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2. Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA) (13th, Mannheim, Germany, October 28-30, 2016)
- Author
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International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), Sampson, Demetrios G., Spector, J. Michael, Ifenthaler, Dirk, and Isaias, Pedro
- Abstract
These proceedings contain the papers of the 13th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA 2016), October 28-30, 2016, which has been organized by the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), co-organized by the University of Mannheim, Germany, and endorsed by the Japanese Society for Information and Systems in Education (JSISE). The CELDA conference aims to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There have been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. These proceedings contain the following keynote lectures: (1) From Digital to Double Blended Learning (Jeroen J. G. van Merrienboer); and (2) Open Educational Resources: Educational Technology as a Driver for Educational Reform? (Michael Kerres). Full papers in these proceedings include: (1) A Service-Learning Project Using Crowdfunding Strategy: Students' Experience and Reflection (Jessnor Elmy Mat-jizat and Khalizul Khalid); (2) Towards a Theory-Based Design Framework for an Effective E-Learning Computer Programming Course (Ian S. McGowan); (3) An Ontology for Learning Services on the Shop Floor (Carsten Ullrich); (4) The Impact of Technology Integration upon Collegiate Pedagogy from the Lens of Multiple Disciplines (Joan Ann Swanson); (5) A Learning Support System Regarding Motion Trigger for Repetitive Motion Having an Operating Instrument (Hiroshi Toyooka, Kenji Matsuura, and Naka Gotoda); (6) Task-Based Assessment of Students' Computational Thinking Skills Developed through Visual Programming or Tangible Coding Environments (Takam Djambong and Viktor Freiman); (7) Framework for Intelligent Teaching and Training Systems--A Study of the Systems (Nikolaj Troels Graf von Malotky and Alke Martens); (8) Mobile Device Usage in Higher Education (Jan Delcker, Andrea Honal, and Dirk Ifenthaler); (9) Features Students Really Expect from Learning Analytics (Clara Schumacher and Dirk Ifenthaler); (10) Music Technology Competencies for Education: A Proposal for a Pedagogical Architecture for Distance Learning (Fátima Weber Rosas, Leticia Rocha Machado, and Patricia Alejandra Behar); (11) Increasing Students' Science Writing Skills through a PBL Simulation (Scott W. Brown, Kimberly A. Lawless, Christopher Rhoads, Sarah D. Newton, and Lisa Lynn); (12) The Effect of Choosing versus Receiving Feedback on College Students' Performance (Maria Cutumisu and Daniel L. Schwartz); (13) The Impact of Middle-School Students' Feedback Choices and Performance on Their Feedback Memory (Maria Cutumisu and Daniel L. Schwartz); (14) Numerical Acuity Enhancement in Kindergarten: How Much Does Material Presentation Form Mean? (Maria Lidia Mascia, Maria Chiara Fastame, Mirian Agus, Daniela Lucangeli, and Maria Pietronilla Penna); (15) A Video Game for Learning Brain Evolution: A Resource or a Strategy? (Luisa Fernanda Barbosa Gomez, Maria Cristina Bohorquez Sotelo, Naydu Shirley Roja Higuera, and Brigitte Julieth Rodriguez Mendoza); (16) Communication Vulnerability in the Digital Age: A Missed Concern in Constructivism (Fusa Katada); (17) Online Learners' Navigational Patterns Based on Data Mining in Terms of Learning Achievement (Sinan Keskin, Muhittin Sahin, Adem Ozgur, and Halil Yurdugul); (18) Amazed by Making: How Do Teachers Describe Their PBL Experience (Dalit Levy and Olga Dor); (19) Group Work and the Impact, If Any, of the Use of Google Applications for Education (Jannat Maqbool); (20) Fractangi: A Tangible Learning Environment for Learning about Fractions with an Interactive Number Line (Magda Mpiladeri, George Palaigeorgiou, and Charalampos Lemonidis); (21) Evaluation of Learning Unit Design with Use of Page Flip Information Analysis (Izumi Horikoshi, Masato Noguchi, and Yasuhisa Tamura); (22) Einstein's Riddle as a Tool for Profiling Students (Vildan Özeke and Gökhan Akçapinar); (23) Exploring Students' E-Learning Effectiveness through the Use of Line Chat Application (Tassaneenart Limsuthiwanpoom, Penjira Kanthawongs, Penjuree Kanthawongs, and Sasithorn Suwandee); (24) Factors Affecting Perceived Satisfaction with Facebook in Education (Penjuree Kanthawongs, Penjira Kanthawongs, and Chaisak Chitcharoen); (25) Interactive Video, Tablets and Self-Paced Learning in the Classroom: Preservice Teachers' Perceptions (Anthia Papadopoulou and George Palaigeorgiou); (26) Cognitive Design for Learning: Cognition and Emotion in the Design Process (Joachim Hasebrook); (27) Investigating the Potential of the Flipped Classroom Model in K-12 Mathematics Teaching and Learning (Maria Katsa, Stylianos Sergis, and Demetrios G. Sampson; (28) Learning Analytics to Understand Cultural Impacts on Technology Enhanced Learning (Jenna Mittelmeier, Dirk Tempelaar, Bart Rienties, and Quan Nguyen); (29) Widening and Deepening Questions in Web-Based Investigative Learning (Akihiro Kashihara and Naoto Akiyama); (30) Year 9 Student Voices Negotiating Digital Tools and Self-Regulated Learning Strategies in a Bilingual Managed Learning Environment (Ulla Freihofner, Simone Smala, and