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Employees increasingly conduct work outside of traditional work hours via information communication technologies (ICTs). There is a need to understand how after‐hours ICT use relates to well‐being, given that such connectivity has become unavoidable. We implement an episodic, event‐contingent design to evaluate the association between different ICT media (i.e., e‐mail, phone call, chat app, short message service) and the within‐person outcomes of psychological detachment as partially mediated by task productivity. A daily diary survey was collected over three consecutive workdays to capture after‐hours ICT use. Daily surveys were completed by 498 individuals, with a total of 1494 episodes being captured of after‐hours work ICT engagement. Our results indicate that while engagement with any form of ICT after hours reduces psychological detachment, email and chat apps are associated with the lowest levels of psychological detachment. Moreover, whereas the use of asynchronous ICT has positive main effects on episode‐related task productivity, the use of synchronous ICT (e.g., phone) only enhances episode‐related task productivity when there are high organizational expectations for employees' responsiveness after hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To gather information on practices and perceptions of high-performance experts regarding their athletes' muscle fiber-type composition (MFTC) and its estimation. Methods: A questionnaire on the noninvasive versus invasive estimation of MFTC was completed by 446 experts including coaches and sport-science/sports-medicine staff. Moreover, the perceived importance of MFTC for training and performance optimization was assessed. Differences between sport types (individual and team sports) were analyzed using chi-square tests. Results: Forty percent of the experts implemented MFTC assessment in pursuit of performance optimization, while 50% did not know their athletes' MFTC but expressed a desire to implement it if they would be able to assess MFTC. Ten percent did not perceive value in MFTC assessment. Only 18% of experts believed that their athletes would undergo a muscle biopsy, leading to the adoption of alternative noninvasive techniques. Experts primarily relied on their experience to estimate MFTC (65%), with experts working in individual sports using their experience more frequently than those working in team sports (68% vs 51%; P =.009). Jump tests emerged as the second-most commonly employed method for estimating MFTC (56%). When only considering experts who are currently using MFTC, 87% use MFTC to individualize training volume and 84% to individualize training intensity. Conclusions: Experts value MFTC assessment primarily to individualize training but mainly rely on noninvasive methods to estimate MFTC. Some of these methods lack scientific validity, suggesting a continuing need for education and further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations utilize self‐regulation promoting interventions to empower employees in managing challenges and resources autonomously. However, there is limited understanding of how these interventions impact employee task performance and innovative behavior, as well as which processes are critical for their effectiveness. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of two self‐regulation promoting interventions—the Productivity Measurement and Enhancement Systems intervention (ProMES), a job crafting intervention, and their combination—on individual employee performance and innovation through selected process variables. We collected data before, during, and after the interventions over 16 weeks among 123 employees across three experimental and one control group. Consistent with predictions, participants of the ProMES intervention reported a higher level of perceived team climate, which consequently contributed to greater individual innovative behavior. Participants in the job crafting intervention exhibited an increase in job crafting behaviors, which consequently increased innovative behavior and task performance. Unexpectedly, the combined intervention yielded negative effects on both innovative behavior and task performance. The findings suggest that while self‐regulation promoting interventions increase favorable outcomes through different mechanisms their combination may impair relevant processes and, more generally, overwhelm employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Psychological difficulties can adversely affect rehabilitation outcomes and make return to sport more difficult . Identifying psychological difficulties is possible with valid and reliable measurement tools. The purpose of this study is to translate and culturally adapt the Reinjury Anxiety Inventory (RIAI), the Sport Injury Rehabilitation Adherence Scale (SIRAS), and the Athletic Injury Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AISEQ) into Turkish and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish versions. Design: Cross-sectional study . Methods.· The instruments were forward- and back-translated, culturally adapted, and validated on 248 athletes and 34 physical therapists. The physical therapists of the athletes completed the SIRAS to evaluate the athletes. Statistical analysis included reliability tests (Cronbach alpha and test-retest), exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlational analysis . Floor and ceiling effects (< 15%) were also assessed. Results : Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a satisfactory model fit for the RIAI and the AISEQ, and exploratory factor analysis revealed the 1 -factor structure for the SIRAS as in the original. All 3 instruments displayed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficients ranged from .84 to .88) and test-retest reliability (coefficients ranged from .81 to .93). Convergent validity of the instruments was supported by significant correlations between the AISEQ and both the RIAI and the SIRAS. Conclusions : Our results suggest that the Turkish versions of the instruments were valid, consistent, and reliable in athletes who have serious injuries. Scores on these instruments could be useful for evaluating the contributions of psychological factors to return to sport following serious injuries. Clinicians are encouraged to use RIAI-Turkish (RIAI-TR), SIRAS-Turkish (SIRAS- TR), and AISEQ-Turkish (AISEQ-TR) together to make decisions about the treatment and rehabilitation plans of injured athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We integrate the job characteristics and dual work passion models to explore the indirect (via work meaningfulness) effects of job characteristics (i.e., job autonomy, task identity, skill variety, task significance, feedback from the job and feedback from others) on two types of work passion, harmonious passion (HP) and obsessive passion (OP). We first advance occupation‐specific predictions for job characteristics‐to‐work passion relationships and then explore differences in those relationships between HP and OP across four occupational sectors: knowledge work (n = 201), blue‐collar work (n = 148), nonprofit work (n = 141), and managerial work (n = 133). Our findings demonstrate that job characteristics are important drivers of work passion. However, our key discovery is that the motivational impact of the job characteristics is not universally applicable but rather depends on the specific occupational context and whether passion is harmonious or obsessive. We therefore conclude that when it comes to translating job characteristics into work passion, the one‐size‐fits‐all approach is not appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employers face many dilemmas in effectively implementing work–life flexibility to support employees' personal lives. A key issue is that some employees hold jobs with limited opportunities for work–life flexibility, making them susceptible to burnout; yet most employers believe they can do little to mitigate this dynamic. Furthermore, even when employees hold jobs with greater access to work–life flexibility, some do not take advantage of their flexibility to more fully engage in work and/or home roles. These issues are further exacerbated when supervisors are unsure of their role in supporting work–life flexibility. We identify work–life supportive context as a key factor that provides solutions to these dilemmas. Drawing on job demands resources theory, we posit that, when organizations provide work–life supportive training to supervisors, it promotes a work–life supportive context (i.e., signaling that the organization is supportive of employees' managing their work–life interface), which mitigates burnout for those with limited work–life flexibility and promotes engagement in work and home roles for those with greater work–life flexibility. Results from a year‐long randomized field experiment suggest that, in contexts with trained supervisors and lower employee control over work schedules and boundaries (i.e., lower work–life flexibility), emotional exhaustion is reduced. In contexts with trained supervisors and higher employee control over work boundaries (i.e., higher work–life flexibility), family engagement increases. Surprisingly, irrespective of job access to work‐life flexibility, supervisor participation in work–life support training did not enhance employee work engagement. Implications of our findings for fostering work–life supportive contexts are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The monitoring of training loads and quantification of physical performance are common practices in youth soccer academies to support coaches in prescribing and programming training for individuals. The interaction between training load and physical performance is unknown during a preseason period in youth soccer players. The current study assessed changes in training load and physical assessments across a 4-week preseason period. The relationship between physical performance and match playing time in youth male soccer players was also investigated. Methods: The training loads of 25 professional youth academy male soccer players were monitored throughout a 4-week preseason period. Assessments of power, agility, speed, and aerobic capacity were undertaken in the first training session. Session ratings of perceived exertion (sRPE) and well-being questionnaires were collected during all training sessions and preseason matches. Playing time during subsequent competitive matches was recorded. Results: T test and 30-m-sprint assessments, conducted on the first day of preseason, were predictors of sRPE throughout preseason (t test χ2/df = 2.895, poor adjustment; 30-m sprint χ2/df = 1.608, good adjustment). YoYo Test performance was related with changes in perceived fatigue (χ2/df = 0.534, very good adjustment). Faster players reported higher values of sRPE, and players with higher aerobic capacity reported higher levels of fatigue across preseason. Well-being, perceived fatigue and soreness, and sRPE decreased across preseason. Greater match durations were related to higher levels of fatigue during preseason (P <.05). Conclusion: The current study highlights the relationship between training load, physical assessments, and playing time. Coaches and practitioners can use physical test data at the start of preseason as an indication of players that report higher sRPE, perceived fatigue, and reduced well-being across preseason, supporting decisions around individualized training prescriptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: COVID-19 caused major disruptions across the super-aged nation of Japan, yet few studies explored temporal changes among middle-aged and older cohorts from baseline to the height of community transmission. