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The division of the races, created for the economic and political purposes of justifying slavery and colonialism, is a deep, entrenched, social structure which creates and promotes white privilege and is one within which we all live. No one can be free from it. This presentation is rooted in the assumption that the problem of racism today is a problem of whiteness and that it is an examination of this construct, therefore, which needs to be central to seeking a solution to this destructive dynamic. The work required of whiteness and the letting go of privilege is essential if we are to dismantle the system of racism that is so embedded within our society. I argue this is no altruistic endeavour but that, whilst clearly doing untold harm to people of colour, such a system also limits and distorts the development and individuation of white individuals and the society in which we are citizens., (© 2024 The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

This paper explores the images related to Carnival in the texts of early Brazilian modernist writers, who wanted to minimize the feeling of inauthenticity due to the systematic emulation of European aesthetic matrices. This critique of Brazilian 'nationalist' complexes was manifested in cultural forms which were unlinked from academic approaches, but were instead expressed in the registers of the popular songbook - sung-poems in which Carnival-related images abounded. In the analysis of this set of poems, the paper outlines the emerging of a poetry of 'masking', raising the hypothesis that these poets had invented a tradition that aimed for a native originality, having the celebration of Carnival and its mythical variants as its literary motivation. During the 1930's, Carnival-related images became rare in written poetry, establishing the sung poems as their permanent ground. With Orfeu da Conceição, in 1956, Vinicius de Moraes converged these two elements, dissolving the remaining boundaries that set them apart. This paper explores the images of Carnival and the mask, and attempts to unmask the characteristics of a form of Brazilian culture, including, in particular, its racism., (© 2022, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

This paper explores the healthy narcissism related to self-expression and looks at how this is frequently pathologized and split-off, with problematic consequences for the individual and for culture. This is explored through Yeats' poem, 'The Second Coming', as are other personal, cultural and clinical manifestations, with a split evident between those who advocate self-denial and those who are 'full of passionate intensity' and seen as narcissistic. The paper argues that the process of individuation requires us to embrace a multiplicity of self-states, and thus a broadening of ego-identifications, including states of vulnerability, self-denial, self-centredness, murderousness and power, in contrast to the unworkable unitary identifications of previous eras, where such states were projected onto scapegoat groups in, for example, racism. The neurobiological underpinnings of the core self are outlined which, the paper argues, help us better understand and accept the broad range of narcissistic phenomena. Embracing guilt, out of care and concern as described by Loewald (1979), and thus addressing states of both passive and active blindness to the other, allows us to put a 'human head on the lion's body', described in Yeats' poem. Some clinical manifestations and dynamics are also outlined., (© 2022, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

The Infant Mental Health Journal is committed to ending systemic racism and promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in academic publishing. IMHJ unequivocally denounces all forms of racism and white supremacy, including systemic racism in academic publishing. We commit to investigating and working to terminate the ways in which systemic racism has become normalized in academic publishing, including examining our practices and processes at IMHJ. We invite you to join us in intentional, anti-racist work through your scholarship. As part of this effort, IMHJ has updated the author guidelines to include new information regarding how authors can express the ways in which they are engaging with intention in diverse, anti-racist research. These guidelines are available under the author guidelines section on the IMHJ website (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10970355). As a second immediate response relative to promoting diverse, equitable, and inclusive research, IMHJ is releasing the following Call to Action, focusing on centering Blackness in infant and early childhood mental health research. This call is designed as a first step in our efforts, and IMHJ looks forward to coming initiatives aimed at disrupting systemic racism in infant and early childhood mental health research for the many scholars studying and working with diverse populations marginalized by racism and systemic inequities., (© 2021 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health.)

Although many health care providers are convinced, in the name of their ethics and deontology, that they are doing their best to treat all their patients equally, a certain unconscious and structural racism is nevertheless at work. Research in the United States and France has shown that there is a difference in treatment between 'white' and 'black' patients, which penalises the latter. The violence of discrimination, which we do not talk about enough, is therefore very much present. Why is it so deeply rooted in society? What if its roots go back to slavery?, (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