Chris Campbell); (31) Purposeful Exploratory Learning with Video Using Analysis Categories (Meg Colasante); (32) Building a Learning Experience: What Do Learners' Online Interaction Data Imply (Mehmet Kokoç and Arif Altun); (33) Rules for Adaptive Learning and Assistance on the Shop Floor (Carsten Ullrich); and (34) Participation and Achievement in Enterprise MOOCs for Professional Learning (Florian Schwerer and Marc Egloffstein). Short papers included in these proceedings include: (1) Connectivist Communication Networks (Ingolf Waßmann, Robin Nicolay, and Alke Martens); (2) Learning and Skills Development in a Virtual Class of Educommunications Based on Educational Proposals and Interactions (Maria Cristina Bohorquez Sotelo, Brigitte Julieth Rodriguez Mendoza, Sandra Milena Vega, Naydu Shirley Roja Higuera, and Luisa Fernanda Barbosa Gomez); (3) The Relationship among ICT Skills, Traditional Reading Skills and Online Reading Ability (I-Fang Liu and Hwa-Wei Ko); (4) Towards Concept Understanding Relying on Conceptualisation in Constructivist Learning (Farshad Badie); (5) E-Learning in Chemistry Education: Self-Regulated Learning in a Virtual Classroom (Rachel Rosanne Eidelman and Yael Shwartz); (6) Relationship of Mobile Learning Readiness to Teacher Proficiency in Classroom Technology Integration (Rhonda Christensen and Gerald Knezek); (7) Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and Internet Residency: Implications for Both Personal Life and Teaching/Learning (Linda Crearie); (8) A Portfolio for Optimal Collaboration of Human and Cyber Physical Production Systems in Problem-Solving (Fazel Ansari and Ulrich Seidenberg); (9) Innovative Collaborative Learning Strategies for Integrated Interactive E-Learning in the 21st Century (Barbara Son); (10) Educational Criteria for Evaluating Simple Class Diagrams Made by Novices for Conceptual Modeling (Mizue Kayama, Shinpei Ogata, David K. Asano, and Masami Hashimoto); (11) Digital Natives and Digital Divide: Analysing Perspective for Emerging Pedagogy (Uriel U. Onye and Yunfei Du); (12) E-Learning System Using Segmentation-Based MR Technique for Learning Circuit Construction (Atsushi Takemura); (13) Students' Google Drive Intended Usage: A Case Study of Mathematics Courses in Bangkok University (Krisawan Prasertsith, Penjira Kanthawongs, and Tan Limpachote); (14) An Empirical Study on the Impact of Self-Regulation and Compulsivity towards Smartphone Addition of University Students (Penjira Kanthawongs, Felicito Angeles Jabutay, Ruangrit Upalanala, and Penjuree Kanthawongs); (15) Adaptive Game Based Learning Using Brain Measures for Attention--Some Explorations (Jelke van der Pal, Christopher Roos, Ghanshaam Sewnath, and Christian Rosheuvel); (16) Evaluation of the Course of the Flight Simulators from the Perspective of Students and University Teachers (Feyzi Kaysi, Bünyamin Bavli and Aysun Gürol); (17) Development of Critical Thinking with Metacognitive Regulation (Yasushi Gotoh); (18) Enacting STEM Education for Digital Age Learners: The "Maker" Movement Goes to School (Dale S. Niederhauser and Lynne Schrum); (19) New Scenarios for Audience Response Systems in University Lectures (Daniel Schön, Stephan Kopf, Melanie Klinger, and Benjamin Guthier); (20) Academic Retention: Results from a Study in an Italian University College (Maria Lidia Mascia, Mirian Agus, Maria Assunta Zanetti, Eliano Pessa, and Maria Pietronilla Penna); and (21) Learning How to Write an Academic Text: The Effect of Instructional Method and Reflection on Text Quality. Reflection papers in these proceedings include: (1) Teachers' Attitude towards ICT Use in Secondary Schools: A Scale Development Study (Mehmet Kemal Aydin, Ali Semerci, and Mehmet Gürol); and (2) Inventing the Invented for STEM Understanding (Alicia Stansell, Tandra Tyler-Wood, and Christina Stansell). An author index is included. Individual papers contain references.
- Published
- 2016
3. What the World Chemical Community Thinks about the Concept of Physical and Chemical Change?
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Palmer, W. P.
- Abstract
The concept of physical and chemical change is far from being the clearest and most self-explanatory concept in the world. If a number of chemists are asked to define physical and chemical change, there may well appear to be a fair degree of uniformity in their answers, until a few examples are suggested. When chemists are asked to place a variety of changes into the category of physical or chemical change, then differences inevitably arise. It is not difficult to demonstrate this by viewing school textbooks and articles about the topic. In spite of this, physical and chemical change is still taught in most in most secondary school courses. The problem arises from the definition and the historical layers of meaning that have grown around the concept, almost by accretion, without teachers being aware of their significance. The purpose of this paper is to describe the answers given by experienced educators to a questionnaire, which attempted to find out what the views of science educators/chemists worldwide about physical and chemical change now are. Four appendixes present: (1) List of Respondents; (2) List of Questionnaires Returned; (3) Physical and Chemical Change: An Information Sheet; and (4) Full Questionnaire: Interview Protocol or Basis for Written Response.
