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Interprofessional team collaboration (ITC) in the Swedish Occupational Health Service is an important part of the service given to the customer. The Occupational Health Service (OHS) could be more competitive if they were able to show how successful is their ITC. The Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS) is an instrument that measures ITC in teams working with the client as part of the team. The aim of this study was to adapt the Swedish version of the instrument for use in OHS and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the adapted version and the adapted short version. The study included 472 participants from different OHSs, all members of the trade association of occupational health care in Sweden. Face and content validity of the instrument were assessed, and floor and ceiling effects were measured. Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach's alpha and an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the 42-item adapted instrument and the short, 24-item version. The exploratory factor analysis gave a three-factor solution with an eigenvalue >1 and explaining a total variance of 57.1% and 62.3% for the short version. The study concludes that AITCS-S-(OHS) as well as the short version, is a reliable and valid questionnaire. Further development of the AITCS-S-(OHS) needs to be undertaken and assessed by confirmatory factor analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ageing population presents a challenge for municipal eldercare in Sweden due to difficulties recruiting staff and there being a strained economy. A strategy involving welfare technology is presented as one such solution. An important group to carry out this strategy involves those who work with welfare technology in municipal eldercare. In this paper we describe their perception of welfare technology, and the challenges and opportunities they perceive in utilizing it. A self-administered online questionnaire was distributed to all Swedish municipalities and answered by 393 respondents. Analyses show that the respondents were representative of the different professions who work with welfare technology within municipal eldercare. Welfare technology was perceived as being more reliable and safer than humans with regards to supervisions and reminders. The respondents acknowledged factors that slowed down the implementation of welfare technology in municipal eldercare organizations, such as resistance to change, lack of finances, lack of supporting evidence, lack of infrastructure, high staff turnover, difficulties with procurement and uncertainties about responsibility and laws. We found that the people who work with and make decisions about welfare technology in municipal eldercare organizations were generally very positive about the deployment and use of such technology, but there appear to be problems within municipal eldercare organizations to realize this vision. The lack of structured implementation processes and coherent evaluation models indicates inequality of the access to welfare technology and, as a result, even though Swedish eldercare is publicly funded, the availability of welfare technologies and their usage differ between municipalities. The research findings show that implementing welfare technologies in municipal eldercare must include transformed working processes and long-term strategies or they may lead to conflicts of priorities or unstructured implementation processes. Structured implementation processes and coherent evaluation models are needed for equality of access and availability of welfare technologies in municipal eldercare. High staff turnover negatively affects the deployment of welfare technology and the root cause of high staff turnover needs to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to validate a translated Swedish version of the lymphoedema-specific quality of life questionnaire (LYMQOL) in a cohort of Swedish cancer patients with secondary lymphoedema of the limbs after cancer treatment. Material and methods: We recruited 102 patients with lymphoedema of the arms or legs after cancer treatment who were visiting lymphoedema therapists at the departments of oncology at the university hospitals in Linköping and Umeå. The LYMQOL questionnaires were translated forward and backward from English to Swedish. Content and face validity were evaluated. The construct validity was assessed by comparing the LYMQOL with the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the perceived degree of lymphoedema of the limbs, respectively. Reliability was determined through test-retest. The internal consistency was assessed by determining Cronbach's alpha and by factor analysis. Results: The content and face validity assessments showed that LYMQOL was an easy, clear and not too long questionnaire to use for patients with lymphoedema. Construct validity was high in both versions when compared with the SF-36. The association between the degrees of perceived lymphoedema and the LYMQOL was only significant in the domains Function and Body Image in the arm version, whereas all domains in the leg version were significant. The reliability was good for the arm version (intra-class-correlation coefficients 0.53–0.87) and very good for the leg version (intra-class-correlation coefficients 0.78–0.90). The internal consistency was acceptable to excellent, with Cronbach's alpha values between 0.79–0.93 (arm-version) and 0.87–0.94 (leg-version). The factor analysis confirmed the usefulness of the four domains in the LYMQOL versions. Conclusions: This study confirmed the validity of the Swedish version of LYMQOL and demonstrated that LYMQOL may be a simple and useful tool for use in clinical practice and scientific contexts for evaluating QoL in patients with lymphoedema of the limbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a self‐report instrument measuring 6‐ to 12‐year‐old children's own experiences of participation in health care. Background: Validated measures to evaluate children's participation in health care can play a critical role in strategic work towards supporting children's participation at an individual level and in working towards quality improvements at an organisational level. There are, however, no available instruments to achieve this. Methods: An instrument development design was used, together with the TRIPOD checklist. Item construction was based on research about children's perspectives on participation in health care and Shier's model for participation. The face and content validity was evaluated by 14 healthy children, 9 paediatric nurses and 8 children with different diseases. The construct validity, internal consistency and stability reliability were evaluated based on data from 138 children visiting a paediatric clinic. Results: The testing of the face and content validity resulted in an instrument with child‐friendly language, additional instructions and visual attractive presentation. The principle component analysis resulted in the four‐factor solution: "To be included," "To trust professionals," "To take control," and "To understand information." Internal consistency and intraclass correlation coefficients were acceptable. Conclusion: We conclude that the child participation in health care (ChiPaC) instrument has adequate reliability and validity when used to evaluate children's participation in health care. The involvement of children in the development of ChiPaC resulted in a brief, colourful and user‐friendly instrument for use in paediatric health care. Relevance to clinical practice: This new questionnaire, ChiPaC, is adapted for children between 6–12 years measuring participation in health care from a child perspective. ChiPaC can be used in the practical work of supporting individual children's participation in health care as well as in the strategical work towards quality improvements on an organisational level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and objectives: To translate the Clinical Trial Nursing Questionnaire (CTNQ) into Swedish and test it for face and content validity as well as internal consistency and reproducibility using test–retest procedures. Introduction/Background: In many countries, as in Sweden, a registered nurse can be involved in research by becoming a clinical research nurse. The clinical research nurse plays a pivotal role in clinical studies as a part of the research team. Scales have been developed and used with the objective to clarify the role of clinical research nurses: one of them is the CTNQ. Methods: A quantitative cross‐sectional design with a test–retest procedure was applied to validate the translated questionnaire. By using a snowball sampling method, relevant participants were identified and 49 registered nurses working in the field of research as clinical research nurses answered the questionnaire on two occasions. An expert panel of three clinical research nurses evaluated the questionnaire for face and content validity. The STROBE checklist for observational research has been followed for presenting the research (see File S1). Results: Face and content validity was agreed upon in the expert panel group. Tests for internal consistency of the CTNQ was calculated and showed a high Cronbach's alpha for both the frequency and importance subscales. The test–retest correlation analysis (reproducibility) also revealed a high correlation coefficient for both subscales. Conclusion: The CTNQ‐SWE is a valid and robust instrument in a Swedish version. The instrument can be of importance in assessing the role of clinical research nurses in Sweden in future studies. Relevance to clinical practice: Use of the CTNQ‐SWE in future research can be of value for clarification and professional development of the clinical research nurse role in Sweden. The further use of the CTNQ in Sweden can be of value in understanding the process where licensed nurses make a transition into becoming a clinical research nurse, and to identify needs for customised education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of validated instruments and questionnaires on abuse is of great importance to evaluate and compare the prevalence in different populations worldwide. However, most of the questionnaires available and published are in English. For example, the NorVold Abuse Questionnaire (NorAQ) instrument which was used for the Bidens study in six European countries. A substantial proportion of the pregnant population in the catchment area of the clinical site in Sweden is Arabic-speaking women. As abuse and violence against women is a global concern, it is important to translate these questionnaires to other languages. This process is not just merely a matter of finding a correlating word but also needs to be validated for content and consider the wording in a linguistic and cultural context. This article gives an account of the