These extraordinary months due to COVID-19 and the Black Lives Matter protests, set as they are against a backdrop of the increasingly worrying climate emergency, have brought fear, anxiety and discord across the globe. But we have also experienced a deepening of our understanding of our connectedness, protests against injustice, expressions of social concern and a demand for change. The concept of the cultural complex as developed by Singer & Kimbles (2004) offers a helpful means of connecting the psychology of the individual psyche and the political phenomena of power relations. Using a small example to illustrate how it might operate at a local level, I suggest that a fundamental shift is taking place raising profound levels of anxiety as we move from the known to the unknown. The bipolar nature of these complexes means the extremes are surfacing bringing fears of the very real possibility of more entrenched attacks on democracy from the far right and the hunkering down behind armed borders. But there is also hope that different ways of living together may be developing from the ground up, ways that are rooted in our sense of interdependence - with each other and our planetary home., (© 2021, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

This paper examines the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement in cultural, historical and relational contexts at the intersection of the U.S. Civil Rights movement, U.S. Civil Rights legislation, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and reforms thereto in the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision of Shelby County v Holder, 570 U.S.529 (2013). The intergenerational relations between the BLM movement and these ongoing movements for civil and human rights is underscored. In the wake of protests about the sadistic murder of George Floyd, an unarmed African American man, by a Caucasian police officer, the BLM movement has been mischaracterized as an affront to law and order by the Trump-led U.S. administration. The mischaracterization was a re-election campaign effort designed to ignite 'white fear', 'white rage' and to defend police brutality and systemic racism. Analytical psychology and the phenomenology of the trickster archetype, as amplified from the African-centric perspective in the Yoruba deity Esu-Elegba, are employed to interrogate partisan obstructionist behaviours that assault multicultural democracy in both contemporary U.S. electoral politics and the political economy. The paper concludes with a brief note on the social activism of Fair Fight Georgia and the integration of its agenda into the BLM movement., (© 2021, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

What we are witnessing in the present time in human history, in the 2020's, is a vortex of intersecting pandemics - jolting revelations that are unfolding with a terrific energy and force - so much so that we cannot ignore them or escape them. These include the world-wide pandemics of racism, COVID-19 and climate change. This paper argues that all of these swirling pandemics are manifestations of the archetype of the apocalypse, which is constellating now in a very powerful way. Any one of these phenomena could swallow humanity whole as a species. Together they represent a seemingly overwhelming challenge for us to meet over the next century of life on earth. If humanity cannot meet the challenge of these combined negative forces, it could simply perish. A multi-layered intersecting set of challenges such as this has never yet occurred in human history. We must therefore be very alert to what is going on, and as to how we can consciously mediate these threats, both individually and collectively. It also presents an unprecedented opportunity for humanity to evolve and grow psychologically both individually and collectively, nationally and globally., (© 2021, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

An upper-middle-class black woman, who grew up adapting to a white-dominated environment, entered the consulting room of a multicultural 'white-passing' analyst, and here unique emotional experiences were reflected in dream images of racial disorganization, internal racism, and identity confusion. While sorting through the analysand's internal dynamics, the external world erupted in May 2020 with the murder of George Floyd, catapulting both analysand and analyst (and the nation) into a transformative confrontation with their mutual, deep-seated woundings of American racial and cultural inequities. The analysand's racial complexity directly impacted the analyst's 'white-passing' privilege, bringing into question established classifications of American whiteness. Overlapping dynamics and experiences as 'in-betweeners' and 'outsiders' - a black woman subsumed by a white-dominated society and an immigrant refugee acculturated to American life - provided a common exilic ground for mutual understanding and mirroring. The analyst explores the racial and multicultural straddling that served as a lens into the analysand's fragmented racial identity during the eruption of American racial unrest., (© 2021, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

This personal account charts the changing relationship to a Jungian identity arising from the interrelated processes of understanding the roots of the colonial and racial ideologies that underpin Jung's thinking, and a developing awareness of what it means to be a white person in a system of racism that maintains white supremacy. This is illustrated with reference to the image of a black man appearing in the dream of the white author and with use of post-Jungian thinking to critique the notion of an objective, non-racial psyche., (© 2020, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