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- 1996
4. The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative and Quantitative Perspectives. Report of the International Conference on the Changing Academic Profession Project, 2008. RIHE International Seminar Reports. No.12
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Hiroshima University, Research Institute for Higher Education (Japan)
- Abstract
This year the Research Institute for Higher Education in Hiroshima University hosted an international conference in close collaboration with Hijiyama University. The main purpose of the 2008 conference was to enable the participants to give preliminary country/regional reports based on their national/regional surveys. This publication reports the proceedings of the conference. The following papers are presented at the conference: (1) International Implications of the Changing Academic Profession in Japan (Akira Arimoto); (2) The Context for the Changing Academic Profession: A Survey of International Indicators (William K. Cummings); (3) The Changing Academic Profession in Canada: Exploring Themes of Relevance, Internationalization, and Management (Amy Scott Metcalfe); (4) The Changing Academic Profession in the United States: 2007 (Martin Finkelstein and William Cummings); (5) The Academic Profession in England: Still Stratified after All These Years? (William Locke); (6) Changes in the Finnish Academic Profession Reflect Reforms in Higher Education (Timo Aarrevaara and Seppo Holtta); (7) Academic Staff in Germany: "Per Aspera Ad Astra?" (Ulrich Teichler); (8) The Changing Academic Profession in Italy: Accounts from the Past, First Insights from the Present (Michele Rostan); (9) The Australian Academic Profession: A First Overview (Hamish Coates, Leo Goedegebuure, Jeannet Van Der Lee and Lynn Meek); (10) Governance and Decision-Making Related to Academic Activities: The Case of Higher Educational Institutions in Malaysia (Muhammad Jantan and Morshidi Sirat); (11) A Preliminary Review of the Hong Kong CAP Data (Gerard A. Postiglione and Hei Hang Hayes Tang); (12) Progress of the Academic Profession in Mainland China (Hong Chen); (13) Analyses of the Educational Backgrounds and Career Paths of Faculty in Higher Education Institutions in Beijing Municipality, China (Yan Fengqiao and Chen Yuan); (14) The Changing Academic Profession in an Era of University Reform in Japan (Tsukasa Daizen and Atsunori Yamanoi); (15) Brazilian Academic Profession: Some Recent Trends (Elizabeth Balbachevsky, Simon Schwartzman, Nathalia Novaes Alves, Dante Filipe Felgueiras dos Santos, and Tiago Silva Birkhoz Duarte); (16) Mexican Academics at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century: Who Are They and How Do They Perceive Their Work, Institutions and Public Policies (A Preliminary Analysis) (Jesus Francisco Galaz-Fontes, Laura Elena Padilla-Gonzalez, Manuel Gil-Anton, Juan Jose Sevilla-Garcia, Jose Luis Arcos-Vega, Jorge Martinez-Stack, Sergio Martinez-Romo, Gabriel Arturo Sanchez-de-Aparicio-y-Benitez, Leonardo Jimenez-Loza and Maria Elena Barrera-Bustillos); (17) The Academic Profession in Argentina: Characteristics and Trends in the Context of a Mass Higher Education System (Monica Marquina and Norberto Fernandez Lamarra); and (18) The Academic Profession in South Africa in Times of Change: Portrait from the Preliminary Results of the Changing Academic Profession (CAP) Research Project (Charste C. Wolhuter, Philip Higgs, Leonie G. Higgs, and Isaac M. Ntshoe). Appended are: (1) CAP Questionnaire; (2) Conference Program; and (3) List of Participants. Individual papers contain figures, tables, references and footnotes.
- Published
- 2008
5. Proceedings of the Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (29th, Melbourne, Australia, July 10-15, 2005). Volume 3
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International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education., Chick, Helen L., and Vincent, Jill L.
- Abstract
The third volume of the 29th annual conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education contains full research report papers. Papers include: (1) Students' Use of ICT Tools: Choices and Reasons (Anne Berit Fuglestad); (2) Interaction of Modalities in Cabri: A Case Study (Fulvia Furinghetti, Francesca Morselli, and Domingo Paola); (3) The Duality of Zero in the Transition from Arithmetic to Algebra (Aurora Gallardo and Abraham Hernandez); (4) Conflicts in Offshore Learning Environments of a University Preparatory Mathematics Course (Linda Galligan); (5) The Diverse Learning Needs of Young Children who were Selected for an Intervention Program (Ann Gervasoni); (6) Using Contradictions in a Teaching and Learning Development Project (Simon Goodchild and Barbara Jaworski); (7) A Sociocultural Analysis of Learning to Teach (Merrilyn Goos); (8) Three Case Studies on the Role of Memorizing in Learning and Teaching Mathematics (Sue Gordon and Jackie Nicholas); (9) Reconstructing Norms (Nuria Gorgorio and Nuria Planas); (10) Forming Teachers as Resonance Mediators (Paolo Guidoni, Donatella Iannece, and Roberto Tortora); (11) Investigating the Problem Solving Competency of Pre Service Teachers in Dynamic Geometry Environment (Shajahan Haja); (12) Structure and Typical Profiles of Elementary Teacher Students' View of Mathematics (Markku Hannula, Raimo Kaasila, Erkki Pehkonen, and Anu Laine); (13) Preservice Teachers' View on y= x+5 and y = [pi] x [superscript 2] Expressed through the Utilization of Concept Maps: A Study of the Concept of Function (Orjan Hansson); (14) Mistake-Handling Activities in the Mathematics Classroom (Aiso Heinze); (15) One Teacher's Role in Promoting Understanding in Mental Computation (Ann Heirdsfield); (16) In the Middle of Nowhere: How a Textbook Can Position the Mathematics Learner (Beth Herbel-Eisenmann and David Wagner); (17) Chinese Whispers--Algebra Style: Grammatical, Notational, Mathematical and Activity Tensions (Dave Hewitt); (18) Pedagogy of Facilitation: How do we Best Help Teachers of Mathematics with New Practices? (Joanna Higgins); (19) Students' Difficulties with Applying a Familiar Formula in an Unfamiliar Context (Maureen Hoch and Tommy Dreyfus); (20) Learning Mathematics: Perspectives of Australian Aboriginal Children and Their Teachers (Peter Howard and Bob Perry); (21) Verification or Proof: Justification of Pythagoras' Theorem in Chinese Mathematics Classrooms (Rongjin Huang); (22) Mozambican Teachers' Professional Knowledge about Limits of Functions (Danielle Huillet); (23) Heuristic Biases in Mathematical Reasoning (Matthew Inglis and Adrian Simpson); (24) Three Utilities for the Equal Sign (Ian Jones and Dave Pratt); (25) Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) as a Tool for Coaxing the Emergence of Reasoning about Equivalence of Algebraic Expressions (Carolyn Kieran and Luis Saldanha); (26) Students' Colloquial and Mathematical Discourses on Infinity And Limit (Dong Joong Kim, Anna Sfard, and Joan Ferrini-Mundy); (27) The Effect of Mathmagic on the Algebraic Knowledge and Skills of Low-Performing High School Students (Hari P. Koirala); (28) Learning and Teaching Early Number: Teachers' Perceptions (Cally Kuhne, Marja Van Den Heuvel-Panhuizen, and Paula Ensor); (29) Situation-Specific and Generalized Components Of Professional Knowledge of Mathematics Teachers: Research on a Video-Based In-Service Teacher Learning Program (Sebastian Kuntze and Kristina Reiss); (30) Assessing Professional Growth of Pre-Service Teachers Using Comparison between Theoretical And Practical Image of the "Good Teacher" (Ilana Lavy and Atara Shriki); (31) Mathematically Gifted Students' Geometrical Reasoning and Informal Proof (Kyung Hwa Lee); (32) Investigation on an Elementary Teacher's Mathematics Pedagogical Values through Her Approach to Students' Errors (Yuh-Chyn Leu and Chao-Jung Wu); (33) How the Calculator-Assisted Instruction Enhances Two Fifth Grade Students' Learning Number Sense in Taiwan (Yung-Chi Lin and Erh-Tsung Chin); (34) Fourth-Grade Students' Performance on Graphical Languages in Mathematics (Tom Lowrie and Carmel Diezmann); (35) Preservice Teachers' Conceptions of Variation (Katie Makar and Dan Canada); (36) The Equivalence and Ordering of Fractions in Part-Whole and Quotient Situations (Ema Mamede, Terezinha Nunes, and Peter Bryant); (37) Growth of Mathematical Understanding in a Bilingual Context: Analysis and Implications (Sitaniselao Stan Manu); (38) Motivational Beliefs, Self-Regulated Learning and Mathematical Problem Solving (Andri Marcou and George Philippou); (39) Fractions in the Workplace: Folding Back and the Growth of Mathematical Understanding (Lyndon Martin, Lionel LaCroix, and Lynda Fownes); (40) Meaning Construction through Semiotic Means: The Case of the Visual Pyramid (Michela Maschietto and Maria G. Bartolini Bussi); (41) Students' Motivational Beliefs, Self-Regulation Strategies and Mathematics Achievement (Nikos Mousoulides and George Philippou); and (42) The Transition to Postgraduate Study in Mathematics: A Thinking Styles Perspective (Andreas Moutsios-Rentzos and Adrian Simpson). (Individual papers contain references.) [For Volume 2 of this Proceedings, see ED496859.]
