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Objective: The aim of this study was to detect and compare the effects of ShotBlocker and Buzzy methods on pain, fear, and parental satisfaction during intramuscular injection. Method: This study was an experimental randomized controlled trial. The sample included 90 children at the ages of 6 and 12 who applied to the pediatric emergency department of a university hospital and received intramuscular injections. The participants were randomly assigned to ShotBlocker (n=30), Buzzy (n=30), and control (n=30) groups. Child Information Form, Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, Children's Fear Scale, and Parental Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Results: ShotBlocker and Buzzy groups had significantly lower pain and fear and higher parental satisfaction scores than the control group following injections (p=0.0001). The lowest pain and fear scores and the highest parental satisfaction scores were observed in the Buzzy group (p=0.0001). Conclusions: Both ShotBlocker and Buzzy methods are effective in reducing pain and fear of children during intramuscular injections and increasing satisfaction of their parents. However, when compared to the ShotBlocker method, Buzzy method is more effective in reducing intramuscular injection-related pain and fear and should be preferred primarily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this randomized controlled study was to determine the effect of semielevated side‐lying (ESL) and semielevated supine (ESU) positions, which are used to bottle‐feed preterm infants, on their physiological characteristics and feeding performance. Design and Methods: The sample consisted of preterm infants who were born in the 31st gestational week and below, and met the inclusion criteria. A randomization was provided in the sample group with a total of 80 infants including 38 infants in the ESL (experimental) group and 42 infants in the ESU (control) group. Both groups were compared in terms of their SpO2 values, heart rates, and feeding performances before, during, and after the feeding. The data were obtained by using a form for infant descriptive characteristics, feeding follow‐up form, a Masimo Radical‐7 pulse oximeter device, and a video camera. Results: It was determined that the infants in the ESL group had statistically significantly higher SpO2 values (ESL: 96.77 ± 2.51; ESU: 93.48 ± 5.63) and lower heart rates (ESL: 155.87 ± 11.18; ESU: 164.35 ± 6.00) during the feeding compared to the infants in the ESU group (p < .05). Besides, oxygen saturation levels of the infants in the ESU group decreased more (p < .01) and their heart rates increased more (p < .05) during the feeding than those obtained before the feeding compared to the infants in the ESL group. Practice Implications: The ESL position has a more positive effect on oxygen saturation and heart rate of infants and it is more effective in providing a physiological stabilization during the feeding, compared to the ESU position. According to these results, the ESL position can be recommended for preterm feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]