Cet article présente une analyse inédite de l'association entre la discrimination raciale et la détresse psychologique chez les personnes âgées indigènes et insulaires du détroit de Torres. Les résultats indiquent : (1) qu'une minorité importante d'aînés appartenant aux populations indigènes et insulaires du détroit de Torres ont été victimes de racisme (tel qu'expérimenté et mesuré en fonction d'inégalités de traitement) et d'évitement ; (2) qu'une association entre les expériences de racisme ou d'évitement et la détresse psychologique peut être mise en évidence, et que cette relation demeure robuste malgré la considération d'une variété de facteurs confondants et de caractéristiques complexes associées à la conception des enquêtes ; et (3) les associations entre le racisme et la détresse sont amplifiées en fonction de l'intensité du racisme et des comportements d'évitement. L'association reste robuste ou se trouve renforcée lorsque le racisme et l'évitement se produisent dans le cadre de contextes cruciaux au développement du capital humain des personnes âgées (p. ex. soins de santé, éducation, milieu de travail). Nos résultats soulignent l'importance des programmes et des services sociaux et de santé culturellement sécuritaires, ainsi que la nécessité de contrer la discrimination sous toutes ses formes., This article presents the first nationally representative analysis of the association between racial discrimination and psychological distress among older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Results show: (1) experiences of racism (as measured by unfair treatment) and avoidance are encountered by a significant minority of older Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people; (2) there is a clear association between experiences of racism and avoidance with psychological distress, with these results being robust to a range of confounding factors and complex survey design features; and (3) the associations between racism and distress are amplified by the severity of racism, and, when occurring, with avoidance. The association remains strong or is strengthened when racism and avoidance occur in contexts or situations crucial to the human capital development of older people (e.g., health care, education, and the workplace). Our findings underscore the importance of culturally safe health and social services/programs and further the imperative to address discrimination in all its forms.

This paper uses the history of kidney transplantation in South Africa as a lens through which to write a racialized, micro history that illustrates the politics of medical discoveries and medical research at one of South Africa's most prestigious medical research universities, the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) in Johannesburg. Between 1966 and the 1980s, the Wits team became the most advanced and prolific kidney transplant unit in the country. Yet the racist, oppressive Apartheid system fundamentally shaped these developments. Transplantation, as this paper shows, became an elite medical procedure, performed by a select group of white doctors on mostly white patients. For these doctors, transplantation showed their medical prowess and displayed the technical advancements they were able to make in research and clinical practice as they strove to position South Africa as a significant international player in medical research, despite academic boycotts and increasing sanctions. Transplantation became a symbol of white supremacy in a country where the black majority were excluded from anything but the most basic health care.

Racism is defined as a psychopathology and the ground in which the covenant of whiteness is rooted and mirrored in the system of apartheid structured by American Constitutional Jurisprudence between 1857 and 1954. This historical period overshadowed Carl Jung's visit to America between 1909 and 1937. The spirit of the times and practices of racism coloured Jung's views, attitudes, and theories about African Americans, just as colonialism coloured his attitudes toward Africa and Africans. Consequently Jung failed to see the African Diaspora and the extraordinary intellectual and artistic period of the Harlem Renaissance (1919-1929). Its introduction here foregrounds the exceptionalism of African Americans and the cultural continuity of African ancestry. This exceptionalism was not seen by Jung and there have been no attempts to redress its omission from analytical psychology and other sub-disciplines of Western psychology. Jung's theories of personality and psychoanalysis and his negative projections about primitivism among Africans and African American 'Negroes' would have been mediated by knowledge of a legislated American apartheid and the Harlem Renaissance which occurred within the barriers of apartheid. In this paper I posit that culture, kinship libido, and the African principle of Ubuntu are healing modalities that play a critical role in instinct and the relational ground of human psychology and biology, from which culture as an environmental expression constellates around common goals of the human species. Cultural equivalencies and expressions within the wisdom traditions and mythologies of the Africa Diaspora are considered. Specifically, the Bantu principle of Ubuntu or 'humanity' is identified as the relational ground in African cultures, while the Kemetic-Egyptian deity Maat, as an archetypal anima figure and the religio-mythology offer a transcendent position from which to critique the inequities and constitutional jurisprudence that structured American apartheid. Maat is the personification of truth, justice, balance and weighing of the heart in orderly judicial processes. In her we find the alignment of the spirit and matter in the law and judgement. The paper concludes with reflections on pathways toward healing the psychopathology of racism and recommendations to enhance clinical training and practice., (© 2019, The Society of Analytical Psychology.)

