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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the self-care assessment questionnaire that is used to study the level of self-care in healthy adults. In the first stage, the self-care assessment questionnaire was translated from English to Persian using the forward-backward method. The final Persian version was evaluated in terms of translation clarity, compliance with Iranian culture, and consistency with concepts in the original version. Subsequently, the psychometric properties of the tool were determined. During the translation and localization process, changes were made to the Persian version for a better understanding. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the different dimensions of the tool was within the desired range (0.782-0.924). Considering the importance and necessity of a self-care assessment questionnaire in healthy adults, a comprehensive and multidimensional questionnaire was selected and localized. This questionnaire can be used to improve the level of health and self-care.

Introduction: In order to familiarize faculty members of medical sciences with teaching methods and techniques, a number of teaching method workshops are being held at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in which about 40 teaching methods are taught to faculty members. This study investigates the faculty memebres’ knowledge and application of these methods that were instructed to them from year 2003 to 2011 in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on faculty members of Tehran University of Medical Sciences who participated in teaching methods workshops. Using stratified sampling method, 205 of these faculty members were selected. Data gathering tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire made by researcher which evaluated knowledge level of members about those 40 trained methods. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (mean and analysis of variance). Results: The furthermost rate of knowledge and application of methods by members were belonged to lecture method (mean and SD= 8.55±1.15) and the lowermost of them matched to telepraxis method (mean and SD= 0.75±1.07). 155 faculties (75.6%) were satisfied with workshops. Moreover, speech was the most widely used technique (more than 90%). Programmed lecture was the most appropriate method from the viewpoints of participants. At last, 155 of participants (75.6%) were satisfied with workshops. Conclusion: Despite the efforts of universuty in training new methods over past 10 years, faculty members showed more interest to use traditional methods.

To study and compare the attitudes, concerns, perceived impact and coping strategies for avian influenza (AI) among the first year medical students (FYMS) ‎and interns in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This was a cross sectional study carried out on FYMS (n=158) and interns (n=158) in 2008. The data collection tool was a questionnaire containing 37 questions in five parts. The three choices including "agree, disagree and unsure" were considered for all questions. We used Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests for analysis. Most of FYMS and interns (78.2%) believed their health would be depended on the care of their selves. Most of them (95.3%) believed that if they knew avian flu better, they could be more prepared for it. The majority were concerned about risk to their health from their work (62.7%). Most (67.7%) accepted the risk and only 5 (1.6%) would consider stopping work. For non-work concerns, 70.9% were concerned about their spouses/sexual partners and 65.8% about their children. For perceived impact, most (66.5%) believed that they would feel stressed at work and the majority (74.4%) expected an increased workload. FYMS and interns have positive attitudes but major concerns about contracting AI and its relation to medical practice.

Objective(s): The present study was performed to determine relationship between maternal nutrition status and infantschr('39') birth weight. Maternal nutrition status was assessed by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), weight gain, intake of iron and folic acid supplements during pregnancy. Methods: This case-control study was included 46 cases (women who had delivered low birth weight infants) and 92 controls (women who had delivered infants with more than 2500 gr). They were selected from population who received prenatal cares from health care centers in south of Tehran. Data were collected from present documents in the centers and completed by telephone interviewing. Then data were analyzed in spss13 by t-test or χ2. Crude odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: There was no difference between maternal jobs, age, parity, birth interval, and delivery type in case and control groups. Weight gain (P

"nEvidence-based Medicine (EBM) is becoming an integral component of graduate medical education competency and a requirement for grad medical education practice-based learning core competency. This study tries to compare the efficacy of conferences utilizing small-group discussions with the traditional conference method in enhancing EBM competency. The participants in this randomized controlled trial (RCT) were 170 members of the medical faculty who were divided into two groups of 86 (intervention) and 84 (control). Following the intervention, EBM competency was assessed by a written examination. statistical analysis made use of chi-square test, independent sample t-test and relative risks for univariate analysis. Mantel-Hanszel was used for bivariate analysis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate multivariate-adjusted associations between EBM educational intervention and EBM knowledge, attitude and skills. A new indicator of number needed to intervention (NNI) was defined and computed. Results: The results proved conference along with small-group discussion to be a more effective teaching method with P=0.001 on knowledge, P