- Published
- 2005
6. Profiling Language and Culture Strategy Use Patterns of ESL Student Teachers in Study Abroad by Using Self-Reported Data
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Ma, Anne, Wong, Ruth M. H., and Lam, Wendy Y. K.
- Abstract
This paper addresses a niche in studies on immersion programmes for English as second language learners. While studies on the impact of the experience of studying abroad are replete with reports about the enhancement of participants' language proficiency or intercultural skills, the present study investigates the types of language and culture strategies used by a group of student teachers on an overseas immersion programme by coding their interview responses and documenting the types of strategies reported. It also traces changes in the participants' perceptions of their strategy use before, during and after studying abroad. The findings show that while participants reported using speaking strategies and listening strategies much more than other language strategies, only a narrow range of both strategy groups are reported. Similar findings are found in their use of culture strategies. Different changes in strategy use before, during and after the immersion are reported. The paper interprets the findings. Both short-term and long-term pedagogic implications for strategy development on study-abroad programmes are proposed.
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- 2015
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7. Transition between Primary and Secondary School: Why It Is Important and How It Can Be Supported
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Hanewald, Ria
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This paper identifies and critiques literature on the experience of transition between primary and secondary school; how and why it is seen as critical and in what ways it can be supported. The aim of this literature review is to remind readers of this important period on the lives of young people and the diverse range of issues which they face. There is general consensus in the literature that well-designed and implemented transition approaches can assist in the process of supporting students, their families and school staff. Teachers are crucial in supporting children and young people moving in, between and out of school and making these transitions positive experiences. Therefore, pre-service teacher education needs to include awareness and understanding of the main issues in relation to transition. Teacher educators need to consider how they can incorporate transition programs and strategies in their courses to ensure that graduate teachers have the skills and knowledge to mediate some of the pressures that their students are facing when dealing with transitions. (Contains 1 figure.)
- Published
- 2013
8. Role and Justification of Web Archiving by National Libraries: A Questionnaire Survey
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Shiozaki, Ryo and Eisenschitz, Tamara
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This paper reports on a questionnaire survey of 16 national libraries designed to clarify how national libraries attempt to justify their web archiving activities. Results indicate they envisage that a) the benefits brought about by their initiatives are greater than the overall costs, b) the costs imposed on libraries are greater than the costs imposed on stakeholders, and c) all of them are making efforts to respond to legal risks in various ways (e.g. legislation, contracting and opt-out policies) although there are trade-off relations in terms of costs for negotiation, scope of access and size and scope of the web archive. The paper discusses whether a basic logic for justification of their web archiving is valid from the perspective of balancing cost-benefit. Further, it highlights the potential, underlying premises of the logic that motivates the intervention of national libraries as public sector organizations. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.)
- Published
- 2009
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9. Pre-Service Teachers' Attitudes, Concerns and Sentiments about Inclusive Education: An International Comparison of Novice Pre-Service Teachers
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Sharma, Umesh, Forlin, Chris, Loreman, Tim, and Earle, Chris
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This study investigates the nature of concerns and attitudes held by pre-service teachers regarding inclusive education and their degree of comfort on interaction with people with disabilities. Pre-service training may be the optimal time to address educators' concerns and alter any negative attitudes about inclusive education. This paper reports the perceptions of pre-service teachers prior to their involvement in units of work focusing specifically on inclusive education in universities located in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Results indicate significant differences exist between the students in the eastern countries of Singapore and Hong Kong, and those in the western countries of Canada and Australia. Participants in the Western countries tended to have more positive sentiments and attitudes towards students with disabilities, and more concerns than their Eastern counterparts. The study also suggests that in most instances pre-service teachers have more positive attitudes towards people with disabilities and inclusion, and more confidence in implementing inclusive practice when they have had additional training and/or experience with people with disabilities. (Contains 5 tables.)
- Published
- 2006
10. Teachers' Views on Spirituality for Adolescents in High Schools across Countries
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Pandya, Samta P.
- Abstract
Based on a study of 1689 high school teachers across 132 high schools in 12 countries, this paper discusses their views on spirituality for high school adolescents. In general, they favoured spirituality for adolescents and its inclusion in the curriculum. Specifically teachers from European countries, US, Canada and Australia attested the relational consciousness aspect of spirituality, which enabled adolescents to form and preserve meaningful social relationships and build their altruistic potential. Log regression analysis showed that spiritual assessment of adolescents was perceived as comprehending their spiritual starting point, specifically by those from European countries, US, Canada and Australia. Further, they perceived spirituality as an integral part of the moral science and value education curriculum, with the main curricular objective as cultivating adolescents' spiritual sensibilities and mindfulness. The study provides the nuances of such as curriculum on spirituality in the high schools in terms of knowledge, skills and attitude components.