On 2 September 1964, one day after the Act Respecting Discrimination in Employment was introduced in Quebec, Gloria Clarke Baylis, a British-trained Caribbean migrant nurse, inquired about a permanent part-time nursing position at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel (QEH). In response, she was told that the position had already been filled. Less than a year later, Gloria appeared as the key witness in Her Majesty the Queen, Complainant v. Hilton of Canada Ltd., Accused, to determine whether the QEH violated the new legislation. Drawing on excerpts from the court transcript, this article expands and complicates intersectionality as a theoretical framework to include other markers of difference. Critical to this discussion are two interrelated concerns: first, the connection between Gloria's experience at the QEH and Black women's historical relationship to nursing; second, how her subjectivity and identity influenced her decision to pursue the lawsuit.

Based on interviews carried out with people from overseas working in Parisian hospitals and observations made of women from Central and North Africa working in care facilities for elderly or disabled people, this article discusses the issue of racial discrimination. We focus on the way discrimination develops, its manifestations in the care sector and the way in which it is handled., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

The staff working in health and medical-social services are a reflection of French society. Many of the employees of these services are migrants, from French overseas departments, whose descendants are particularly high in number in the Île-de-France region. Users of the services, from the 'white' majority group can display racist attitudes., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Student nurses and nursing assistants are, during their training, both in placement practice and the training institute, exposed to racist behaviour and remarks. The teaching teams have an ethical duty to encourage discussion around this issue during initial training., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Many nursing homes look after residents from the majority population and employ staff from minority ethnic groups. This situation in these homes can generate a certain number of tensions resulting from racial discrimination. Employees share their experience., (Copyright © 2018. Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS.)

The care environment, renowned for being humanistic and egalitarian, has long remained impenetrable to sociological studies. Surveys, however, reveal another side, where prejudices, unequal treatment and racism in care are expressed. Medicine is itself built on racial categories which still pervade epidemiology and genetics., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Journal of Analytical Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Through a narrativization that connects heterogeneous and often undetected social lives in Bogotá, Colombia, this article charts the rhizomatic spatial crossings of continuously mobile urban trajectories, the often-unsettled forms of dwelling that they inhabit, and their capacity to make place despite the dismantling of community cohesion and the necropolitical forms of urbanity operated by racial capitalism and coloniality across Latin America – what the article refers to as relational territories, drawing on a rich scholarship on Black Geographies of the everyday and Latin American ‘territorios’. From there, the article explores how paths are being charted out of the racial-colonial maze of Latin America’s city-making, through multiple forms of ordinary resistance/re-existence that create life in the interstices of ongoing necro-politics . Ultimately, the article shows how this pluralistic repertoire mobilized from the urban margins not only points to the difficulties of emplacement for Afro-descendant dwellers in Latin American cities but also to the possibility of respatialising the urban from the decolonial relationality of Améfrica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes two cases specific to ice hockey in the Quebec media/sport cultural complex that highlight recent shifts in discourses on racism and sexism. The authors argue that sexism is the least contested form of discrimination in hockey, while overt and explicit racist acts are widely condemned. This is not to say that racism has disappeared from hockey. If acts of blatant racism are denounced by the media and sports structures, the same would not apply to forms of blatant sexism, where entire arguments and vocabulary are put into action to diminish the scope of sexism involved in these situations. This analysis also demonstrates the workings of the symbolic development of contemporary North American ice hockey. The reasons for the discrepancies between the public expressions of racism and sexism are that hockey remains a sport where many forms of hegemonic masculinities are still expressed. Cet article analyse deux cas propres au hockey dans le complexe culturel média/sport québécois marqués par des ajustements de discours sur le racisme et le sexisme. Les auteurs soutiennent que le sexisme est la forme de discrimination la moins contestée (et la plus naturalisée) dans le monde du hockey, tandis que les actes racistes flagrants et explicites sont plus ou moins largement condamnés. Cela ne veut toutefois pas dire que le racisme a disparu du hockey. Si les actes de racisme flagrants sont dénoncés par les structures médiatiques et sportives, ce ne serait pas le cas des formes de sexisme flagrant, où un argumentaire et un vocabulaire sont utilisé pour en diminuer la portée. Les raisons de ces divergences entre les expressions publiques du racisme et du sexisme sont que le hockey demeure un sport où s'expriment encore et toujours plusieurs formes propres aux masculinités hégémoniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I de seneste år har sorte forskere og kunstnere arbejdet for at etablere kritiske studier i sorthed som et forskningsfelt i dansk og nordisk kunst- og kulturforskning. Men det er ikke bare sorte og racialt minoriserede forskere, som skriver om sorthed. I 2023 udgav den hvide danske litteraturkritiker Klaus Rothstein Den sorte mand. Racisme, woke og hvidhed i dansk litteratur, som undersøger sortheden som motiv i dansk litteratur fra 1700-tallet til i dag. I denne artikel foretager vi en nærlæsning af, hvordan begreber som antisort racisme, antiracisme og wokeness operationaliseres i bogens analyser. Vores læsning viser, hvordan Rothsteins ”bevidning” og reproduktion af antisort racisme muliggør konstruktion af en hvid liberal, ikkeracistisk udsigelsesposition, som er kendetegnet af en dyb skepsis over for kontemporære former for antiracisme, der både fremskrives som farlige og ødelæggende. Vi argumenterer for, at Den sorte mand skriver sig ind i en bredere politisk anti-wokeness-tendens, som har vundet stærkt fodfæste i både den danske og den norske offentlighed i de seneste år. Vores analyse viser, hvordan normalisering og intellektualisering af anti-wokeness bidrager til delegitimering af forskning i sorthed og antiracisme og i sig selv kan forstås som en rekonfiguration af en lang tradition for at normalisere og uskyldiggøre antisort racisme i Danmark og Norden.