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior during global pandemics may alter patterns of morbidity and mortality among susceptible aging populations. Objectives: This study investigated patterns of physical activity, sitting behavior, and health among representative samples of middle-aged and older adults in Tokyo before and during the pandemic. Methods: Repeated online surveys were conducted with quota samples of 800 Tokyo residents in 2019 and 2021 using validated Japanese-language measures, including the short form-International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Basic Ecological Health Scale-6. Statistical analyses included comparative evaluations of activity parameters by age cohort, gender, and selected covariates. Statistical tests included the Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U test, chi-square test for Independence and Hierarchical Regression. Results: Over 34% of respondents were inactive at each data collection point, and 72% reported negative impacts of COVID-19 on their physical activities. Older adults showed no significant changes in their activity and sitting behavior and reported better health compared with those in middle age across the pandemic. Middle-aged males reported a significant decline in total activity of 33% across the pandemic period (U = 16,958, z = −2.64, p =.008, r =.13). Middle-aged females reported the lowest levels of physical activity, and health, and showed a 29% increase in sitting behavior across the pandemic (U = 16,925, z = −2.68, p =.007, r =.13). Subjective health status was consistently associated with higher overall activity and walking before and during the pandemic. Conclusion: Differential outcomes were identified between age and gender regarding health, physical activity, walking, and sitting across the pandemic with significantly worse impacts reported among middle-aged samples. Implications: These results have implications for healthy transitions to later life and the design of postpandemic interventions to address activity opportunities in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adequate sleep is crucial for elite athletes' recovery, performance readiness, and immune response. Establishing reference ranges for elite athletes enables appropriate contextualization for designing and targeting sleep interventions. Purpose: To establish sleep-quality reference ranges for Olympic and Paralympic cohorts using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and explore differences based on sex and sport types. Methods: Team USA athletes (men = 805, women = 798) completed the PSQI as part of a health-history questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to create reference ranges and linear models, and χ2 test of independence determined differences in PSQI global and component scores between sex, games, season, and participation. Results: Six hundred thirty-two (39.43%) athletes reported poor sleep (PSQIGlobal ≥ 5). Men displayed later bedtimes (P =.006), better global PSQI scores, shorter sleep latency, less sleep disturbance, and less use of sleep medication than women (all P <.001). Winter Games participants had later bedtime (P =.036) and sleep offset time (P =.028) compared with Summer Games athletes. Team-sport athletes woke earlier than individual-sport athletes (P <.001). Individual-sport athletes were more likely to have low (P =.005) and mild (P =.045) risk for reduced sleep duration than team-sport athletes. Conclusion: These data provide PSQI-specific reference ranges to identify groups at greatest risk for poor sleep, who may benefit most from targeted sleep interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Wheelchair Power Soccer (WPS) is the only team sport that allows the participation of people with severe physical disabilities who require the daily use of motorized wheelchairs. These individuals may live with chronic pain due to the characteristics of the disabilities and treatments, interfering with their health and limiting their participation in sports. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and its relationship with mood in WPS players and to analyze the incidence of traumatic injuries during a championship. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal study was carried out on 30 WPS athletes (93.33% male) with a mean (SD) (range) age of 22.37 (9.79) (47) years. Data collection was performed during a South American WPS Championship lasting 3 days, with: investigation of the presence of musculoskeletal pain and mood through a questionnaire; investigation of the occurrence of traumatic injuries through match observation; and confirmation of the occurrence of traumatic injuries through access to medical department records. Results: About 30% (n = 9/30) of the sample presented some pain on the day of evaluation, with an intensity of 5.67 (3.35) (10) points on the visual analog scale. The most common regions of pain were the lower back (13.3%, n = 4/30), thoracic (10%; n = 3/30), and cervical (10%; n = 3/30) areas of the spine. A total of 46.7% (n = 14/30) reported pain in the month before data collection but of less intensity (2.56 [4] [10] points), the most common regions being the lower limbs (20%; n = 6/30) and cervical spine (20%; n = 6/30). Among the between-group comparisons (ie, participants with pain vs without pain), no relationship was observed between mood state and pain. No traumatic injuries were identified during the competition. Conclusion: The presence of musculoskeletal pain was common in WPS players, but it was not related to mood. As no traumatic injuries were observed during the championship, this modality seems to be safe for people with physical disabilities in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although research identifies analytical and storytelling skills as the two broad human capital inputs required to perform people analytics, further research is required to better understand how People Analysts that is, the enactors of people analytics, perceive the impact of these skills on their performance. Accordingly, this study draws on the human capital resource (HCR) and HCR complementarity frameworks to investigate the individual and collective impact of analytical and storytelling skills on People Analysts perceived job performance. A mixed‐method sequential explanatory research design is adopted, finding mixed results. Consistent with existing research, results from Phase 1 find People Analysts perceive storytelling skills to be positively associated with their job performance. However, contrary to existing claims, the findings reveal that analytical skills are only perceived to be significant in influencing People Analysts job performance when combined with storytelling skills, supporting a complementarity HCR relationship. To further explain the findings from Phase 1, Phase 2 involved collecting data from 50 people analytics professionals via semi‐structured interviews. Results from the thematic analysis reinforce the survey findings while also illustrating that People Analysts perceive the complementarity relationship between analytical and storytelling skills as important for improving job performance. Accordingly, we argue that debate in this area should be reframed to acknowledge the necessity of complementarities in building people analytics capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The purpose of this study was to compare short-term clinical outcomes between meniscus procedures performed with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), ACLR (ACLR-only), ACLR with meniscectomy/resection (ACLR-resect), and ACLR with meniscal repair (ACLR-repair) for bone patellar tendon bone grafts (BPTB) and hamstring tendon grafts, separately. Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a controlled laboratory setting as part of a large point-of-care collaborative research program. Methods: This study included 314 participants (168 females; mean [SD]: age, 19.7 [4.8]) with primary unilateral ACLR with a BPTB or hamstring tendon. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on meniscal procedure (ACLR-only, ACLR-resect, and ACLR-repair). Postsurgical testing included: isokinetic assessment of knee extension and flexion, single-leg hop tests, and patient-reported outcomes. Multivariate analysis of covariance compared differences between meniscal procedures on the battery of tests, and for each statistically significant variable an analysis of covariance assessed the effect of meniscal procedure within each graft type. Chi-square analysis assessed the influence of meniscal procedure on tests' pass rates defined as 90% of limb symmetry index. Results: BPTB: ACLR-only had greater hamstring strength than ACLR-resect (P = .05) and ACLR-repair (P = .005). ACLR-only had the highest proportion of participants to pass the hamstring strength test (P=.02). amstring tendon: ACLR-only (P=.03) and ACLR-resect (P=.003) had higher International Knee Documentation Committee scale scores than ACLR-repair. There was a significant difference in the proportion of participants who scored >90% limb symmetry index on the timed hop test (P = .05). Conclusions: The influence of meniscal repair on clinical outcomes is dependent on the graft choice. Following an ACLR with BPTB and a meniscal procedure, hamstring function should be more closely monitored for optimal short-term recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) to assess the moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) level of children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and propose cut-points, with accelerometer measures as the reference method. Method: Children and adolescents, aged 8–14 years (mean age = 12.21 y, SD = 2.09), diagnosed with HIV by vertical transmission, participated in the study. MVPA was investigated through the PAQ-C and triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+). Receiver operating characteristic curve and sensitivity and specificity values were used to identify a cut-point for PAQ-C to distinguish participants meeting MVPA guidelines. Results: Fifty-six children and adolescents participated in the study. Among those, 16 met MVPA guidelines. The PAQ-C score was significantly related to accelerometry-derived MVPA (ρ =.506, P <.001). The PAQ-C score cut-point of 2.151 (sensitivity = 0.625, specificity = 0.875) was able to discriminate between those who met MVPA guidelines and those that did not (area under the curve = 0.751, 95% confidence interval, 0.616–0.886). Conclusion: The PAQ-C was useful to investigate MVPA among children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and to identify those who meet MVPA guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most people with