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- 2017
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11. Beliefs about English: Trends in Australia, England and the United States.
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Peel, Robin and Hargreaves, Sandra
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Describes the preliminary findings of a comparative study investigating what "English" as a discipline means to secondary school and college teachers and students in the United States, Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Situates these findings in a historical context, reviews current discussions about the discipline, and looks to the future. (TB)
- Published
- 1995
12. A survey of speech pathologists' opinions about the prospective acceptability of an online implementation platform for aphasia services.
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Trebilcock, Megan, Shrubsole, Kirstine, Worrall, Linda, and Ryan, Brooke
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TELEREHABILITATION ,SPEECH therapy ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,INTERNET ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL care ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,SELF-efficacy ,REHABILITATION of aphasic persons ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SPEECH therapists ,INTERNET service providers - Abstract
Background: Online knowledge translation (KT) approaches are becoming increasingly prevalent within healthcare due to their accessibility and facilitation of international support networks. Online platforms enable timely and far‐reaching dissemination of current evidence and best‐practice recommendations. Although there is potential to improve the uptake of rehabilitation guidelines, it is essential to consider the acceptability of online approaches to healthcare professionals to ensure their successful integration within everyday clinical settings. Aims: To establish the prospective acceptability of a theoretically informed online intervention for speech pathologists, Aphasia Nexus: Connecting Evidence to Practice, that aims to facilitate the implementation of aphasia best practice. Methods & Procedures: A mixed‐methods multinational electronic survey based on the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) completed by aphasia researchers and clinicians. Outcomes & Results: A total of 43 participants completed the survey with 91% (n = 39) indicating that they would use Aphasia Nexus. Understanding the intervention and how it works (intervention coherence as per the TFA) was the key factor influencing the likelihood of integration within everyday clinical practice. Participants identified potential areas where the intervention could influence service change and also recommended further design and content changes to improve the intervention. Conclusions & Implications: Aphasia Nexus is an acceptable platform for further feasibility testing in the form of a pilot trial within an Australian‐based health service. The study progresses the theory of TFA as it was a valuable framework facilitating the identification of prominent factors influencing acceptability. The study also informs further intervention refinements in preparation for the next stage of research. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: Online strategies have the potential to enhance KT and promote the uptake of rehabilitation guidelines. An online intervention, however, can only be effective if implemented well. For this reason, it is essential to establish the acceptability of online interventions to the intended recipients and therefore increase the likelihood of successful implementation. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: This study used a theoretically based framework to establish the acceptability of an online implementation intervention, Aphasia Nexus, to multinational aphasia clinicians and researchers. It demonstrated the value in identifying the prominent factors influencing acceptability to inform further intervention refinements and warrant continuing research. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Speech pathologists should use online platforms to drive the implementation of best practice on an international scale. It is important for clinicians to have an in‐depth understanding of online interventions and how they work to enhance their successful uptake into routine clinical practice. Aphasia Nexus is an acceptable online platform for implementing best practice in aphasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Threshold Concepts in Finance: Conceptualizing the Curriculum
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Hoadley, Susan, Tickle, Leonie, Wood, Leigh N., and Kyng, Tim
- Abstract
Graduates with well-developed capabilities in finance are invaluable to our society and in increasing demand. Universities face the challenge of designing finance programmes to develop these capabilities and the essential knowledge that underpins them. Our research responds to this challenge by identifying threshold concepts that are central to the mastery of finance and by exploring their potential for informing curriculum design and pedagogical practices to improve student outcomes. In this paper, we report the results of an online survey of finance academics at multiple institutions in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom. The outcomes of our research are recommendations for threshold concepts in finance endorsed by quantitative evidence, as well as a model of the finance curriculum incorporating finance, modelling and statistics threshold concepts. In addition, we draw conclusions about the application of threshold concept theory supported by both quantitative and qualitative evidence. Our methodology and findings have general relevance to the application of threshold concept theory as a means to investigate and inform curriculum design and delivery in higher education.
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- 2015
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14. Enhancing Fieldwork Learning with Technology: Practitioner's Perspectives
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Welsh, Katharine E., Mauchline, Alice L., Park, Julian R., Whalley, W. Brian, and France, Derek
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This research paper reports the findings from an international survey of fieldwork practitioners on their use of technology to enhance fieldwork teaching and learning. It was found that there was high information technology usage before and after time in the field, but some were also using portable devices such as smartphones and global positioning system whilst out in the field. The main pedagogic reasons cited for the use of technology were the need for efficient data processing and to develop students' technological skills. The influencing factors and barriers to the use of technology as well as the importance of emerging technologies are discussed.
- Published
- 2013
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15. Responding to the Challenges of KM Education in the LIS Sector: Some Academic and Professional Perspectives
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Hazeri, Afsaneh and Martin, Bill
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As a newly emerging field of study, KM education is faced with significant challenges which continue to evolve. Informed by wider organisational perspectives, this paper presents the findings of recent research into this field. The first part of the research was in the form of an online survey canvassing the views of the wider LIS community on the responsibility of LIS schools for KM education; the second consisted of a collection of in-depth interviews with LIS academics who were engaged in education for KM. It is clear that the main challenges associated with KM education in the LIS discipline concern people's perceptions of KM and the place of KM in LIS education. Changes need to be made, both to these perceptions and to the ways in which LIZ schools market and package their KM offerings. (Contains 5 tables.)
- Published
- 2009
16. Computerized Educational Delivery Strategies in Nine North American Colleges.
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Bowles, John C.