This study examined the everyday experiences of racism among Chinese immigrants in Canada. Data came from nine virtual focus groups comprising 48 participants of diverse genders and ages taking place in December 2021 and January 2022. We conducted our qualitative analysis by drawing on Essed’s conceptualization of everyday racism and Crenshaw’s conceptualization of intersectionality. Thematic and content analysis showed that racism against Chinese immigrants is more pervasive than previously recognized. Three-quarters of the participants disclosed instances of racism across various settings, including workplaces, schools, shops, airports, banks, hotels, restaurants, streets, and online. Some gender and age groups reported more incidents than others. Young men, on average, encountered the greatest number, followed by young and middle-aged women, while older men reported the fewest. Types of racist incidents also varied by age and gender. Young and middle-aged women encountered unsolicited intimate remarks and racism related to gender division of labour, while older adults, both men and women, faced racism associated with service provision. Younger men reported online racism. Some older participants remained unaware of the racist nature of their encounters, and middle-aged and older men tended to deny having experienced racist encounters. Given these findings, we suggest the need to raise awareness, establish empowerment initiatives, and adopt intersectionality approaches to address and combat racism against Chinese immigrants in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese Immigration Act, 1923, also known as the Chinese Exclusion Act, banned the entry of Chinese people to Canada and required all Chinese in Canada, including the Canadian born, to register with the government. The act devastated Chinese Canadian lives and communities. This paper applies two of Hannah Arendt’s insights into the social organization of totalitarianism to understand how anti-Chinese racism has been structured. Focusing on the discourse of Asian/Chinese exclusion in the Canadian House of Commons and Senate in 1922 and 1923, the paper shows that the idea of Chinese exclusion was closely linked to the white supremacist vision of Canada that its land and resources were and should be the monopoly of people of European origins. As such, anti-Chinese racism was not just an ideology, or individual prejudices or ignorance, but it was a social structure that was integral to the making of the country, and whose invention can be traced historically. The historical activity of the Chinese in trying to stop the passing of the act brings the functioning of this social structure into sharp relief. The consequences of this structure continue today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have emerged to address either racism or women's issues. Studies that address the intersection of pandemic racism and sexism are lacking and the experiences of Asian women have been neglected. Drawing on interviews with 20 Asian women living in Victoria, Australia, this article aims to bridge the gap between studies of pandemic racism and the issues women faced during the pandemic. The article's intervention is threefold, we ask: first, how have Asian women in Australia experienced racism? Second, how have their experiences of racism intersected with sexism? Third, how do they make sense of their experiences and thoughts about the future? Our analysis argues three points: first, the lack of attention to Asian women's experiences of racism obscures the fact that Asian women can encounter racism more than their male counterparts. Second, the lack of attention to how sexism intersects with Asian women's experiences of racism causes them the inability to make sense of their experiences and prevents them from stopping mistreatment. Third, participants' reflections show that there is potential for women of colour in general to form coalitions based on sharing intersectionality and offer valuable insights for feminist and antiracist studies and initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In The Devil Finds Work (1976), James Baldwin presents a remarkably generous review of Boris Vian's controversial novel, J'irai cracher sur vos tombes (1946). Vian's book was exceptionally sensitive to the "rage and pain" of African Americans, Baldwin thought. Baldwin's words seem surprising today: Vian, a white Frenchman, published the work as a protest novel under the false identity of a fictional African American, whom he called Vernon Sullivan. The novel was a hoax, a prank. J'irai cracher sur vos tombes tends to be viewed today in North America, rightly, as an egregious instance of cultural appropriation. The present study argues, however, that the French pastiche of a Black American protest novel baited the reading public into a debate that ignored racism, colonialism, and protest. We argue to view J'irai cracher sur vos tombes and the ensuing scandal it provoked, as an historical archive that allows us to chart a certain ideological climate in France. The public reception of the novel makes abundantly clear that, on the subject of J'irai cracher, Paris wanted to talk about sex, youth morality, and the threats of American cultural hegemony—not racism. Read as an historical affaire, the scandal exposes an extended moment of collective blindness in France. When examined as an historical incident, "the J'irai cracher Affair" reads like a dramatic ironic pronouncement, as if Vian were