intellectual disabilities have comorbid health conditions, which will impact optimization of sporting performance. Classification is used in Paralympic events to ensure that those with similar levels of functional ability compete fairly against each other. An evidence-based approach needs to be developed for athletes with intellectual disabilities to be classified in relation to their overall functional capacity into competition groups of similar ability. This research builds on previous work using the taxonomy of The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to group athletes with intellectual disabilities into comparable competition groups as an approach to Paralympic classification. Three groups of athletes—Virtus, Special Olympics, and Down syndrome—are compared using the ICF questionnaire indicating functional health status in relation to sporting performance. The questionnaire was found to discriminate between athletes with Down syndrome and other athletes, and an approach to using a cutoff score to develop competition classes is explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Few data are available on sleep characteristics of elite track-and-field athletes. Our study aimed to assess (1) differences in sleep between sexes and among different track-and-field disciplines, (2) the effect of individualized sleep-hygiene strategies on athletes' sleep parameters, and (3) daytime nap characteristics in track-and-field athletes. Methods: Sleep characteristics of 16 elite Olympic-level track-and-field athletes (male: n = 8; female: n = 8) were assessed during the preseason period, at baseline (T0), and during the in-season period, after the adoption of individualized sleep-hygiene strategies (T1). Sleep parameters were objectively monitored by actigraphy for a minimum of 10 days, for each athlete, at both T0 and T1. A total of 702 nights were analyzed (T0 = 425; T1 = 277). Results: Female athletes displayed better sleep efficiency (88.69 [87.69–89.68] vs 91.72 [90.99–92.45]; P =.003, effect size [ES]: 0.44), lower sleep latency (18.99 [15.97–22.00] vs 6.99 [5.65–8.32]; P <.001, ES: 0.65), higher total sleep time (07:03 [06:56–07:11] vs 07:18 [07:10–07:26]; P =.030, ES: 0.26), earlier bedtime (00:24 [00:16–00:32] vs 00:13 [00:04–00:22]; P =.027, ES: 0.18), and lower nap frequency (P <.001) than male athletes. Long-distance runners had earlier bedtime (00:10 [00:03–00:38] vs 00:36 [00:26–00:46]; P <.001, ES: 0.41) and wake-up time (07:41 [07:36–07:46] vs 08:18 [08:07–08:30]; P <.001, ES: 0.61), higher nap frequency, but lower sleep efficiency (88.79 [87.80–89.77] vs 91.67 [90.95–92.38]; P =.013, ES: 0.44), and longer sleep latency (18.89 [15.94–21.84] vs 6.69 [5.33–8.06]; P <.001, ES: 0.67) than athletes of short-term disciplines. Furthermore, sleep-hygiene strategies had a positive impact on athletes' total sleep time (429.2 [423.5–434.8] vs 451.4 [444.2–458.6]; P <.001, ES: 0.37) and sleep latency (14.33 [12.34–16.32] vs 10.67 [8.66–12.68]; P =.017, ES: 0.19). Conclusions: Sleep quality and quantity were suboptimal at baseline in Olympic-level track-and-field athletes. Large differences were observed in sleep characteristics between sexes and among different track-and-field disciplines. Given the positive effect of individualized sleep-hygiene strategies on athlete's sleep, coaches should implement sleep education sessions in the daily routine of top-level athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: An easy-to-administer, function-based questionnaire to assess patients with various foot problems was required for a Greek-speaking population. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Quick Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (Quick-FAAM) into Greek and evaluate its reliability and validity. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Established international guidelines for the cross-cultural adaptation of questionnaires were followed. The face and content validity of the Greek version of the Quick-FAAM (Quick-FAAM-GR), as well as the internal consistency and test-retest reliability upon repeated administration after 5 days, were examined. In addition, the construct validity of the scale was examined via exploratory factor analysis as well as by testing for associations with the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index, the 12-item Short-Form Survey (version 2), and a functional balance assessment test--the Y-Balance Test. Results: Sixty participants (18 women) with self-reported chronic ankle instability symptoms, with a median (interquartile range) age of 27 (7.7) years, participated in the study. Half of the participants were included in the test-retest reliability study. The Quick-FAAM-GR demonstrated face and content validity. Excellent internal consistency (Cronbach a =.961) and intrarater test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient ICC[2,1] = .93) were demonstrated, with a comparable error margin to the original version (standard error of the measurement = 2.1, 95% minimum detectable change = 5.9). Associations of the Quick-FAAM-GR scores to other questionnaires ranged from weak to strong (Spearman rho), all being statistically significant (Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index from -.26, P = .04, to -.67, P< .001, and 12-item Short-Form Survey, version 2, between .41 and .72, P<.001), and to the Y-Balance Test between lower-limb differences (-.35 to -.58, P< .001). The exploratory factor analysis confirmed the single- factor structure of this scale. No floor/ceiling effects were observed. Conclusions: The Greek Quick-FAAM has proven to be a valid and reliable tool for evaluating chronic ankle instability and can be used for clinical and research purposes in Greek- speaking individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrating the theory of workplace deviance with person–environment fit theory, we propose a two‐pathway model to explain why and how employees who feel overqualified engage in time theft behavior. Specifically, we anticipate that feeling overqualified will negatively influence focal employees' experienced authority fairness and erode their work meaningfulness, which in turn will lead to increased time theft behavior. Further, we argue that voice endorsement serves as a key boundary condition mitigating the negative effects of perceived overqualification. We conducted two multi‐waved and multi‐sourced field studies to test our proposed hypotheses. Study 1 (247 employees and 47 supervisors) revealed that perceived overqualification is associated with time theft behavior through the mediators of experienced authority fairness and meaningfulness. Study 2 (405 employees and 73 supervisors) replicated the findings of Study 1 and tested our full model. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contributing to the literature on positive effects of overqualification, this research examines when and why perceived overqualification predicts affiliative and proactive performance at work. Integrating optimal distinctiveness theory with self‐construal theory, we propose that depending on the nature of an employee's self‐construal (i.e., independent, or interdependent), perceived overqualification will be associated with two opposing motivational processes—namely, differentiation and assimilation. We expect perceived overqualification to have a positive relationship with a motive for assimilation when an employee has a strong interdependent self‐construal. Conversely, we expect perceived overqualification to have a positive relationship with a motive for differentiation when an employee has a strong independent self‐construal. We further argue that assimilation‐seeking and differentiation‐seeking motives will be positively related to affiliative and proactive performance, respectively. We conducted two multi‐waved and multisourced studies to test our hypotheses. In a pilot study (N = 249), we first tested our moderation hypothesis. In our main study (N = 496), we tested our overall moderated mediation model. Results from both studies reveal that perceived overqualification can trigger a need for differentiation or assimilation in employees depending on the nature of their self‐construal. The differentiation‐seeking motive was positively related to proactive performance, while the assimilation‐seeking motive was positively related to affiliative performance. Our findings advance overqualification and motivation literatures and provide insights into talent acquisition and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) show a reduced physical activity (PA) level compared with their typically developed peers. This study aimed to identify potential predictors of objectively evaluated habitual PA using data from a national clinical registry—the Cerebral Palsy Follow-Up Program (CPFP)—and proxy-reported questionnaires. Data from the CPFP database showed that female sex was associated with a lower PA level. Additional questionnaire data revealed age, popliteal angle limitation, Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument–Sports and Physical Functioning Scale score, screen time, Functional Mobility Scale score at 50 m, and fatigue as predictors. The proposed models can be used for the prediction and early detection of the PA level and consequently for the potential improvement among ambulant/semiambulant individuals with CP. Further research should investigate the predictive impact of personal, social, and environmental factors on the PA level and the gap in PA levels between girls and boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The study aimed to compare the effects of home exercise alone and telerehabilitation combined with home exercise in individuals with transtibial amputation. Materials and methods: The telerehabilitation group (n = 24) received telerehabilitation combined with home exercise, while the control group (n = 24) received home exercise alone. Outcomes included the timed up-and-go (TUG) test and the 30-second chair-stand test (30CST), the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale, the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales (TAPES), the Amputee Body Image Scale (ABIS), and the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). The analysis used a 2 × 2 mixed repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The group-by-time interactions were significant for TUG (p = 0.002, F[1;41] = 10.74) and 30CST (p = 0.001, F[1;41] = 11.48). The mean difference (6th week-baseline) was −0.49 for TUG and 0.95 for 30CST in the telerehabilitation group and −0.14 for TUG and 0.13 for 30CST in the control group. There were statistically meaningful group-by-time interactions on the ABC (p = 0.0004, F[1;41] = 14.47), the TAPES-activity restriction (p = 0.0001, F[1;41] = 28.96), TAPES-prosthesis satisfaction (p = 0.004, F[1;41] = 9.19), and the NHP (p = 0.0002, F[1;41] = 16.07) favoring the telerehabilitation group. Conclusions: Telerehabilitation combined with home exercise can offer greater benefits in improving gait, muscle strength, balance confidence, activity restriction, prosthesis satisfaction, and quality of life compared to home exercise alone for individuals with transtibial amputation. Implications for rehabilitation: Exercise helps individuals with lower limb amputation overcome their physical limitations and enables them to use their prostheses effectively. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation after amputation are not at the desired level, and individuals with lower limb amputation encounter various difficulties in accessing physiotherapy. Telerehabilitation has great potential to facilitate access to physiotherapy for individuals with amputation and reduce resource utilization. In a relatively small sample of amputees, this study shows that telerehabilitation-based exercise improves physical health and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Mobilisation is a common intervention in Intensive Care (ICU). However, few studies have explored the relationship between mobility levels and outcomes. This study assessed the association of the level of mobility on ICU discharge with discharge destination from the hospital and hospital length of stay. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of data from 522 patients admitted to a single UK general ICU who were ventilated for ≥5 days was performed. The level of mobility was assessed using the Manchester Mobility Score (MMS). Multivariable regression analysed demographic and clinical variables for the independence of association with discharge destination and hospital length of stay. Results: MMS ≥5 on ICU discharge was independently associated with discharge destination and hospital LOS (p < 0.001). Patients achieving MMS ≥5 on ICU discharge were more likely to be discharged home (OR 3.86 95% CI 2.1 to 6.9, p < 0.001), and had an 11.8 day shorter hospital LOS (95% CI −17.6 to −6.1, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The ability to step transfer to a chair (MMS ≥5) before ICU discharge was independently associated with discharge to usual residence and hospital LOS, irrespective of preadmission morbidity. Increasing the level of patient mobility at ICU discharge should be a key focus of rehabilitation interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Mobilisation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is common practice, however studies to date have not evaluated the impact on acute hospital outcomes. Achieving the ability to step to a chair on ICU discharge is an important rehabilitation milestone, and is associated with a shorter hospital length of stay and being discharged home. Rehabilitation interventions in the ICU should be targeted at progressing patients towards this milestone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: People with spinal cord injury (PwSCI) can experience life changes, including impacts on their physical and mental health. PwSCI often report less life satisfaction and lower subjective well-being than peers without SCI. These challenges and adversities increase the demand on them to be more resilient. Healthcare providers need quick and valid instruments to assess adult patients' resilience in clinical settings. We aimed to validate the factor validity and discrimination ability of a resilience scale, CD-RISC-10, for clinical usage in adults with SCI during hospitalization. Materials and Methods: 93 adults with SCI responded to the self-reported survey, including CD-RISC-10, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Scale (PHQ-9), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Intrinsic Spirituality Scale. We conducted descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and item response theory (IRT). Results: Two items were deleted from CD-RISC-10 after EFA, forming CD-RISC-8. The item discriminations of the remaining eight items from the unconstrained IRT model ranged from a high of 3.071 to a relatively low 1.433. CD-RISC-8 is significantly related to PHQ-9 and SWLS. Conclusions: The factor validity of the CD-RISC-8 was improved. Significantly, the CD-RISC-8 has excellent potential for clinical usage due to its discriminant ability between low and intermediate resilience. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Spinal Cord Injury People with spinal cord injury (PwSCI) experience unique challenges and adversities that can negatively affect physical, mental, social, and financial health and life satisfaction. PwSCI with higher resilience adapt to challenges quicker, and have better mental health outcomes and improved quality of life. The CD-RISC-8 is useful for screening PwSCI who need resilience intervention and it is sensitive enough to evaluate resilience improvement within two minutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proliferation of health misinformation poses a significant threat to public health, making it increasingly important to understand why misinformation is accepted. The illusory truth effect, which refers to the increased believability of a message due to repeated exposure, has been widely studied. However, there is limited research on this effect in the context of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. This paper aims to examine the role of perceived familiarity with COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on various message perceptions, including perceived accuracy, agreement, perceived message effectiveness, and determinants of vaccination, including vaccine attitude and vaccination intention. Furthermore, it explores the impact of misinformation evidence (statistical vs. narrative) on the magnitude of the effects of perceived familiarity. To investigate these factors, a between-subjects experimental study was conducted, employing a 2 (Familiarity: strong vs. weak) × 3 (Evidence type: statistical, narrative, and both evidence) + 1 (Control: a message about drinking water) design. The results revealed that perceived familiarity with COVID-19 vaccine misinformation significantly predicted perceived accuracy, which was found to be negatively correlated with vaccine attitudes and vaccination intentions. Moreover, statistical evidence presented in misinformation was perceived as more persuasive in perceived message effectiveness, compared to narrative and mixed evidence. Interestingly, the effects of perceived familiarity were not contingent on the type of evidence used in COVID-19 vaccine misinformation. These findings emphasize the importance of avoiding the repetition of misinformation, reducing the processing fluency associated with misinformation correction, and educating individuals on how to critically evaluate statistical evidence when encountering (mis)information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study has three main purposes: to examine 1) the impact of theory-driven corrective messages using individual vs. collective frames on information-seeking intention 2) the mediating role of risk perceptions and 3) the moderating role of reflection and gender. Our findings from a randomized experimental study and Hayes' moderated, moderated mediation model show collective frames were associated with high-risk perceptions among women, which in turn led to higher information seeking intention. The second moderator reveals that people who scored higher on reflection were more willing to seek information. Our findings have critical implications for misinformation research by demonstrating the importance of theoretically driven messages in understanding misperceptions as well as people's information seeking behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, short-form social media videos have emerged as an important source of health-related advice. In this study, we investigate whether experts or ordinary users in such videos are more effective in debunking the common misperception that talking about suicide should be avoided. We also explore a new trend on TikTok and other platforms, in which users attempt to back up their arguments by displaying scientific articles in the background of their videos. To test the effect of source type (expert vs. ordinary user) and scientific references (present or absent), we conducted a 2 × 2 between-subject plus control group experiment (n = 956). In each condition, participants were shown a TikTok video that was approximately 30 seconds long. Our findings show that in all four treatment groups, participants reduced their misperceptions on the topic. The expert was rated as being more authoritative on the topic compared to the ordinary user. However, the expert was also rated as being less credible compared to the ordinary user. The inclusion of a scientific reference did not make a difference. Thus, both experts and ordinary users may be similarly persuasive in a short-form video environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The 24-hour movement guidelines (24-HMG) include screen time (ST), sleep duration, and physical activity. Previous studies have explored the associations of adherence to the 24-HMG with depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents, ignoring changes in behaviors. This study aimed to examine whether changes in adherence to the 24-HMG were associated with depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents. Methods: We recruited adolescents from Shenzhen, China in 2021 and followed them up 1 year later. Changes in adherence to the individual 24-HMG were categorized into four groups: persistent non-adherence, adherence to non-adherence, non-adherence to adherence, and persistent adherence. Changes in the numbers of adherence to the overall 24-HMG were obtained by subtracting the number of guidelines adhered to in wave 2 from that in wave 1. Results: We included 12,570 participants aged 9–18 years with 52.2% boys. Compared with persistent non-adherence for the ST/sleep duration guideline, non-adherence to adherence and persistent adherence were associated with lower depression and anxiety symptoms, but adherence to non-adherence was not. Changes in adherence to the physical activity guideline were not related to outcomes. The β coefficients (95% CIs) for each point increase in changes in the numbers of adherence to guidelines were − 0.58 (− 0.69, − 0.47) and − 0.43 (− 0.53, − 0.33) for depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The association of persistently adhering to sleep guideline with anxiety symptoms and the associations of changes in the numbers of adherence to the 24-HMG had sex differences. Conclusions: Maintaining and strengthening healthy movement behaviors to meet more guidelines of the 24-HMG, especially sleep and ST, may be beneficial for preventing depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Communication via social networks has different norms than in the "offline" world and broadens the sphere of student-teacher interactions. Facebook is mainly used for social interaction and information sharing. However, it also serves as an education and learning platform. This risks boundary-blurred behaviors between students and their academic teachers in the virtual space. The current study examines the differences in perceived subjective norms, attitudes, and reported behaviors of academic teachers and nursing students' boundary-blurred behaviors with each other on Facebook. Methods: A cross-sectional study was utilized, guided by the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), examining attitudes, subjective norms, and reported virtual behaviors that signify blurred student-teacher