translation and content validity process and its challenges and pitfalls from Swedish and English into the Arabic language version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to develop and to validate the self-administered Falun health instrument. An additional aim was to test its applicability in measuring people’s lifestyles linked to health. Methods: In 2002, an instrument was constructed containing questions regarding the hazardous use of alcohol, tobacco, unhealthy diets and insufficient physical activity. A pilot study using the instrument was assessed between 2002 and 2006. In Sweden, it was further expanded and tested during the years 2004–2014 among a total of 1295 people. Results: Face validity was evaluated among colleagues and experts for clarity and completeness resulting in minor adjustments of some questions. With the test–retest method, the self-administered Falun health questionnaire showed a positive and high reproducibility and high compliance. Cronbach’s alpha showed a high level of consistency (average 0.86). Factor analysis demonstrated the choice of questions correlated highly to the measured lifestyle. Conclusions: This study showed that the self-administered Falun health questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument, useful for detecting individuals at risk of developing diseases that are related to individual choice of lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is limited consensus about what constitutes humanly sensitive care, or how it can be sustained in care settings. A new humanised care assessment tool may point to caring practices that are up to the task of meeting persons as humans within busy healthcare environments. This paper describes qualitative development of a tool that is conceptually sensitive to human dimensions of care informed by a life‐world philosophical orientation. Items were generated to reflect eight theoretical dimensions that constitute what makes care feel humanly focused. An action research group process in 2014–2015 with researchers, service users, healthcare professionals in two diverse clinical settings (stroke rehabilitation and dermatology) was used. Feedback on conceptual content, transparency of meaning and readability was then gained from a panel in Sweden and third‐year student nurses in the UK. The tool can be applied to attune staff to human dimensions of care, offering items which point to concrete examples of humanising and dehumanising features of practice in ways that have not yet been fully captured in the caring literature. Based on theoretically led experiential items, with dedicated focus on what makes people feel more, or less than human, it may offer improvement on available assessments of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To explore registered nurses’ (RNs) own experience of using the nurse-initiated pain protocol (NIPP) in the emergency department (ED) based on their working experience. Background: Pain is known to be one of the most common symptoms among adult patients seeking care at the ED. Several strategies aiming to improve pain management have been developed. Despite some improvements in pain management using NIPP, a large number of patients continue to have inadequate pain treatment when cared for in EDs. Design and method: A cross-sectional study design based on a questionnaire was used. The variable working experience was based on a theory that experience will make a change in RNs’ knowledge. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square tests were used for analysing quantative data. Qualitative data were analysed by summative content analysis. Results: Seventy RNs answered the questionnaire (response rate 42%) and 61% considered the NIPP adequate to relieve patients’ acute pain at the ED. No significant difference was found on how the RNs used the NIPP. However, qualitative data showed that more experienced RNs adapt the NIPP according to the patients’ needs in a higher extent. Conclusion: A majority of the RNs consider the NIPP to be adequate to relieve patients’ acute pain in the ED. An increase in working experience showed an impact on how the NIPP was used, with an increase in pain management that is personalised depending on individual patients’ needs. The RNs used several alternatives to both dosage and type of medication when the ED becomes crowded. Relevance to clinical practice: Registered nurses’ working experience should be considered when planning nursing schedules to be better able to meet patients’ needs. Guidelines should be developed and evaluated by both healthcare professionals and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To develop a Thai questionnaire ชีวิตและสุขภาพของวัยรุ่นในประเทศไทย (TYQ) to explore girls’ and boys’ living conditions, lifestyles, and self-reported health with special focus on sexuality, based on a Swedish questionnaire, Liv & Hälsa ung (SYQ). Challenges in developing a youth questionnaire for comparative studies are described. Design: A multistep translation, sociocultural adaptation procedure, and a mixed-method validation test were performed using English as a common language within the research group. Three versions of SYQ were used as a pool of questions to develop the questionnaire. Findings: From a field test, unclear questions were identified and minor adjustments made. Life & Health Young People in a Thai version was successfully developed. The English version was used to bridge the language