a more significant activation of chorioretinal blood flow according to LDF and OCT-A.Conclusion. The prescription of Cytoflavin in the postoperative treatment of patients underwent endovitreal surgery of RRD, regardless of the visual prognosis, increases the functional outcome of the operation. Improvement in visual functions in patients receiving Cytoflavin therapy is directly related to improved intraocular blood flow and macular perfusion.

AIM: To investigate the ocular hemodynamic effects of applying a hot compress to the eye. METHODS: The right eyes of five New Zealand white rabbits, both male and female, were hot-compressed for 18min. An independently designed novel ocular contact-type temperature measuring device was used to measure the ocular surface temperature before and after the heating. Relevant retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters such as peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistance index (RI) of each of the central retinal artery (CRA), long posterior ciliary artery (LPCA), and ophthalmic artery (OA), as well as the mean velocity (Vm) of the central retinal vein (CRV), were measured using a color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) technique and expressed as mean values with standard deviation (mean±SD). A statistical analysis was conducted based on a paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. RESULTS: The employed real-time temperature measuring device was able to accurately measure ocular surface temperature during the hot-compress process. The temperature increased after the hot compress was applied. Analysis showed that the PSV and EDV values of the CRA and LPCA significantly increased after the application of the hot compress, as did the Vm of the CRV. There were no significant changes in the EDV of the OA nor the RI of each artery. CONCLUSION: This experiment, which is the first of its kind, confirms that the retrobulbar blood flow velocities can increase upon heating the ocular surface. This simple method may be useful in the future.

Purpose: To study ocular blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and posterior ciliary artery in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: The retrobulbar circulation in 46 eyes of Type 2 diabetic patients was compared with age-matched 21 nondiabetic eyes. The diabetic subjects were further divided into diabetics with no-clinical retinopathy (n = 24) and with either preproliferative or proliferative retinopathy (n = 22). Philips HD11XE machine was used for performing Color Doppler imaging. Results: The end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in OA was 3.21 cm/s in the preproliferative/proliferative group as compared to 6.0 and 8.5 cm/s in no-retinopathy and control group, respectively. The peak systemic velocities and EDVs of CRA in the diabetic group were significantly lower than those of normal subjects regardless of the retinopathy. The resistivity index (RI) of CRA was 0.81 in diabetic group and 0.70 in control group, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: The study showed reduced blood flow velocity and increased RI in Type 2 diabetic patients as compared to normal healthy individuals. There are significant changes noted in retrobulbar flow in patients with diabetic retinopathy as compared to patients without retinopathy.

AIM: To observe and analyze the change situation of hemorheology, Aβ, β-EP, Hcy and ocular hemodynamics indexes of patients with glaucoma.METHODS: Sixty patients with glaucoma in our hospital from November 2011 to October 2013 were the observation group, 60 healthy people were the control group, then the hemorheology, Aβ, β-EP, Hcy and ocular hemodynamics indexes of two groups were detected and compared, then the detection levels of patients with different Richardson stages were compared.RESULTS: The hemorheology, Aβ, β-EP, Hcy and RI of observation group were all significantly higher than those of control group, and the PSV and EDV were obviously lower than those of control group, the fluctuation of patients with higher Richardson stages were all bigger than those of patients with lower Richardson stages,all PCONCLUSION: The change of hemorheology, Aβ, β-EP, Hcy and ocular hemodynamics indexes of patients with glaucoma are great, and the blood supply of patients with higher stages are worse, and the serum related indexes were higher.