making a joke only he and a select audience—Baldwin, for one—would understand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Racialized people experience excess and preventable harm from substance use, raising questions about how justice ought to be pursued via health policy. This case study is intended to surface how bioethical perspectives may contribute to informing approaches to racial justice in public health policy decision-making about substance use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Imaginaires is the property of Universitaires de Reims and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article opens with autobiographical reflections outlining how the author came to study the histories of race, racism, and whiteness in Canada; namely, through a biographical examination of Canadian academic and public intellectual Watson Kirkconnell. The article then discusses the author's engagement with the scant Canadian literature on race science/scientific racism. After defining whiteness and discussing its relationships with gender and class, the article provides suggestions for future research on race and whiteness in Canada; in particular, the need for definitional, temporal, and geographical specificity; the need for original archival research and collaboration with archivists; and the importance of biographical research. Drawing connections between the past and present, the article concludes by stressing the importance of this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the societal climate surrounding issues of race and racism in the study of the past as my point of departure, I propose to examine how it translates into the practice of French-language historiography of Canadian and Quebecois societies. Do disciplinary institutions publish on issues of race and racism? This study also responds to historian Geneviève Dorais' arguments in the Bulletin d'histoire politique in 2020 about anti-Black racism in Quebec historiography, and to the call by historians Crystal Gail Fraser and Allyson Stevenson for a critical perspective on our discipline in the post-Truth and Reconciliation Commission era. This paper consists of four sections. I first sketch out some definitions related to the concepts of race, racism, and ignorance. I then turn to the relationship these questions have with historical epistemology and the role that the discipline of history has played in the history of racism. In the third section, I present the results of my research on francophone-Canadian historical knowledge production in the past few years, which asked the following questions: Is the concept of race present in this disciplinary field? In what way is it used? Finally, I conclude by returning to the results of this study and reflect on what a better understanding of the critical concept of race in historical studies can contribute to our understanding of Quebec and Canada's past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Racisms are among the social structures that shaped Canada's past and are shaping Canada's present. Anti-essentialist antiracism accounts for these structures by recognizing that there are many different racisms, but all racisms meet conditions of racialization, of the organization of racializations into exclusions, and of the enactment of negative consequences on the excluded. These conditions lead to strategies for antiracist research, which are key to rebuilding the linkages between people that racisms destroy. This paper builds a theoretically informed argument while examining the historical and present-day experiences of Chinese Canadians. Engaging with present-day realities, moving beyond common-sense explanations that individualize racism, and building on the sources of the racialized and excluded make evident the structure of racism. Chinese language sources document the "apartheiding" of Canada and its effects. They also enable the dialogical re-reading of dominant sources to pinpoint moments of organizing this structure into the world. Today, historically produced cultural narratives and the cultural landscapes of modern cities mark those racialized as Chinese as people who either do not belong or whose presence needs explanation. These narratives and landscapes are the products of the anti-Chinese racism that was built into the settler colonialism that made Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenges faced by teachers in Mathematics teaching are perceptible, with regard to students' interest in the subject and students' understanding of mathematical concepts. The justification for this work is given by the need to think about new possibilities for teaching mathematics, so that there is the development of critical and democratic thinking by the students. The question posed is: will the contextualization of mathematical concepts through soccer using technological resources contribute to a better understanding of the content being taught? The general aim of this article is to develop the construction of knowledge of statistics and percentage content through the lens of Critical Mathematics Education, contextualizing the ongoing challenge of combating racism in soccer. Discussing topics such as the history of Brazilian soccer in parallel with the fight against racism in mathematics classes is of paramount importance so that we can form critical and reflective citizens, thus being able to transform the society in which we live. It is hoped that the activities proposed here will make math