boundaries. Data were collected among 223 nursing students and 78 academic teachers. The university's ethics committee approved the research (#21.9.19). Results: Consistent with the TRA, a significant correlation was found between virtual boundary-blurred behaviors and attitudes (r =.55, P <.001), university subjective norms (r =.48, p <.001), and peers' subjective norms (r =.47, p <.001). Nursing students' attitudes were significantly (t = 5.81; p <.001) more favorable towards boundary-blurred behaviors (M = 2.40, SD = 0.91) than those of academic-teachers (M = 1.71, SD = 0.83), and so were the perceived subjective norms of their student peers (M = 2.72, SD = 1.15) compared to those of their teachers (M = 2.09, SD = 1.14). Interestingly, the difference in reports of boundary-blurred Facebook behaviors between teachers (M = 1.36, SD = 0.52) and students (M = 1.49, SD = 0.70) was not significant. Boundary-blurred behaviors for teachers were best predicted by attitudes and perceived subjective norms of the university [R2 = 0.62; F(5,72) = 23.31], and for students by attitudes and perceived subjective norms of their peers [R2 = 0.45; F)5,216) = 28.88]. Conclusions: The differences demonstrated between students and teachers may emanate from the perception of the teacher's role and generational gaps. These may lead to miscommunication and the crossing of boundaries. The findings indicate the importance of setting more explicit guidelines for using social media in the context of student-teacher communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Nursing is a representative profession with a high prevalence of presenteeism, which is usually associated with negative outcomes. Therefore, it is important to explore the antecedent factors of nurse presenteeism behavior. This study aims to explore the impact and mechanism of head nurses' cognitive preference toward presenteeism on subordinate nurses' presenteeism (SNP), and the mediation effects of subordinate nurses' perception of head nurses' cognitive preference. Patient and Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted from July to August 2022. A total of 256 head nurses and 1424 subordinate nurses were recruited from six hospitals located in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. The Nurse Presenteeism Questionnaire (NPQ) and Cognitive Preference Questionnaire were used to assess head nurses' cognitive preference toward presenteeism, SNP, and subordinate nurses' perception of head nurse's cognition of presenteeism. We conducted description, multilevel correlation, and multilevel structural equation models for the data analysis. Results: In the past 6 months, 93.4% of nurses experienced presenteeism. Within and between the team, head nurses' cognitive preference toward presenteeism is positively associated with SNP. The mediation effect of nurses' perception of head nurses' cognitive preference was also significant. Conclusion: Head nurses' cognitive preferences are essential predictors of subordinates' presenteeism. In this process, subordinates' subjective initiative plays a crucial role. Implications for Nursing Management: Hospital managers should focus on head nurses' values to formulate multiple interventions of presenteeism and strengthen communication between leaders and subordinates to promote transforming negative outcomes into positive outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes management poses significant challenges worldwide, with individuals often facing increased risks of mental health issues, including suicidal behaviors. While traditional statistical methods have been used to assess risk factors, this study introduces machine learning techniques to predict suicidal behaviors among diabetic patients. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal behaviors among individuals with diabetes in Bangladesh using both traditional statistical methods and machine learning models. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was carried out with 390 diabetic patients, assessing demographic characteristics, diabetes‐related variables, mental health indicators, and suicidal behaviors. Statistical analyses including chi‐square tests and logistic regression, and various machine learning models, were employed to examine associations and predict risk factors. Results: This study found that 13.8% of the individuals with diabetes reported lifetime suicidal behavior and 9.0% reported past‐year suicidal behavior. Significant risk factors associated with higher rates of suicidal behaviors included younger age, marital status, lower monthly income, higher educational attainment, being insulin users, not having a family history of diabetes, and suffering from anxiety. Among the machine learning models tested, the CatBoost model outperformed others, obtaining low log loss values of 0.45 and 0.32 for lifetime and past‐year suicidal behaviors, respectively. CatBoost demonstrated excellent accuracy rates of 83.97% and 88.46%, significantly higher than those of traditional logistic regression models. The most significant predictors identified by machine learning were treatment type, followed by occupation, anxiety, age group, and having chronic diseases. Conclusion: The findings suggest the urgent need for comprehensive interventions and support systems for individuals managing diabetes, particularly those at higher risk of suicidal behaviors. Machine learning offers improved predictive power and the ability to identify complex patterns in risk factors. Collaborative efforts between healthcare providers, mental health professionals, and public health initiatives are essential for prioritizing mental well‐being in diabetes management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study was to survey the current situation and explore the relationship between pain assessment ability, palliative care core competence and palliative care practice ability among oncology nurses in mainland China. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study design was employed. Study data were collected in 26 tertiary hospitals among 1198 registered oncology nurses in the oncology department in Hubei province, China. A web-based survey was conducted using a stratified random integral sampling method to obtain data. All variables were measured using standardized instruments. Data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 statistical software. All statistical tests were two-sided, with the significance level set at P < 0.05. The structural equation model was utilized to test the mediation effect of pain assessment ability on the pathway from palliative care core competence to palliative care practice ability. Results: The mean scores for pain assessment, core competence and practice ability were 125.68 (SD = 31.16), 76.67 (SD = 19.59) and 67.17(SD = 12.57), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among the PCPS, EPCS, and Self-PAC scores of the oncology nurses (P < 0.01). The association between core competence and palliative care practice ability was mediated by pain assessment ability (ES = 0.125, 95%CI: 0.090–0.168). Conclusions: To enhance the effectiveness of palliative care practice, managers need to strengthen the core competencies of palliative care nurses and their ability to assess patients' pain, as these two factors will promote the practical abilities of oncology nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and past 12-month suicidal behaviour (PSB) among adolescents in Mozambique. Methods: Data from 3,109 females (aged 15–19 years) and 1,439 males (aged 15–19 years) that participated in the 2022-23 Mozambique Demographic and health Survey were analysed. MDD was assessed with the PHQ-9 and GAD with the GAD-7. Results: Results indicate that among girls the prevalence of PSB was 4.3% (attempt 1.0%, plan 1.9% and/or ideation 3.6%) and among boys 2.5% (attempt 0.3%, plan 0.7% and/or ideation 2.4%). Among girls and boys, the prevalence of MDD (≥ 8 scores) was 15.5% and 3.7%, respectively, and the prevalence of GAD (≥ 5 scores) was 25.0% and 10.3%, respectively. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, among girls, GAD was positively and solid fuel use was negatively associated with PSB, while among boys MDD and urban residence were positively associated with PSB. Among female adolescents, currently being pregnant and "big problem to get money for medical treatment" increased the odds of MDD. While among male adolescents, urban residence, having a genital sore or ulcer, has living children, and early sexual debut were positively associated with MDD. Urban residence, current alcohol use, and early sexual debut were positively associated with GAD in male adolescents, while poorer wealth status, being pregnant, and having a "big problem to get money for medical treatment" were positively associated with GAD in female adolescents. Conclusion: About 3% of participants had PSB, among girls one in five had MDD or GAD and among boys more than 5% had MDD or GAD. Public health interventions can be guided by several associated factors that have been identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Calcaneal fractures are the most common type of tarsal fractures. The sustentaculum tali (ST) offers anatomical stability in calcaneal fractures, and recently, ST screws have been widely used in their treatment. This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and value of ST screw fixation via a modified sinus tarsi approach (MSTA) for treating displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs). Methods: This study enrolled 64 patients (64 feet): 32 patients in the calcaneal locking plate combined with the ST screw group (CLP-STS Group) and 32 patients in the simple calcaneal locking plate internal fixation group (CLP Group). The minimum follow-up duration was 18 months. Ankle function was evaluated using VAS, AOFAS, and Short Form-36 scores. Imaging evaluation included the Böhler angle, Gissane angle, length, height, and width of the calcaneus, and the Böhler angle in both groups 1 year after surgery. Results: Functional evaluation revealed that postoperative AOFAS and VAS scores in the CLP-STS Group were significantly better than those in the CLP Group. After surgery, the Böhler angle, Gissane angle, and length, height, and width of the calcaneus were significantly corrected compared to the preoperative values; however, the difference in these indicators between the two groups was not significant. Nevertheless, at the 1-year postoperative follow-up, the calcaneal Böhler angle loss in the CLP-STS Group was significantly better than that in the CLP Group. Conclusion: Compared to simple calcaneal locking plate internal fixation, combining the plate with the additionally free ST screw can resolve the limited intraoperative exposure of MSTA, reduce postoperative foot pain in patients, and improve clinical efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The main aim of this study was the evaluation of mismatch negativity (MMN) in tinnitus patients in relation to serum cortisol levels. This study was designed to evaluate mismatch negativity (MMN) in tinnitus patients in relation to serum cortisol levels. For such purpose, MMN response and cortisol level were compared in tinnitus patients with normal hearing in comparison