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Results of survey of high technology educational delivery systems in nine two-year colleges (five in the United States and four in Canada) emphasize the use of computers to provide alternatives to traditional classroom teaching. Topics discussed include open education, self-paced (fleximode) learning, artificial intelligence, software, and possible applications in Australia. (Author/LRW)
- Published
- 1988
17. Clarifying gambling subtypes: the revised pathways model of problem gambling.
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Nower, Lia, Blaszczynski, Alex, and Anthony, Wen Li
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STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,HELP-seeking behavior ,GAMBLING ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,COMORBIDITY - Abstract
Background and Aims: The pathways model is a highly cited etiological model of problem gambling. In the past two decades, a number of studies have found support for the model's utility in classifying gambling subtypes. The aims of this paper were to refine empirically the model subtypes and to revise and update the model based on those findings. Design and Measurement: Observational study using data collected from treatment‐seeking problem gamblers using the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) and the Gambling Pathways Questionnaire (GPQ). Setting: Treatment clinics in Canada, Australia and the United States. Participants: A convenience sample of 1168 treatment‐seeking problem gamblers, aged 18 years or older. Findings Empirically validated risk factors were analyzed using latent class analyses, identifying a three‐class solution as the best‐fitting model. Those in the largest class (class 1: 44.3%, n = 517) reported the lowest levels of all etiological risk factors. Participants in class 2 (39.5%, n = 461) reported the highest rates of anxiety and depression, both before and after gambling became a problem, as well as childhood maltreatment, and a high level of gambling for stress‐coping. Those in class 3 (16.3%, n = 190) reported high levels of impulsivity; risk‐taking, including sexual risk‐taking; antisocial traits; and coping to provide meaning in life and to alleviate stress. Conclusions: The revised pathways model of problem gambling includes three classes of gamblers similar to the three subtypes in the original pathways model, but class 3 in the revised pathways model is distinct from class 2, showing higher levels of risk‐taking and antisocial traits and gambling motivated by a desire for meaning/purpose and/or to alleviate stress. Class 2 in the revised pathways model demonstrates high levels of childhood maltreatment as well as gambling for stress‐coping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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18. A psychometric systematic review of self-report instruments to identify anxiety in pregnancy.
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Evans, Kerry, Spiby, Helen, and Morrell, C. Jane
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CINAHL database ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,EVALUATION of medical care ,MEDLINE ,PRENATAL care ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH evaluation ,RESEARCH funding ,SELF-evaluation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,ANXIETY disorders ,CROSS-sectional method ,PREGNANCY ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Aims To report a systematic review of the psychometric properties of self-report instruments to identify the symptoms of anxiety in pregnancy to help clinicians and researchers select the most suitable instrument. Background Excessive anxiety in pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes, developmental and behavioural problems in infants and postnatal depression. Despite recommendations for routine psychological assessment in pregnancy, the optimal methods to identify anxiety in pregnancy have not been confirmed. Design Psychometric systematic review. Data sources A systematic literature search of the multiple databases (1990-September 2014). Review methods Identification of self-report instruments to measure anxiety in pregnancy using COSMIN guidelines to assess studies reporting a psychometric evaluation of validity and reliability. Results Thirty-two studies were included. Studies took place in the UK, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Italy, Scandinavia, Spain and the Netherlands. Seventeen different instruments were identified. Measures of validity were reported in 19 papers and reliability in 16. The overall quality of the papers was rated as fair to excellent using the COSMIN checklist. Only one paper scored excellent in more than one category. Conclusion Many instruments have been adapted for use in different populations to those for which they were designed. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale have been tested more frequently than other instruments, yet require further assessment to confirm their value for use in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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19. Factors Influencing the Uptake of Research Evidence in Child Welfare: A Synthesis of Findings from Australia, Canada and Ireland.
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Buckley, Helen, Tonmyr, Lil, Lewig, Kerry, and Jack, Susan
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CHILD abuse ,CHILD welfare ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL care research ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,DECISION making in clinical medicine ,QUALITATIVE research ,GOVERNMENT policy ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
This paper draws on three studies conducted in Australia, Canada and Ireland which explore the factors influencing research utilisation in the child protection sector in each country. The paper recognises that research uptake is complicated by a number of factors. It also acknowledges critiques which cite the equally significant influence of ideologies, context, unpredictability, time constraints and political expediency. However, all three studies recognised the increasing importance of evidence-based practice. The methods used in the three studies were not identical but the frameworks used were sufficiently similar to enable the classification of both common and dissimilar barriers and facilitators to research use. Those which they identified were categorised into four types: individual, organisational, environmental and characteristics relating to the nature of research material. Implications were identified for policy makers, service providers and research producers. The point was made that we now live in a period where unprecedented means of knowledge transfer and exchange provide unique opportunities to improve the lives of children and families. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Messages Avail of opportunities to attend learning events., Draw on research findings when conducting assessments, writing reports, devising intervention plans, evaluating programmes and tendering for funding., Establish links with research centres., Become involved in the conduct of research., Support colleagues (champions) who display particular interest and motivation in the use of research evidence by recognising and/or rewarding effort., Avail of opportunities to undertake further study that includes a research component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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20. Prevalence of awareness, ever‐use and current use of nicotine vaping products (NVPs) among adult current smokers and ex‐smokers in 14 countries with differing regulations on sales and marketing of NVPs: cross‐sectional findings from the ITC Project
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Gravely, Shannon, Driezen, Pete, Ouimet, Janine, Quah, Anne C. K., Cummings, K. Michael, Thompson, Mary E., Boudreau, Christian, Hammond, David, McNeill, Ann, Borland, Ron, Thrasher, James F., Edwards, Richard, Omar, Maizurah, Hitchman, Sara C., Yong, Hua‐Hie, Barrientos‐Gutierrez, Tonatiuh, Willemsen, Marc C., Bianco, Eduardo, Boado, Marcelo, and Goma, Fastone Mathew
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ELECTRONIC cigarettes ,AWARENESS ,CIGARETTE smokers ,EX-smokers ,SALES policy ,NICOTINE ,MARKETING laws ,HEALTH ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SMOKING ,SURVEYS ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,DISEASE prevalence ,CROSS-sectional method ,HEALTH literacy ,MIDDLE-income countries ,LOW-income countries ,LAW - Abstract
