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Abstract Background sexual violence includes all sexual acts consummated or attempt to obtain them, unwanted sexual comments and actions that go against the other’s sexuality through coercion, which can be done through the use of physical force, psychological pressure, extortion or threat, this phenomenon appears in all life cycles. Identified the frequency and characteristics of sexual violence against women in a state in the southeastern region of Brazil. from 2011 to 2018. Method this is a cross-sectional epidemiological study that evaluated all cases of sexual violence reported in Espírito Santo, present in the Information System of Diseases and Notifications of the Ministry of Health from 2011 to 2018. The analysis was based on performed in Stata 14.1. Results the prevalence of notification of sexual violence was 13.2% (CI95%: 12.8–13.5). Most victims were women (PR: 3.38), aged between 0 and 9 years (PR: 19), with a higher prevalence in people without disabilities or disorders (PR: 1.18) and residents of urban/periurban area (PR: 1.15). Men were the most frequent aggressors (PR: 13.79), with the most prevalent cases being reported by people unknown to the victim (PR: 6.01). The occurrence was 78% more reported at home and committed by an aggressor (PR:1.19). Most cases were repeated (PR:1.13). Conclusions the notification of sexual violence in Espírito Santo was high and evidenced the vulnerability of some groups, as well as the profile of the perpetrators. It is necessary to work on training professionals in the areas of health and education in relation to the identification of cases of sexual violence, mainly due to the significant involvement of children and adolescents.

IntroductionIntimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue, characterized by being a highly stressful experience for its victims. The relationship between IPV and stress creates a harmful cycle with broad health implications, affecting individuals and society at large. Despite its significance, there's a noticeable lack of research on this topic, especially regarding IPV throughout one's life and during the pandemic.ObjectiveTo verify the association between perceived stress and the history of intimate partner violence throughout life and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsAnalytical cross-sectional epidemiological study with a sample of 1,086 women. Sociodemographic information and violence history, assessed using the World Health Organization Violence Against Women (WHO VAW STUDY), along with perceived stress measured by the short version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), were collected. The sampling process unfolded through multiple stages. For bivariate analyses, the t-test and ANOVA were performed, whereas for multivariate analyses simple and multiple linear regression were performed. The software Stata® version 15.1 and R® were used.ResultsWomen who reported having suffered intimate partner violence throughout their lives had higher means of stress (18.49), with an average increase of 4 points without adjustments and 3.5 points after adjustments for sociodemographic variables. Similarly, during the COVID-19 pandemic (19.01), stress increased by an average of 3.3 points, which was reduced to 2.8 points after adjustments.ConclusionThe results indicate an association between intimate partner violence and an increase in women's perceived stress, both throughout life and during the pandemic. The importance of preventive approaches, promoting gender equality and preventing IPV from the early stages of life is highlighted. In addition, they underscore the urgency of evidence-based interventions of a comprehensive nature to deal with this complex issue in a careful and effective manner. The cross-sectional nature of this study limits the inference of causality, and an additional limitation is acknowledged concerning information bias. This bias relates to the multifaceted issues surrounding the concept of violence, potentially influencing the accuracy of participants' information and complicating the measurement of violence.

Objective: to identify the notification frequency of interpersonal violence against adolescents in Espírito Santo, Brazil, and its associated factors. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with data from the Information System on Notifiable Health Problems from 2011 to 2018. The associations were tested by means of Pearson's chi-square test and Poisson regression. Results: the frequency of interpersonal violence was 72.2%. The outcome was associated with male adolescents, aged from 10 to 12 years old, of black/brown race/skin color, with no disabilities/disorders, occurrence on public roads, and male aggressors who were suspected of alcohol consumption (p

Objetivo: identificar la frecuencia de notificación de casos de violencia interpersonal contra adolescentes en Espírito Santo, Brasil, y los factores asociados. Método: estudio transversal realizado entre 2011 y 2018 con datos del Sistema de Información sobre Problemas de Salud de Notificación Obligatoria. Las asociaciones se sometieron a las pruebas chi-cuadrado de Pearson y regresión de Poisson. Resultados: la frecuencia de violencia interpersonal fue del 72,2%. El desenlace se asoció con adolescentes varones, de 10 a 12 años de edad, de raza negra/morena y sin discapacidades/trastornos; al igual que con incidentes en la vía pública y agresores del sexo masculino bajo sospecha de consumo de alcohol (p

Objetivo: identificar a frequência de notificação de violência interpessoal contra adolescentes no Espírito Santo – Brasil, e os fatores associados. Método: estudo transversal com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação de 2011 a 2018. As associações foram testadas pelo teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a frequência de violência interpessoal foi de 72,2%. O desfecho esteve associado a adolescentes do sexo masculino; com idade de 10 a 12 anos; da raça/cor preta/parda; que não apresentavam deficiências/transtornos; à ocorrência em via pública; aos agressores do sexo masculino e que estavam sob suspeita de consumo de álcool (p< 0,05). Conclusão: a violência interpessoal é um agravo de sérias implicações ao longo da vida. Esse estudo contribui para revelar a importância da vigilância de violência, a fim de conhecer a magnitude do agravo, bem como suas características para promoção da saúde, prevenção do evento e intervenção.