teaching more meaningful for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contemporary Journal of African Studies is the property of Institute of African Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sur le Journalisme, About Journalism, Sobre Jornalismo is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the summer of 2020, International Relations (IR) scholars rushed to respond to the national and global irruptions of support for Black Lives Matter. But the relationship of 'domestic' racism in the United States to foreign policy and IR is long standing in the field, and non-marginal at that: in 1960, Hans Morgenthau provided a clear analysis of such connections in light of Brown vs. Board of Education. The 'post' in postcolonial acts as an intellectual provocation: in the aftermath of an event, how might we rethink received traditions of inquiry that prove ill equipped to explain and evaluate the event itself? The explanatory value of the 'post' lies in both exposing the disciplinary conventions of absence and retrieving obfuscated presences that provide alternative modes of inquiry. Picking up on Morgenthau's lost intervention, I provide a contribution to what might be called post-Black Lives Matter (BLM) IR. I weave an intellectual archeology of the long-standing intimacy of republicanism and imperialism via the racialized concept of the 'frontier'. I bring together the arguments and narratives of four authors who are progenitors of and/or mainstream scholars in the field: William Francis Allen, Frederick Jackson Turner, Morgenthau, and Merze Tate. I claim that this archeology of the 'frontier' might help us to grapple responsibly and incisively with IR post-BLM. Républicanisme et impérialisme à la frontière : une archéologie des relations internationales post-Black Lives Matter [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Racial microaggressions are manifested in interpersonal relationships resulting from structural racism. They can be understood as subtle and nebulous forms of verbal, non-verbal, or visual insult directed at people based on their race, often done automatically or unintentionally by the aggressors, but which negatively impact the lives of those who experience them. In mathematics education research, few works have problematized how Black students in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) programs have experienced racial microaggressions throughout their academic trajectory. In this study, we present the research results in which we sought to fill this gap by identifying students’ experiences in STEM programs with racial microaggressions in their university careers. The study included STEM students at the Federal University of Alfenas (n=390). They answered the Scale of Academic, Social, and Survival Experiences in STEM (EASS-STEM). The results indicate that students between the ages of 20 and 30 more clearly identify aspects related to racial microaggressions. Additionally, Black students are those who experience racial microaggressions more intensely, even with scores higher than Pardo students, who also make up the group of Black students in Brazil. This shows that skin color is directly related to experiences with racism and racial microaggressions faced by students in these programs. The results also demonstrate that, despite overcoming the access barrier, Black affirmative-action students must endure the challenge of surviving academically due to the structural violence they experience during their academic careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We intend to discuss child sexual violence and understand how racism and sexism are linked in its perpetration. Analyzing such violence in interface with both concepts allows us to reflect on the intersectional aspects of this issue and its participation in the subjective constructions of those who perpetrate it and those who experience it. We use the resource of "livewriting" - the experience of those who write as a starting point and a gateway to sharing similar experiences, too. Research was carried out on academic sites seeking to map and understand how the topic has been worked on. We used the following descriptors: child sexual violence, black girls, racism, and sexism in their possible combinations. The Child and Adolescent Statute and Violence Atlas data, and the Epidemiological Bulletin of Sexual Violence against Children and Adolescents in Brazil were analyzed. The analyses were carried out cross-sectionally, considering the objective proposed here. Beforehand and explicitly, it was not possible to find analyses that consider the entanglement between racism and sexism in the perpetration of crimes of sexual violence against children. We questioned, how are issues of race/color considered by academic productions. In psychology, what interpretation do we have of ethnic-racial relations? What do the results reflect about psychology and even science? We hope that the data collected here and the reflections proposed can shed light on a phenomenon whose exponential growth is painfully alarming, as well as promote theoretical and practical insights to address the issues that are urgent and necessary to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research note examines the intersections of xenophobia, racism, and gender-based violence. It particularly focuses on forms of everyday woman-to-woman violence in the Canadian context. This exploration is based on an incident narrated to the author in a recent conversation with D.