gap. Conclusion: This unique multistep methodology, including mixed-method validation procedure, can be used by researchers in countries where English is not the main language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Patient satisfaction is an outcome measure for low-back pain (LBP) interventions which allows clinicians to design patient-oriented treatments. The Treatment Outcome Satisfaction Questionnaire (TOSQ) is an English instrument constructed for such evaluations, and no equivalent instruments exist for the Swedish population. This study, therefore, translated TOSQ into Swedish and assessed the translated version's psychometric properties for patients with LBP.Methods: A cross-cultural adaptation was used to translate TOSQ into Swedish. Subsequently, data from 131 patients with LBP whom undergone physiotherapy were consecutively aggregated and analyzed in a Rasch rating scale model with person measures standardized at 0-100 logits to evaluate the translated scale's validity. Finally, test-retest reliability of the Swedish version of TOSQ (TOSQ-S) was quantified via an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM) in 41 patients.Results: TOSQ was successfully translated into Swedish; however, while some Rasch model indices supported the translated scale's unidimensionality, one out of eight items and 12 out of 131 subjects misfitted the model. Scale optimization resulted in a 6-item subconfiguration, for which all items fitted the model, person misfits were reduced to ten subjects, and the person separation index increased from 1.86 to 2.04. ICC and SEM estimates suggested acceptable reliability for the six-item TOSQ-S at 0.66 and 6.6 logits, respectively.Conclusions: A six-item TOSQ-S configuration showed acceptable psychometric properties and is suitable for measuring treatment outcome satisfaction of physiotherapy in patients with LBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior studies with children and adolescents have shown that Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version (YPI-S) scores are internally consistent and manifest expected relations with external variables of interest. In the present study, the factor structure and the internal consistency of YPI-S scores, and the convergent validity of the interpretation of YPI-S scores were tested in a sample of 2,500 emerging adults from the general population in Sweden (aged 20-24 years; 52.6% women). Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses support a 3-factor structure among both men and women that is similar to prior YPI-S studies conducted with children and adolescents. The YPI-S total score and the 3 factor scores were internally consistent. Correlations with external variables, including aggression and delinquency, support the convergent validity of the interpretation of YPI-S scores. Finally, the strength of these zero-order and partial correlations, overall, was not significantly different across gender. In conclusion, this study provides initial evidence that the YPI-S may hold promise as a brief and time-effective self-report tool for assessing psychopathic traits in emerging adults. The present findings also suggest that the YPI-S performs in a consistent manner across gender. Recommendations for future research with the YPI-S are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is a widely used instrument to measure quality of life in patients with subacromial pain or rotator cuff syndrome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the WORC for assessment of subacromial disease including rotator cuff syndrome treated by surgery. Methods: A total of 65 patients were included in this study, mean age 60 years (range 36-82), 42% women, all were candidates for surgery for subacromial pain conditions at two orthopedic units during 2004-2006 and 2011-2012. Calculations of the validity of Pearson's correlation coefficient, floor and ceiling effects, reliability and responsiveness have formed the basis of assessment of the WORC index properties. WORC has been tested against Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder (WOOS), Oxford Shoulder Score and EQ-5D. An additional 49 patients, mean age 64 years (range 36-74) 20% of whom were women, were analyzed in a WORC test-retest with ICC and also correlated to Constant-Murley Score. Results: The validity analysis of WORC showed high correlations with both the specific and the generic health measurement instrument. The reliability calculations of the WORC resulted in ICC = 0.97 and Cronbach's alpha = 0.97. Responsiveness was also excellent for WORC with Effect size = 1.35 and Standardized Response mean = 1.01. We found that the WORC showed a strong correlation with the WOOS (0.97) and the Constant-Murley Score (0.85). A good correlation was found with the Oxford Shoulder Score (0.74) and the EQ-5D (0.71). Conclusions: The Swedish version of WORC can be considered reliable, valid and responsive for use as an assessment of outcome and a health measurement instrument for patients treated by surgery for subacromial disease including rotator cuff syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to examine the utility and content validity of the Swedish version of the Volitional Questionnaire (VQ-S). The participants in this study were thirteen occupational therapists selected because they worked with clients for whom the VQ-S is appropriate (in this case, adults with intellectual impairments) and because they