Resumo Introdução A violência contra a mulher consiste em um importante agravo de saúde pública, com elevada magnitude e impacto na saúde. Objetivo Verificar a associação entre a violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo ao longo da vida e as características socioeconômicas e reprodutivas da mulher. Método Estudo transversal, realizado em 2014, em 26 unidades de saúde, no município de Vitória, Espírito Santo. Amostra com 991 mulheres, de faixa etária entre 20 e 59 anos, com parceiro íntimo nos 12 meses anteriores à entrevista. Os dados socioeconômicos, as características reprodutivas e os três tipos de violência contra a mulher (psicológica, sexual ou física) foram coletados. Na análise dos dados, foram empregados o teste qui-quadrado, com nível de significância de 5%, e a regressão de Poisson, para obter as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada para fatores de confusão. Resultados O modelo final ajustado mostrou que a violência física, psicológica e sexual se associou à escolaridade, situação conjugal, recusa do parceiro a usar preservativo nas relações sexuais, número de parceiros sexuais no último ano e número de filhos. A primeira relação sexual forçada permaneceu associada à violência sexual, assim como a idade da coitarca com a violência física e psicológica. Conclusão Prevalências de violência contra a mulher estão associadas a fatores socioeconômicos e reprodutivos.

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar a frequência de casos notificados e fatores associados à violência recorrente na infância no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com casos notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação em 2011-2018. As associações foram testadas pelo teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e regressão de Poisson estratificada por sexo. Resultados: A frequência de violência recorrente foi de 32,5%. Nos meninos, ela se associou às idades da criança (RP=1,38 - IC95% 1,11;1,73) e do agressor (RP=1,85 - IC95% 1,30;2,63), e à ocorrência na residência (RP=1,61 - IC95% 1,23;2,11); nas meninas, associou-se à idade (RP=1,39 - IC95% 1,20;1,60), presença de deficiência e/ou transtorno na vítima (RP=1,43 - IC95% 1,22;1,67), pais agressores (RP=3,70 - IC95% 1,65;8,32) e ocorrência na residência (RP=1,39 - IC95% 1,10;1,75). Conclusão: A violência recorrente apresentou-se em quase um terço das notificações de violência contra a criança no estado, sendo necessário o reconhecimento de seus fatores associados para a elaboração de políticas de prevenção.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of violence during pregnancy and the association with the socioeconomic, behavioral and clinical characteristics of pregnant women. METHODS Cross-sectional study in a low-risk maternity hospital in the municipality of Cariacica, Espírito Santo. A total of 330 puerperal women were interviewed from August to October 2017. Information on socioeconomic, behavioral, reproductive and clinical characteristics, as well as life experiences, was collected through a questionnaire. To identify the types of violence, the proper World Health Organization instrument was used. Gross bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed and adjusted for Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS Prevalence was 16.1% (95%CI 2.5–20.4) for psychological violence, 7.6% (95%CI 5.1–11.0) for physical violence and 2.7% (95%CI 1.4–5.2) for sexual violence. Psychological violence remained associated with age, family income, beginning of sexual life, disease in pregnancy, desire to interrupt pregnancy and number of partners. Physical violence was associated with schooling, beginning of sexual life and disease in pregnancy. Sexual violence remained associated with marital status and desire to interrupt pregnancy (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Psychological violence by an intimate partner was the most prevalent among pregnant women. Women that were younger, had lower income and less schooling, who started their sexual life before the age of 14 and who wished to interrupt pregnancy, experienced violence more frequently during pregnancy.

In caring for the breast-feeding woman, one can perceive the need for improvement and individualization of the nursing care and the use of standardized terminology, which favors the exchange of knowledge and the uniformization of communication between nurses. This is an exploratory-descriptive study undertaken with the objective of constructing assertions of diagnoses/results for the phenomenon of Exclusive breastfeeding, based on the guidelines of the International Council of Nurses and the terms of the Seven Axis Model of the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) Version 1.0, complemented with those of the literature in the area. The combinations of terms resulted in six nursing diagnoses/results. It is concluded that the CIPE® can be facilitative in the implantation of the nursing process, supporting the systematic documentation of the activities and making possible the use of specific terminology, which contributes to organizing the assistance to breast-feeding women.