Aims: This paper presents updated prevalence estimates of awareness, ever‐use, and current use of nicotine vaping products (NVPs) from 14 International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC Project) countries that have varying regulations governing NVP sales and marketing. Design, Setting, Participants and Measurements: A cross‐sectional analysis of adult (≥ 18 years) current smokers and ex‐smokers from 14 countries participating in the ITC Project. Data from the most recent survey questionnaire for each country were included, which spanned the period 2013–17. Countries were categorized into four groups based on regulations governing NVP sales and marketing (allowable or not), and level of enforcement (strict or weak where NVPs are not permitted to be sold): (1) most restrictive policies (MRPs), not legal to be sold or marketed with strict enforcement: Australia, Brazil, Uruguay; (2) restrictive policies (RPs), not approved for sale or marketing with weak enforcement: Canada, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand; (3) less restrictive policies (LRPs), legal to be sold and marketed with regulations: England, the Netherlands, Republic of Korea, United States; and (4) no regulatory policies (NRPs), Bangladesh, China, Zambia. Countries were also grouped by World Bank Income Classifications. Country‐specific weighted logistic regression models estimated adjusted NVP prevalence estimates for: awareness, ever/current use, and frequency of use (daily versus non‐daily). Findings NVP awareness and use were lowest in NRP countries. Generally, ever‐ and current use of NVPs were lower in MRP countries (ever‐use = 7.1–48.9%; current use = 0.3–3.5%) relative to LRP countries (ever‐use = 38.9–66.6%; current use = 5.5–17.2%) and RP countries (ever‐use = 10.0–62.4%; current use = 1.4–15.5%). NVP use was highest among high‐income countries, followed by upper–middle‐income countries, and then by lower–middle‐income countries. Conclusions: With a few exceptions, awareness and use of nicotine vaping products varied by the strength of national regulations governing nicotine vaping product sales/marketing, and by country income. In countries with no regulatory policies, use rates were very low, suggesting that there was little availability, marketing and/or interest in nicotine vaping products in these countries where smoking populations are predominantly poorer. The higher awareness and use of nicotine vaping products in high income countries with moderately (e.g. Canada, New Zealand) and less (e.g. England, United States) restrictive policies, is likely due to the greater availability and affordability of nicotine vaping products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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21. Deriving health utilities from the MacNew Heart Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire.
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Chen, Gang, McKie, John, Khan, Munir A., and Richardson, Jeff R.
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CORONARY heart disease treatment ,QUALITY of life ,ALGORITHMS ,STATISTICAL correlation ,GOODNESS-of-fit tests ,NONPARAMETRIC statistics ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,REGRESSION analysis ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,STATISTICS ,SURVEYS ,VISUAL analog scale ,INTER-observer reliability ,DATA analysis software ,MANN Whitney U Test ,KRUSKAL-Wallis Test - Abstract
Introduction: Quality of life is included in the economic evaluation of health services by measuring the preference for health states, i.e. health state utilities. However, most intervention studies include a disease-specific, not a utility, instrument. Consequently, there has been increasing use of statistical mapping algorithms which permit utilities to be estimated from a disease-specific instrument. The present paper provides such algorithms between the MacNew Heart Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (MacNew) instrument and six multi-attribute utility (MAU) instruments, the Euroqol (EQ-5D), the Short Form 6D (SF-6D), the Health Utilities Index (HUI) 3, the Quality of Wellbeing (QWB), the 15D (15 Dimension) and the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL-8D). Methods: Heart disease patients and members of the healthy public were recruited from six countries. Non-parametric rank tests were used to compare subgroup utilities and MacNew scores. Mapping algorithms were estimated using three separate statistical techniques. Results: Mapping algorithms achieved a high degree of precision. Based on the mean absolute error and the intra class correlation the preferred mapping is MacNew into SF-6D or 15D. Using the R squared statistic the preferred mapping is MacNew into AQoL-8D. Implications for research: The algorithms reported in this paper enable MacNew data to be mapped into utilities predicted from any of six instruments. This permits studies which have included the MacNew to be used in cost utility analyses which, in turn, allows the comparison of services with interventions across the health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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22. Successful work-integrated learning relationships: A framework for sustainability.
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FLEMING, JENNY, MCLACHLAN, KATHRYN, and PRETTI, T. JUDENE
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ACTION research ,COMMITMENT (Psychology) ,COMMUNICATION ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,EXPERIENCE ,INTERNSHIP programs ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,PUBLIC relations ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,STUDENTS ,TRUST ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,INSTITUTIONAL cooperation ,ORGANIZATIONAL goals ,UNDERGRADUATES ,STAKEHOLDER analysis - Abstract
Work-integrated learning (WIL) experiences rely heavily on the development of relationships between the university, industry and often community organizations. As participation in WIL is increasing, the issue of sustainability becomes paramount, requiring processes and practices for effective collaborations and partnerships. This paper reports on an action research project to develop a framework to represent the critical success factors for sustainable WIL relationships. Drawing on reflections from WIL practitioners on what they considered were the critical success factors and a review of literature, a framework was developed, prioritizing three key themes: communication, commitment and compatibility. Within these themes, nine key factors were identified and then evaluated by academic and industry stakeholders in New Zealand, Canada and Australia. Trust, expectations, reciprocity, coordination, vision, learning, resources, reputation, and recognition were confirmed as important factors for sustainable WIL relationships. The framework provides good practice guidelines for all WIL stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
23. Social Interaction Profiles Among Youth with Intellectual Disabilities: Associations with Indicators of Psychosocial Adjustment.
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Dubé, Céleste, Morin, Alexandre J.S., Tóth-Király, István, Olivier, Elizabeth, Tracey, Danielle, McCune, Victoria Smodis, Craven, Rhonda G., and Maïano, Christophe
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MOTHERS ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SELF-perception ,CROSS-sectional method ,MAINSTREAMING in special education ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,SOCIAL skills ,AGGRESSION (Psychology) ,INTELLECTUAL disabilities ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
This study investigates the nature of the social interaction profiles observed among youth with intellectual disabilities (ID), defined while considering their relationships with their parents, peers, and teachers, as well as the implication of these profiles for self-esteem, aggressive behaviors, and prosocial behaviors. A sample of 393 youth with mild (48.2%) to moderate (51.8%) levels of ID, aged between 11 and 22 (M = 15.70), was recruited in Canada (n = 141) and Australia (n = 253). Our results revealed four profiles, corresponding to Socially Isolated (23.24%), Socially Integrated (39.83%), Socially Rejected (28.37%) and Socially Connected (8.57%) youth with ID. The socially integrated and connected profiles both presented higher self-esteem, more prosocial behaviors, and less aggressive behaviors than the socially isolated and rejected profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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24. An exploratory international study into occupational therapy students' perceptions of professional identity.