مقدمه: درمان مناسب اسکلروز متعدد (Multiple sclerosis یا MS) می‌تواند نقش بسزایی در کاهش بار این بیماری مزمن داشته باشد. در این مطالعه به بررسی میزان اثربخشی طب سوزنی در درمان درد و خستگی مزمن مبتلایان به MS پرداختیم. روش‌ها: این مطالعه‌ی مداخله‌ای آینده‌نگر بر روی 49 بیمار مبتلا به MS انجام شد. بیماران به مدت 6 ماه هر دو هفته یک بار قرار تحت درمان طب سوزنی قرار گرفتند. میزان امتیاز خستگی و درد در بیماران بر اساس پرسشنامه‌ی ODI (Oswestry disability index) تعیین و در ابتدا و انتهای درمان مقایسه گردید. یافته‌ها: میانگین امتیاز ODI قبل از درمان 74/3 ± 16/41 و بعد از درمان 14/5 ± 59/33 بود که اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری داشت (001/0 > P). متغیرهای مورد بررسی در پرسشنامه‌ی ODI کاهش معنی‌داری را در فاز بعد از درمان با طب سوزنی نشان دادند (001/0 > P). نتیجه‌گیری: از آن جایی که خستگی و درد در MS از علایم ذهنی (Subjective) هستند و فاکتورهای متعددی در آن‌ها نقش دارند نیاز به مطالعات وسیع‌تر با حجم نمونه‌ی بالا و همسان‌سازی و در نظر گرفتن EDSS (Expanded disability status scale) بیماران وجود دارد تا در صورت تأیید نتایج، این روش در بیماران مبتلا به MS استفاده شود. واژگان کلیدی: اسکلروز متعدد، طب سوزنی، اثربخشی

To study and compare the attitudes, concerns, perceived impact and coping strategies for avian influenza (AI) among the first year medical students (FYMS) ‎and interns in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This was a cross sectional study carried out on FYMS (n=158) and interns (n=158) in 2008. The data collection tool was a questionnaire containing 37 questions in five parts. The three choices including "agree, disagree and unsure" were considered for all questions. We used Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests for analysis. Most of FYMS and interns (78.2%) believed their health would be depended on the care of their selves. Most of them (95.3%) believed that if they knew avian flu better, they could be more prepared for it. The majority were concerned about risk to their health from their work (62.7%). Most (67.7%) accepted the risk and only 5 (1.6%) would consider stopping work. For non-work concerns, 70.9% were concerned about their spouses/sexual partners and 65.8% about their children. For perceived impact, most (66.5%) believed that they would feel stressed at work and the majority (74.4%) expected an increased workload. FYMS and interns have positive attitudes but major concerns about contracting AI and its relation to medical practice.

Evidence-based Medicine (EBM) is becoming an integral component of graduate medical education competency and a requirement for grad medical education practice-based learning core competency. This study tries to compare the efficacy of conferences utilizing small-group discussions with the traditional conference method in enhancing EBM competency. The participants in this randomized controlled trial (RCT) were 170 members of the medical faculty who were divided into two groups of 86 (intervention) and 84 (control). Following the intervention, EBM competency was assessed by a written examination. statistical analysis made use of chi-square test, independent sample t-test and relative risks for univariate analysis. Mantel-Hanszel was used for bivariate analysis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate multivariate-adjusted associations between EBM educational intervention and EBM knowledge, attitude and skills. A new indicator of number needed to intervention (NNI) was defined and computed. Results: The results proved conference along with small-group discussion to be a more effective teaching method with P=0.001 on knowledge, P

Epilepsy is a chronic disease that affects different aspects of life; so we studied the quality of life of epileptic patients and compared it with general population of Tehran. We collected clinical and demographic data and studied quality of life by using the Iranian translation of Short Form 36 questionnaire version 2 (SF-36). The questionnaires were filled out by 200 patients with epilepsy referred to the Epilepsy Institute as outpatients. The mean age of our patients was 32.6 years. 54.5% were male. More than 60% of our patients had generalized tonic colonic seizures and seizure frequency was more than once a month in about 40% of them. Patients had lower scores in all subscales of SF-36, which were significantly lower than the general population. Mental health and vitality were the most affected by the disease and physical functioning was the least. Age, marital status, number of children, type of seizure and duration of disease had no effect on quality of life, but gender, educational level, occupation and income did influence quality of life. Clinical factors with significant effects on quality of life were as follows: number of taken drugs, number of adverse effects of drugs, frequency of seizures, and the time passed from last seizure. So we recommend treating patients using least number of drugs with minimum side effects. Striving for seizure free patients is very important and it is vital that we regard quality of life as an important factor in selecting appropriate treatment for patients.