The aim of this descriptive, cross-sectional and qualitative study was to investigate the socio-economic and obstetric profile of puerperae assisted in a maternity unit in the North of Espírito Santo. Approximately 54% of the women were in the age range 20 to 29 years old, 83.6% were married or lived with a partner, 49.5% stated that they were of mixed race, 32.8% had finished junior high school, 49.8% had an income of not more than one minimum salary, 61.6% belong to social class C and 89.2% were attended by the Unified Health System (SUS). It was ascertained that 72.4% had had one to two pregnancies, 53.9% with an interpartal interval of 2 to 5 years, 62.2% with Caesarean section, approximately 60% had had seven or more pre-natal consultations and 87% denied having a history of miscarriage. It is concluded that the profile of puerperae is similar to that found in other studies and the need is evidenced for the service to be attent to the non-undertaking of pre-natal consultations among young puerperae and the high prevalence of Caesarean births.

This retrospective and descriptive study aimed to outline the profile of patients receiving bariatric surgery in a teaching hospital in Vitória, in the state of Espirito Santo, based on examination of the patient health records of 54 patients who received the surgery between January and December 2010. It was observed that the majority were married women from the metropolitan region, who had completed high school (37%) and had a monthly income varying between less than one minimum salary and up to three minimum salaries (66.7%). The age range attended most was patients between 26 and 35 years of age, with an average age of 37. In relation to the co-morbidities, 14 patients had three or more co-morbidities associated with obesity, and a Body Mass Index over 50 kg/m² was identified in 20 patients. The results emphasize the importance of actions for preventing ill health in the face of the co-morbidities associated with obesity.

A descriptive study with a quantitative approach, whose objective was to outline the socio-economic, clinical, behavioral and reproductive profile of the women of the town of São Mateus – in the state of Espírito Santo who were living through the diagnosis of breast cancer in the period from 2005 to 2010. 23 women were interviewed, between January and April 2011. Approximately 70% were in the age range 36 to 49 and ≥ 60; 60,9% were married or cohabiting; 47.8% had not finished their primary education and 39,2% belonged to class D; 26,1% had a family history of mammary neoplasm and 78,2% had discovered the cancer through self-examination; 52,2% had undergone non-conservative surgery; 87% had already been pregnant and 60% had their first pregnancy between 20 and 29 years of age; 78,3% carried out self-examinations and 87% the mammography. The study allowed the identification of needs and behaviors which may be changed.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Verificar associação entre a história de violência contra a mulher e características sociodemográficas e comportamentais do parceiro íntimo. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 938 mulheres usuárias da atenção básica de saúde, com idade entre 20 e 59 anos e que no momento da entrevista possuíam parceiro íntimo. Foram coletadas informações sobre as características sociodemográficas e comportamentais, do parceiro íntimo, bem como foi aplicado o instrumento World Health Organization Violence Against Woman (WHO VAW Study) para o rastreamento da violência psicológica, física e sexual vivenciada no último ano. Foi realizada análise bivariada, por meio do teste do c2 de Pearson, e multivariada usando regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados: As maiores prevalências de violência psicológica, física e sexual estiveram significativamente associadas aos parceiros que não possuíam ocupação e que recusaram o uso do preservativo nas relações sexuais. Homens que foram considerados controladores e que ingeriam bebida alcoólica estiveram associados a maior perpetração de violência psicológica e física (p < 0,05). Parceiros com até 8 anos de escolaridade apresentam maior frequência de prática de violência psicológica (RP = 1,32; IC95% 1,05 - 1,66), enquanto a violência sexual foi significativamente maior entre as mulheres cujos parceiros fumavam (RP = 1,94; IC95% 1,11 - 3,38). Conclusões: Esses dados evidenciam a importância de os profissionais de saúde atuarem juntamente a outros setores, tais como educação e segurança, no enfrentamento ao álcool e outras drogas, bem como na abordagem das questões de gênero.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos pós-parto entre puérperas e sua associação com a violência. Métodos Estudo transversal com puérperas atendidas em uma maternidade pública de Cariacica, ES, Brasil, em 2017. Utilizou-se questionário elaborado pelos autores e instrumentos validados. Na análise, realizou-se teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e a associação foi apresentada por razão de prevalências (RP) e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados A prevalência de sintomas depressivos pós-parto foi 36,7% (IC95% 31,6;42,0). Renda familiar total associou-se inversamente com essa prevalência (p