to normal hearing control. The methodology included full history taking, basic audiological evaluation, MMN, and the serum cortisol level measured at 9:00 am in addition to a tinnitus questionnaire in the study group only. Results: There was a statistically significant delayed MMN latency in the study group in both the right and left ear in comparison to the control group. Regarding MMN amplitude, it was significantly reduced in the left ear in comparison to the left ear of the control. As regards the cortisol level, it was significantly increased in the study group when compared with the control group. Conclusion: Mismatch negativity can be used to evaluate echoic memory in tinnitus patients. Additionally, serum cortisol levels can be used as an effective indicator of stress status and psychological condition in tinnitus patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Identifying distinct mechanisms and biomarkers for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is required for advancing the treatment of this major global unmet clinical need. We previously provided evidence in calf skin biopsies that disproportion between reduced sensory small nerve fibers and increased blood vessels may distinguish painful from non-painful DPN. We proposed that overexposure of the reduced nerve fibers in DPN to increased hypoxemia-induced vasculature and related algogenic factors, e.g., nerve growth factor (NGF), leads to neuropathic pain. To further investigate this proposed mechanism, we have now studied more proximal thigh skin biopsies, to see if the same disproportion between increased vasculature and decreased nerve fibers generally differentiates painful DPN from painless DPN. Methods: A total of 28 subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and 13 healthy volunteers (HV) underwent detailed clinical and neurophysiological assessments, based on the neuropathy composite score of the lower limbs [NIS(LL)] plus 7 tests. T2DM subjects were subsequently divided into three groups: painful DPN (n = 15), painless DPN (n = 7), and no DPN (n = 6). All subjects underwent skin punch biopsy from the upper lateral thigh 20 cm below the anterior iliac spine. Results: Skin biopsies showed decreased PGP 9.5-positive intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) density in both painful DPN (p < 0.0001) and painless DPN (p = 0.001). Vascular marker von Willebrand Factor (vWF) density was markedly increased in painful DPN vs. other groups, including painless DPN (p = 0.01). There was a resulting significant decrease in the ratio of intraepidermal nerve fiber density to vasculature and PGP9.5 to vWF, in painful DPN vs. painless DPN (p = 0.05). These results were similar in pattern to those observed in these HV and T2DM groups previously in distal calf biopsies; however, the increase in vWF was much higher and nerve fiber density much lower in the calf than thigh for painful DPN. Thigh skin vWF density was significantly correlated with several metabolic (waist/hip ratio, HbA1c), clinical (e.g., pain score), and neurophysiological measures. Conclusion: This study supports our proposal that increased dermal vasculature, and its disproportionate ratio to reduced nociceptors, may help differentiate painful DPN from painless DPN. This disproportion is greater in the distal calf than the proximal thigh skin; hence, neuropathic pain in DPN is length-dependent and first localized to the distal lower limbs, mainly feet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors among adolescents with mood disorders represent a significant global public health concern. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and identify key predictors of NSSI behaviors in Chinese adolescents diagnosed with depressive or bipolar disorders, addressing a critical gap in the literature. Method: Data from 2343 participants in the Chinese Adolescent Depression Cohort (CADC) were analyzed. The study employed a comprehensive approach, utilizing medical records, clinical assessments, and validated psychometric instruments. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, logistic regression, and ROC curve analyses, culminating in the development of a predictive nomogram. Results: The prevalence of NSSI behaviors was strikingly high at 73.32%. Significant predictors included female gender (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI [1.70, 2.68]), presence of hallucinations (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI [1.18, 1.97]), borderline personality features (AOR = 1.03, 95% CI [1.01, 1.08]), and childhood trauma (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI [1.01, 1.03]). The study's key contribution is a predictive nomogram with an AUC of 0.74, demonstrating good efficacy in predicting NSSI behaviors. Conclusion: This research reveals an alarmingly high prevalence of NSSI behaviors in Chinese adolescents with mood disorders and identifies critical predictors spanning demographic, clinical, and psychometric domains. The developed nomogram offers a novel approach for risk assessment, highlighting the importance of comprehensive evaluations in adolescent mental healthcare. These findings have significant implications for developing targeted interventions and improving risk assessment strategies in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to examine the association for paternal care and father-child screen use with early childhood development and children's temper tantrums. Method: Study file included questions about paternal characteristics, child care, father-child screen habits, and utilized the UNICEF Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI). Factors influencing ECDI-on-track status and children's responses when screen use was restricted were investigated with Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: The study included 464 fathers having children aged 3–4 years. The findings showed that 89.7% of the children were on track in three out of the four ECDI subgroups. When screen use was restricted, 55.6% of the children engaged in another activity, while 44.4% reacted by crying. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the father's education level, the child's age and gender, the starting age for screen usage, the child's reaction to screen restriction, and having three or more books were associated with ECDI. Furthermore, the child's reaction to screen restriction was related to the child's and father's screen time, the presence of three or more books, the adequacy of care, and being on track in the literacy-numeracy ECDI subgroup. Conclusion: Screen usage habits significantly impact early childhood development and children's reactions to screen restrictions. These findings underscore the importance of educating fathers about the effects of their own and their child's media habits, the quality of fatherly caregiving, and the presence of books in fostering positive child development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fertility rates have been decreasing both worldwide and in China. Although current policies have been aimed at raising the birth rate in China, their overall effects have been unclear. Therefore, exploration of fertility intention and related influencing factors is crucial. Methods: This study used a convergent parallel mixed methods combining descriptive and cross-sectional designs with a framework analysis. Convenience sampling was used to select mothers of childbearing age with two children (n = 603), living in Guangdong Province, China. Participants completed an online questionnaire investigating sociodemographic characteristics, as well as determinants and attitudes regarding the third-child fertility intention. Correlation coefficients and multivariate regression analyses were used to present quantitative findings. Eleven interviews were conducted, and a framework analysis method was used for data analysis. The results for the qualitative and quantitative study components were analyzed separately and were subsequently integrated through side-by-side comparison and joint display. Result: Attitudes toward fertility intention were negative, and the rate of fertility intention was 10.4% in Guangdong Province. In the quantitative component, women's age, perceived value of having a third child, and attitudes were found to be factors promoting the intention to have a third child, whereas monthly family income, grandparents' health status, and policy support were found to be factors hindering the intention to have a third child. Four major themes emerged regarding the perceptions and experiences regarding fertility intention in the qualitative component. After integrated analysis, younger age, knowledge regarding policy support, and access to childcare support were found to be factors significantly affecting the intentions of mothers with two children regarding having a third child. Conclusion: Fertility issues require continued attention. Our findings provide a reference for optimizing existing policies to increase fertility intentions. Providing policy support, such as public childcare support, flexible working hours for mothers, affordable childcare, and greater psychological support, would enable mothers to improve their parenting. In addition, increasing the dissemination of knowledge regarding policies is necessary to improve the level of public understanding and promote fertility intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To translate the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale (RMRS) into Japanese and validate its applicability among Japanese healthcare professionals. Background: To overcome daily challenges in the field of healthcare, in which moral difficulties are routinely encountered, the development of intervention methods to address moral suffering and moral distress is crucial. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional survey using a web‐based questionnaire. The RMRS‐16 was translated into Japanese and confirmed through back‐translation. Reliability analyses (Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), correlation analyses, t‐tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess the validity of the scale. Results: Participants comprised 1295 healthcare professionals, including 498 nurses. All subscales and the total scale had acceptable reliability values (α ≥ 0.70). CFA supported the original four‐factor structure (response to moral adversity, personal integrity, relational integrity, and moral efficacy), with acceptable fit indices. The ANOVA results suggested that, among Japanese healthcare professionals, nurses and individuals from other professions showed lower average moral resilience scores compared to physicians, consistent with previous research on mental health and moral distress. In addition, women scored lower for moral resilience than men. However, the ICC values for the subscales of the RMRS were below acceptable levels, and the results of the standardized residual covariances also suggested a model misfit. Conclusion and Implications: The reliability, validity, and utility of the Japanese version of the RMRS were generally supported. However, there were areas at the item level that required structural examination. The current findings suggest that there are cultural differences in the concept of moral resilience. Therefore, for future cultural comparisons, the original four‐factor structure was maintained in the Japanese version without modifications. Further conceptual development of moral resilience is needed in Japanese healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Turnover intention (TI) indicates an employee's intention to depart from their current role within a defined timeframe. In China, the Targeted Admission Medical Education (TAME) program, initiated in 2010, offers tuition-free education to cultivate rural doctors. Despite continuous professional development (CPD) being considered a viable retention strategy, TI of alumni doctors from the TAME program remains high in recent years. This study aims to describe the prevalence of "turnover intention" among alumni doctors of the TAME program doctors in rural placements, and associated factors that predict high turnover intention. Methods: A snowball sampling method was adopted to collect survey responses from 1,369 alumni doctors of the TAME program in Jiangxi Province, China. Based on the survey data, a binary variable was constructed to measure the turnover intention, and multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between doctors' turnover intention and demographic characteristics, work environment characteristics, and CPD activities. Results were presented using adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Among the 1,369 alumni doctors of the TAME program surveyed in this study, 392 (28.6%) expressed intentions to leave their current positions. Of the respondents, 620 (45.3%) were female, and 930 (67.9%) were married. Additionally, 1,232 respondents (90%) indicated that their fathers were engaged in farm work. Strong associations with turnover intention were notably found among individuals who had undergone training at a higher-level healthcare institution for more than three months (aOR = 6.810, 95% CI: 3.333 to 13.909, p-value < 0.001), particularly those who had participated in CPD through a graduate degree program (aOR = 1.818, 95% CI: 1.272 to 2.597, p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Rural doctors in China from the tuition-free medical education program exhibit high turnover intention, especially those in graduate degree programs as CPD. To retain these highly qualified rural doctors, it is vital to offer competitive efficiency wages aligned with their skills and provide ample long-term career growth opportunities within the rural healthcare system. Highlights: Retaining rural doctors in China who graduated from the tuition-free medical education program continues to pose a significant challenge. High turnover intention is particularly prevalent among those enrolled in CPD graduate degree programs. Offering competitive efficiency wages and creating abundant long-term career growth opportunities within the rural healthcare system are essential measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Brain age is a machine learning-derived estimate that captures lower brain volume. Previous studies have found that brain age is significantly higher in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to healthy controls. Few studies have investigated changes in brain age longitudinally in MCI and AD. We hypothesized that individuals with MCI and AD would show heightened brain age over time and across the lifespan. We also hypothesized that both MCI and AD would show faster rates of brain aging (higher slopes) over time compared to healthy controls. Methods: We utilized data from an archival dataset, mainly Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) 1 with 3Tesla (3 T) data which totaled 677 scans from 183 participants. This constitutes a secondary data analysis on existing data. We included control participants (healthy controls or HC), individuals with MCI, and individuals with AD. We predicted brain age using a pre-trained model and tested for accuracy. We investigated cross-sectional differences in brain age by group [healthy controls or HC, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD]. We conducted longitudinal modeling of age and brain age by group using time from baseline in one model and chronological age in another model. Results: We predicted brain age with a mean absolute error (MAE) < 5 years. Brain age was associated with age across the study and individuals with MCI and AD had greater brain age on average. We found that the MCI group had significantly higher rates of change in brain age over time compared to the HC group regardless of individual chronologic age, while the AD group did not differ in rate of brain age change. Discussion: We replicated past studies that showed that MCI and AD had greater brain age than HC. We additionally found that this was true over time, both groups showed higher brain age longitudinally. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that the MCI, but not the AD group, showed faster rates of brain aging. We essentially found that while the MCI group was actively experiencing faster rates of brain aging, the AD group may have already experienced this acceleration (as they show higher brain age). Individuals with MCI may experience higher rates of brain aging than AD and controls. AD may represent a homeostatic endpoint after significant neurodegeneration. Future work may focus on individuals with MCI as one potential therapeutic option is to alter rates of brain aging, which ultimately may slow cognitive decline in the long-term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Heatwave warnings provide crucial information about the nature of the event and the steps that can be taken to mitigate its impact. It is well known that heat events disproportionately impact the health of older adults. Therefore, it's critical that heatwave warnings reach this population. However, our current understanding of the effectiveness of heatwave warning messages among older Queenslanders is limited. Methods: A Queensland wide survey was conducted in 2022 among 547 older adults (≥65 years), aiming to collect information on their perception of heat-related health risk, their knowledge of the existing heatwave warnings, and if they had ever heard of a heatwave warning. Chi-square analysis followed by multinomial or binomial logistic regression was utilized to understand various socio-economic and personal factors that impact the heatwave warning reach to older Queenslanders. Results: Only 43% of the respondents had heard a heatwave warning and only 49% of those who heard a warning(s) changed their behavior as a result. The results showed 20% of respondents perceived themselves to be at heat-related health risk, and these individuals were 1.98 times more likely to have heard heatwave warnings. Further, individuals who perceived themselves to be at heat-related health risk were 3.62 times more likely to adopt adaptive measures in response to heatwave warnings. Implications: This study suggests that in older adults, higher knowledge and perception of heat-related health risk are associated with higher likelihoods of attention to heatwave warnings and adoption of cooling measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Mental health problems and vocational disengagement are often linked for young people in a self-reinforcing cycle. Integrated Individual Placement and Support (IPS) services can help to not only overcome educational/vocational challenges but also improve mental wellbeing. Methods: In a matched cohort study, we compared improvement rates in mental health and wellbeing outcomes for young people aged 15 to 25 who had received at least two integrated IPS services with those who had received standard youth mental health services only. Data came from headspace, Australia's National Youth Mental Health Foundation. The sample comprised 2128 participants: 544 received integrated IPS services; 1584 received standard mental health services. Results: Four out of five IPS clients (81%) achieved positive outcomes on at least one of three mental health measures, a significantly higher proportion than matched clients who received standard services (75%). Logistic regressions estimated a 22% to 36% higher likelihood of achieving significant improvement for IPS clients. Greater improvements were evident for quality of life and potentially psychosocial functioning, but not psychological distress. Conclusions: Integrating an IPS program within a clinical setting not only achieves positive vocational outcomes, but also supports improvements in quality of life, psychosocial functioning and psychological distress that are greater or equal to the outcomes achieved through standard clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Facial palsy after vestibular schwannoma surgery is temporary in many cases but can significantly affect patients' quality of life. Physical training—initially guided and subsequently performed by the patient—is of paramount importance for recovery of facial nerve function. The introduction of medical application software (apps) might improve therapy by maintaining motivation for daily home-based training and surveilling patients' rehabilitation progress. Methods: We developed a mobile app, "FACEsemper", for home-based facial nerve rehabilitation. This app guides patients through a daily training program comprising six variable exercises, each performed in three repetitions. The app allows the user to customize the exercise intensity for different facial areas and includes a reminder function for daily training. Additional features include photo documentation, a calendar function, training report generation, and the possibility of direct communication with the attending physician. The app's usability was prospectively investigated with 27 subjects, including 8 physicians, 9 patients with facial palsy and 10 healthy subjects, over a two-week period. Usability was assessed using various self-rating questionnaires (i.e., mHealth App Usability Questionnaire, MAUQ; System Usability Scale, SUS; Visual Aesthetics of Apps Inventory, VisAAI) and scores were compared across the groups. Results: The participants reported an average smartphone use of 12.19 years and completed a mean number of 290 ± 163 facial exercises during the study period. Patients used the app significantly more frequently than the other two groups (p = 0.017). The average total scores of the questionnaires were: MAUQ 5.67/7, SUS 89.6/100, VisAAI 5.88/7 and specific rating 6.13/7. In particular, the simplicity of use and craftsmanship of the app were rated very highly. Usability scores did not significantly differ between groups. A primary limitation identified was malfunction of the daily reminder feature in some Android versions. Conclusion: This usability study demonstrated a positive user experience and excellent usability of the FACEsemper app. However, some limitations and areas for improvement were identified. As a next step, the app should be evaluated in a large patient cohort with facial palsy to determine its potential medical benefits for facial rehabilitation compared to traditional training methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by a tendency to limit intake of food, with specific restriction of foods that are generally