Š., a 42-year-old woman who emigrated to Nova Scotia in 2014 from Bosnia and Herzegovina with her husband and young son. I read the episode as paradigmatic of how gender informs interactions rooted in prejudice, discrimination, and the 'fear of the other.' Drawing upon intersectional feminist heuristic, my analysis contributes to the investigations of the complex network of power relations operating across the same gender (woman). These woman-to-woman power dynamics are shaped by racial, immigrant, and various other social identities that intersect with gender. This research shows that the relationships resulting from these interactions are, in fact, asymmetrically formed and reconstructed at the micro-level of experience through the exercise of xenophobic expressions of relative sociocultural power and privilege. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 20th century, the General Drafting Company was one of the "Big Three" American road map makers. When it came to the Company's Christmas card maps cultural biases overrode their commitment to accuracy and high standards. Starting in 1930, General Drafting produced a series of Christmas card maps that featured Santa Claus. Cultural and regional stereotypes are highlighted in the 1930s maps; the 1950s maps also reveal a prominent American nationalist worldview. Although Santa Claus generally serves as an avatar for the benevolent "Traditional American" who is generous and jolly, the Santa of General Drafting maps portray him differently. Santas are seen harvesting natural resources, hunting animals, and being shown deference by non-Americans while disparaging the Soviet Union. Most disturbingly, Santa is shooting a Native American in the back, and enslaving other Santas in Siberia. The abhorrent behavior is being cloaked by the kindly image of Santa Claus to make his (America's) actions more palatable. These Christmas card maps are compelling and unique examples that illustrate how accurate cartography can be supplanted by deeply engrained cultural stereotypes and ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies on environmental justice have paid limited attention to procedural injustice in parks. Using the concept of slow violence, this paper interrogates the ideological and philosophical foundations of American public parks in order to unearth enduring structural patterns of procedural injustice. The paper illustrates that community, state, and national parks in the U.S. were founded upon the elitism, eugenics, and racism of affluent and powerful White conservationists and social reformers. To materialize their own interests, the White elite defined, built, and managed public parks by displacing, excluding, and criminalizing the Indigenous, the poor, people of color, and immigrants. As such, many of today's park injustices, such as inequitable park availability and quality, gentrification, and non-visitation of people of color, originated from the beginning of the public parks in the 19th century and have been sustained ever since. The paper discusses corrective justice strategies to alleviate the enduring slow violence in parks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this interview, Aurelien Mondon and Simon Dawes analyse the mainstreaming of far-right politics. It aims to make sense of Marine Le Pen's rise by putting it in perspective and accounting for the role of the mainstream itself in the process. Building on the research Mondon has undertaken with colleagues, this interview explores in particular the importance of understanding mainstreaming beyond it being the success of the far right or a sign of its growing popularity. In particular, this requires a more critical take on issues such as populism, but also articulations of racism, to understand how politics which had been relegated to the margins of history have returned to the norm and occupy today a disproportionate space in public discourse. Far from downplaying the threat posed by the far right today, Mondon stresses that combatting it is of course essential, but that a more holistic approach, which tackles the role of mainstream actors in the legitimisation of reactionary politics, is essential if we are to stop the slide towards fascism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the growing number of murders of black people, many of whom were institutionalized, and based on emblematic cases, this paper aims to reflect on crime, the criminal, and the structural and historical racism of countries such as Brazil and the USA by following the psychoanalytic theory. It questions whether we have really overcome the systemic and indiscriminate racism of the Brazilian slavery period, or whether such racism has only changed its foundations, institutionalizing and persecuting black people as scapegoats against whom legalized punishment is authorized, or who are seen as evil incarnate and susceptible to punishment. Therefore, it seems that a current mode of enslavement allows us to choose black people as the criminals of our unconscious, for whom death is allowed, justified, and even necessary, in order to satisfy the desire to enjoy the suffering of the other, classifying that part of society as dispensable, since we support an ideal of a country that fosters slavery values and relegates evil to black people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alternative Francophone is the property of Alternative Francophone and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)