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à realização da mamografia em mulheres com idade de 40 a 59 anos, usuárias da atenção primária à saúde, em Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal, em 26 unidades de saúde; os dados foram coletados de março a setembro de 2014; as variáveis independentes descreveram características sociodemográficas, comportamentais e reprodutivas, com o desfecho de realização de mamografia a cada dois anos. Resultados: participaram 400 usuárias, das quais 57,8% realizaram a mamografia a cada dois anos; a realização do exame foi mais prevalente entre mulheres de 50 a 59 anos (RP=1,48 - IC95%1,25;1,75), da classe econômica A/B (RP=1,81 - IC95%1,22;2,68) e que não menstruam (RP=1,31 - IC95%1,08;1,60). Conclusão: apesar de a proporção de realização da mamografia estar conforme o recomendado, no grupo de 50 a 59 anos, observa-se maior frequência na classe A/B, o que sugere desigualdade no acesso ao exame.

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to describe attitudes and the culture of safety from the perspective of nurses. Eighty-three nurses participated in the study and answered the questionnaire “Safety Attitudes Questionnaire – Short Form 2006”, which was translated into Portuguese. Data collection was carried out between April and May 2015 in a hospital located in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The mean score was 66, and varied between 54.8 for ‘Perception of management’ to 78.3 for ‘Job satisfaction’. A positive perception of the safety culture was shown by scores of >75 points in average only for ‘Job satisfaction’. Most participants (89%) agree that mistakes are dealt with appropriately. Five of the six fields assessed obtained negative scores, which showed the need for planning and developing strategies oriented toward an effective culture of patient safety.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between intimate partner violence and not performing the cytopathologic test in the last three years. METHODS It is a transversal study, performed in 26 health units in the city of Vitória, state Espírito Santo, from march to September 2014. The sample was constituted by 106 primary care female users, aging from 30 to 59 years-old. Data on cervical cancer screening were collected, besides the women’s sociodemographic, behavior, obstetric, and gynecological characteristics by an interview, and the World Health Organization recommended tool for identifying violence experiences was applied. The analysis was performed through the chi-square test for association, linear trend for ordinal variables, and the Poisson regression analysis with robust variance. RESULTS Among the participating women, 14% (95%CI 12.0–17.2) had overdue Pap tests. Most women who did not perform the test had lower schooling levels, lower income, were smokers, in an unmarried union, having had their sexual debut before 15 years-old, three or more pregnancies, and two or more partners in the last 12 months. Women who suffered intimate partner sexual and physical violence were, respectively, 1.64 (95%CI -1.03–2.62) and 1.94 (95%CI 1.28–2.93) times more delayed in the Pap tests than non-victims. CONCLUSIONS Violence is a significant exacerbating factor and affects women’s health negatively. Women who are physically or sexually victimized by their partners are more vulnerable to not performing Pap tests and, consequently, have fewer chances of early diagnosing cervical cancer.

This was an integrative literature review, with the aim to describe the social networks that support women during breastfeeding. The search took place in January 2014 with the following inclusion criteria: articles written in Portuguese, English and Spanish, published from 2004 to 2013, available on the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on-line databases, using the “social conditions, social support, breastfeeding and family” descriptors. Twenty-three articles in Portuguese and three in English were found. After analysis, three categories were defined: family support; support from health professionals and social support. In conclusion, partners, grandmothers and female figures (sisters, aunts) were the women’s most cited social agents. Health professionals form an important support network for continuing breastfeeding.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with psychological, physical and sexual violence in women victims of intimate partner violence assisted in the primary care services. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in 26 health units in Vitória, State of Espírito Santo, from March to September 2014. We interviewed 991 women aged 20-59 years. To classify the psychological, physical and sexual violence, the World Health Organization instrument on violence against women was used and a questionnaire to investigate the sociodemographic, behavioral characteristics, and the women’s family and life history was developed. The statistical analyzes used were Poisson regression, Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square. RESULTS The prevalence we observed were psychological 25.3% (95%CI 22.6–28.2); physical 9.9% (95%CI 8.1–11.9) and sexual 5.7% (95%CI 4.3–7.3). Psychological violence remained associated with education, marital status, maternal history of intimate partner violence, sexual violence in childhood and drug use, while physical assault was related to age, education, marital status and maternal history of intimate partner violence. Sexual violence occurred the most among women with low income, and victims of sexual violence in childhood. CONCLUSIONS Psychological, physical and sexual violence showed highly frequency among women assisted by primary care services. Sociodemographic and behavioral factors, personal experiences, and maternal violence influence the phenomenon.