had knowledge of the Model of Human Occupation. These participants completed a demographic questionnaire at the beginning of the study. Each therapist then used the VQ-S a total of six times and after each time they completed a questionnaire concerning the utility and content validity of the instrument. After having administered the instrument six times they completed a third questionnaire that assessed their perceptions of the VQ-S based on their total experience. Data from these questionnaires and the six assessment forms with the actual client ratings were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative procedures. The findings indicate that the VQ-S has clinical relevance and potential for implementation with adults with intellectual impairments. They also support the content validity of the VQ-S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although many validation studies of FFQ have been reported, only a few addressed the effect of inclusion of dietary supplement use on the validity of micronutrient estimates. The purpose of the present study was to assess reproducibility and validity of a self-administered FFQ, intended to measure total nutrient intake from diet and from dietary supplements, in a random population-based sample of 248 middle-aged and elderly men (40-74 y old) in central Sweden. Fourteen 24-h recall interviews were used as the reference method. Participants were telephoned about once a month for 1 y, covering every day of the week, twice in random order. Spearman correlation coefficients increased 13% (from 0.49 to 0.62), between FFQ-based micronutrient estimates and the fourteen 24-h recall interviews (reference method) when supplement use was included. Correct classification into highest quintiles was also improved by 14% (from 37 to 51%). There were no differences in mean intraclass correlation coefficients for 1-y reproducibility between total micronutrient intake and micronutrients from foods only. The increase in the validity of micronutrient estimates due to inclusion of supplements in nutrient intake assessment has important implications for sample size in epidemiologic studies. Because a dramatic increase in dietary supplement use has occurred in recent decades in many countries, the issue of including supplements in dietary assessment should be of highest priority in nutritional epidemiologic studies of chronic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate whether consumers of high and low levels of alcohol could be identified by two questions about alcohol use in a postal questionnaire survey. A sample of 2,300 persons aged 18-64 years from Stockholm county were sent a masked postal questionnaire comprising 30 questions about their health and functioning. Two questions concerned their alcohol consumption. One year later the subjects underwent a psychiatric health examination, which included an assessment of their alcohol use. The two questions about alcohol consumption identified high alcohol consumers with a relatively high sensitivity and specificity, of 64% and 87%, respectively, and thus are useful for identifying high alcohol consumers in health surveys using questionnaires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Implementation of person-centred care (PCC) is a challenging undertaking. Thus, a call has been issued for a robust and generic instrument to measure and enable evaluation of PCC across settings and patient groups. This study aimed to develop a generic questionnaire measuring patients' perceptions of PCC. Further aims were to evaluate its content and measurement properties using a mixed-methods approach entailing Rasch and qualitative content analyses.Methods: The study was conducted in three iterative phases. Phase one included six key informants to gain a broad view of the concept. Phase two entailed a Delphi study involving two rounds with eight experts who generated ratings on relevance, readability, comprehensiveness and suggestions for revision. Data were analysed using the Item Content Validity Index in conjunction with qualitative comments to improve the questionnaire. Phase three was performed using a mixed-methods design. Quantitative data were collected from patients (n = 553) responding to the questionnaire who were recruited from six in- and outpatient care units in a health care region in Sweden. Data was analysed using the Rasch measurement model. Qualitative data were based on the respondents' free-text comments, cognitive interviews (n = 10) and field notes, and then analysed with deductive content analysis.Results: A questionnaire was developed and operationalised based on the information given by key informants in phase one and then validated for its content by experts in phase two. In phase three Rasch analyses revealed problems with targeting, thresholds and two misfitting items. These problems were corroborated by data from the qualitative analyses, which also revealed some issues of wording and interpretation of items. When thresholds were resolved and two items removed, the questionnaire met the assumptions of the Rasch model.Conclusions: Experts gave the questionnaire content high ratings and it met measurement requirements assumed by the Rasch model after revisions. Those problems on targeting that remain need to be addressed in future studies. Meanwhile, we regard the questionnaire as of sufficient quality to be useful in benchmarking PCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]