considered highly palatable. This observation raises questions about whether reward processing is disturbed in AN. This study examined whether adolescents with AN differ from healthy control peers (HC) in anticipatory and consummatory reward processing. Method: Adolescents with AN (n = 71) and HC (n = 41) completed the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS). The TEPS Anticipatory Pleasure scale was divided into two further subscales (Food and Non‐food). Anticipatory (Food and Non‐food) and Consummatory Pleasure (Non‐food) scores were compared between adolescents with AN and HC using independent t‐tests. Results: TEPS scores were significantly lower among adolescents with AN than HC in Anticipatory Pleasure Food (t(110) = 7.80, p < 0.001) and Non‐food (t(110) = 4.36, p < 0.001), and Consummatory Pleasure (t(110) = 2.60, p = 0.01) subscales. When controlling for BDI score, there was no significant group difference in TEPS Consummatory Pleasure scores (t(108) = 0.88, p = 0.38). Among adolescents with AN, Food Anticipatory Pleasure was significantly negatively correlated with all EDE‐Q subscales and global score (r(68) = −0.38, p = 0.002) and positively correlated with food intake at a laboratory buffet meal (r(61) = 0.53, p < 0.001). Discussion: Measures of both anticipatory and consummatory reward were reduced among adolescents with AN with a short duration of illness. In this study, eating disorder symptoms were related to diminished reward responses in anticipation of food. Dampened anticipatory reward response may comprise a mechanism of illness in AN that should be subject to further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college students' nutrition, including dietary behaviors and food security status. Participants: Participants included 140 students between 18 and 25 years of age, who were enrolled in a college or university in the greater Houston area. Methods: Analyses included descriptive statistics, t tests, and ANOVAs to analyze differences in dietary behaviors by demographic variables, and chi-square tests to assess characteristics associated with food security status. Results: The majority of participants reported changing their diets due to the COVID-19 pandemic. There were no significant differences by demographics. However, there were significant differences in food security status by race/ethnicity and social class. Conclusion: This study identified changes and disparities in college students' dietary behaviors and food security status during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings help inform future policy, programs, and research to address college students' nutrition during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Same-day mastectomy (SDM) protocols have been shown to be safe, and their use increased up to 4-fold compared with prepandemic rates. We sought to identify factors that predict overnight patient admission and evaluate the associated cost of care. STUDY DESIGN: Patients undergoing mastectomy from March 2020 to April 2022 were analyzed. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, operative details, perioperative factors, 30-day complication, fixed and variable cost, and contribution margin were compared between those who underwent SDM vs those who required overnight admission after mastectomy (OAM). RESULTS: Of a total of 183 patients with planned SDM, 104 (57%) had SDM and 79 (43%) had OAM. Both groups had similar demographic, tumor, and operative characteristics. Patients who required OAM were more likely to be preoperative opioid users (p = 0.002), have higher American Society of Anesthesiology class (p = 0.028), and more likely to have procedure start time (PST) after 12:00 pm (49% vs 33%, p = 0.033). The rates of 30-day unplanned postoperative events were similar between SDM and OAM. Preoperative opioid user (odds ratio [OR] 3.62, 95% CI 1.56 to 8.40), postanesthesia care unit length of stay greater than 1 hour (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.37), and PST after 12:00 pm (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.19 to 5.51) were independent predictors of OAM on multivariate analysis. Both fixed ($5,545 vs $4,909, p = 0.03) and variable costs ($6,426 vs $4,909, p = 0.03) were higher for OAM compared with SDM. Contribution margin was not significantly different between the 2 groups (-$431 SDM vs -$734 OAM, p = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative opioid use, American Society of Anesthesiology class, longer postanesthesia care unit length of stay, and PST after noon predict a higher likelihood of admission after planned SDM. OAM translated to higher cost but not to decreased profit for the hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last few years, digitalisation has accelerated its pace, fuelling the creation of a massive amount of data. This has resulted in a need to introduce legal mechanisms to protect the privacy and security of data being exchanged between people and organisations. However, little is known about the individuals' perspective on such mechanisms. Given the gap in the literature, this research investigated the drivers and the implications of individuals' attitude towards GDPR compliance. To test the research model, structural equational modelling was employed using 540 responses. The result showed that perceived threat severity, self-efficacy and response efficacy determine a positive attitude towards GDPR compliance, which results in emotional empowerment. The findings contribute to the literature on legal privacy-preserving mechanisms, by providing a user's view on the coping and threat appraisal factors underpinning attitude and demonstrating the implications for driving confidence in control over personal data. The findings also contribute to the literature on protection motivation by demonstrating that attitude towards adaptive behaviour drives emotional empowerment. The study offers suggestions to policymakers on how to enhance public perception of the GDPR. The findings also provide guidelines for organisations on how to inform individuals' understanding of compliance with the legal framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Insomnia commonly co‐occurs with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and predicts poorer outcomes for those with AUD. Insomnia and AUD are individually associated with increases in systemic inflammation. Insomnia and inflammation both serve as risk factors for relapse in AUD. However, little is known about the relationship between insomnia and systemic inflammation in individuals with AUD. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between the severity of insomnia symptoms and plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines in a sample of treatment‐seeking individuals with an AUD. Methods: This secondary analysis included 101 (61M/40F) individuals with an AUD. Participants were categorized into groups based on their scores on the Insomnia Severity Index: no insomnia (n = 47), subthreshold insomnia (n = 37), and clinical insomnia (n = 17). Participants provided blood samples to measure plasma levels of four peripheral markers of inflammation (IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α, and CRP). Inflammatory marker levels were compared between groups. Interactive effects of sex and AUD severity were examined. Results: There was a significant main effect of insomnia group on log IL‐8 levels (F = 6.52, p = 0.002), such that individuals with AUD and clinical insomnia had higher log IL‐8 levels compared to both the no insomnia and subthreshold insomnia groups (ps ≤ 0.05). Sex and AUD severity interacted with this relationship, such that men with clinical insomnia and AUD and individuals with severe AUD had higher log IL‐8 levels. There were no significant effects of insomnia on IL‐6, TNF‐α, or CRP levels. Conclusion: The present study identified a specific elevation in IL‐8 levels in individuals with an AUD and clinical insomnia that was not identified in other markers of peripheral inflammation (IL‐6, TNF‐α, CRP). Sex and AUD severity interacted with insomnia symptoms, indicating that those with clinical insomnia and severe AUD or male sex may be the most vulnerable to the inflammatory consequences associated with AUD and clinical insomnia symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High turnover among social workers is a long-standing concern. This article explores whether pay satisfaction (PS) influences turnover intention (TI) and whether job satisfaction (JS) mediates this relationship. We also examine whether organizational culture match (OCM) moderates this mediation model. Based on multiple regression model of 5525 Chinese social workers, we found that PS was negatively related to TI and JS mediated this relationship. The effects of such a mediation model were significantly larger when OCM was at a higher level. Findings highlight the need to increase material rewards for social workers and to build organizational culture supporting personal psychological needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTEs) are widely used as a therapeutic tool to create flow resistance in the upper airway. The current study was a randomized controlled clinical trial to establish the efficacy of two SOVTE protocols, flow-resistant tube (FRT) and Lessac-Madsen Resonant Voice Therapy (LMRVT). Exploratory investigations included a noninferiority analysis of FRT to the widely adopted therapy protocol (LMRVT), as well as examining the dosing required to improve acoustic measures and subjective ratings. Method: Sixty-seven participants with voice disorder were randomized into one of five groups: 4-week FRT (n = 14), 8-week FRT (n = 19), 4-week LMRVT (n = 15), 8-week LMRVT (n = 5), and control (n = 14). Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and Vocal Fatigue Index scores were collected pre- and posttreatment. Acoustic analysis using the Acoustic Voice Quality Index was completed. We compared VHI between controls and 8-week FRT and LMRVT, adjusting for pre-VHI using linear regression. We examined the efficacy of 4-week protocols relative to controls and conducted a noninferiority comparison of FRT (4 and 8 weeks) to LMRVT (4 and 8 weeks) using 5- and 10-point margins. Finally, we compared the 4- versus 8-week sessions for both therapies. Results: A statistically significant reduction of VHI in both 8-week FRT relative to controls (-10.60, 95% CI [-19.80, -1.40], p = .025) and 8-week LMRVT (-15.74, 95% CI [-29.40, -2.08], p = .025) was found. We also found an improvement in 4-week FRT relative to controls (-10.11, 95% CI [-20.03, -0.20], p = .046), but the 4-week LMRVT result was not statistically significant (p = .057). FRT was found to be noninferior to LMRVT in terms of VHI using a 10-point margin (FRT - LMRVT: 0.69, 95% CI [-5.76, 7.15], p = .01), but not using a 5-point margin (p = .054). There were no statistically significant differences in VHI scores between 4- and 8-week sessions for either therapy. Conclusions: Both FRT and LMRVT improved VHI scores relative to controls. FRT was noninferior to LMRVT in terms of VHI scores. There were no statistically significant differences in VHI scores between 4- and 8-week therapy sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]