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Ashby, Samantha E., Adler, Jessica, and Herbert, Lisa
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CHI-squared test ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CURRICULUM ,FIELDWORK (Educational method) ,SENSORY perception ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,SOCIALIZATION ,SURVEYS ,CLINICAL competence ,JUDGMENT sampling ,PROFESSIONAL identity ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,KRUSKAL-Wallis Test ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy students ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Background/aim The successful development and maintenance of professional identity is associated with professional development and retention in the health workforce. This paper explores students' perspectives on the ways pre-entry experiences and curricula content shape professional identity. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was sent to students enrolled in the final year of entry-level programmes in five countries. Descriptive statistical analyses of data were completed. Results The results reflect the perceptions of 319 respondents from five countries. Respondents identified professional education (98%) and professional socialisation during placement (92%) as curricula components with the greatest influence on professional identity formation. Discipline-specific knowledge such as, occupation-focussed models and occupational science were ranked lower than these aspects of practice. The students' length of programme and level of entry-level programme did not impact on these results. Conclusion When designing curricula educators need to be mindful that students perceive practice education and professional socialisation have the greatest affect on professional identity formation. The findings reinforce the need for curricula to provide students with a range of practice experiences, which allow the observation and application of occupation-based practices. It highlights a need for educators to provide university-based curricula activities, which better prepare students for a potential dissonance between explicit occupation-based curricula and observed practice education experiences. The study indicates the need for further research into the role curricula content, and in particular practice education, plays in the multidimensional formation of professional development within entry-level programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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25. Patterns of cognitive dissonance-reducing beliefs among smokers: a longitudinal analysis from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey.
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Fotuhi, Omid, Fong, Geoffrey T., Zanna, Mark P., Borland, Ron, Yong, Hua-Hie, and Cummings, K. Michael
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COGNITIVE dissonance ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,CONSUMER attitudes ,HEALTH attitudes ,LONGITUDINAL method ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SMOKING ,SMOKING cessation ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
The article discusses a survey on smokers that assessed if the relationship between beliefs and smoking behaviors was in consistent with Cognitive Dissonance Theory. It included adult smokers from Canada, U.S., Great Britain and Australia. The findings revealed that smokers with no intetion of quitting across the three waves, were inclined towards the highest levels of rationalizations for smoking. It suggests studies to determine if the change in beliefs has any effect on intentions to quit.
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- 2013
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26. An action-oriented public health framework to reduce financial strain and promote financial wellbeing in high-income countries.
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Nykiforuk, Candace I. J., Belon, Ana Paula, de Leeuw, Evelyne, Harris, Patrick, Allen-Scott, Lisa, Atkey, Kayla, Glenn, Nicole M., Hyshka, Elaine, Jaques, Karla, Kongats, Krystyna, Montesanti, Stephanie, Nieuwendyk, Laura M., Pabayo, Roman, Springett, Jane, and Yashadhana, Aryati
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WELL-being ,CULTURE ,DEVELOPED countries ,NONPROFIT organizations ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,PUBLIC health ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,HUMAN services programs ,OFFICE politics ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,FINANCIAL stress ,INTELLECT ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,INTERSECTIONALITY ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,QUALITY of life ,FINANCIAL management ,HEALTH equity ,ADULT education workshops ,CORPORATE culture - Abstract
Background: Perceived financial security impacts physical, mental, and social health and overall wellbeing at community and population levels. Public health action on this dynamic is even more critical now that the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated financial strain and reduced financial wellbeing. Yet, public health literature on this topic is limited. Initiatives targeting financial strain and financial wellbeing and their deterministic effects on equity in health and living conditions are missing. Our research-practice collaborative project addresses this gap in knowledge and intervention through an action-oriented public health framework for initiatives targeting financial strain and wellbeing. Methods: The Framework was developed using a multi-step methodology that involved review of theoretical and empirical evidence alongside input from a panel of experts from Australia and Canada. In an integrated knowledge translation approach, academics (n = 14) and a diverse group of experts from government and non-profit sectors (n = 22) were engaged throughout the project via workshops, one-on-one dialogues, and questionnaires. Results: The validated Framework provides organizations and governments with guidance for the design, implementation, and assessment of diverse financial wellbeing- and financial strain-related initiatives. It presents 17 priority actionable areas (i.e., entry points for action) likely to have long-lasting, positive effects on people's financial circumstances, contributing to improved financial wellbeing and health. The 17 entry points relate to five domains: Government (All Levels), Organizational & Political Culture, Socioeconomic & Political Context, Social & Cultural Circumstances, and Life Circumstances. Conclusions: The Framework reveals the intersectionality of root causes and consequences of financial strain and poor financial wellbeing, while also reinforcing the need for tailored actions to promote socioeconomic and health equity for all people. The dynamic, systemic interplay of the entry points illustrated in the Framework suggest opportunities for multi-sectoral, collaborative action across government and organizations towards systems change and the prevention of unintended negative impacts of initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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27. Current Practices, Experiences, and Views in Clinical Hypnosis: Findings of an International Survey.
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Palsson, Olafur S., Kekecs, Zoltan, De Benedittis, Giuseppe, Moss, Donald, Elkins, Gary R., Terhune, Devin B., Varga, Katalin, Shenefelt, Philip D., and Whorwell, Peter J.
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PROFESSIONAL practice ,SOCIAL workers ,SOCIAL media ,HYPNOTISM ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,VIDEOCONFERENCING ,EXPERIENCE ,ATTITUDES toward illness ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,DATA analysis software ,NEWSLETTERS ,PHYSICIANS ,EMAIL - Abstract
An online survey of 691 clinicians who use hypnosis was conducted in 31 countries to gain a broad real-world picture of current practices, views, and experiences in clinical hypnosis. Among 36 common clinical uses, stress reduction, wellbeing and self-esteem-enhancement, surgery preparations, anxiety interventions, mindfulness facilitation, and labor and childbirth applications were the most frequently rated as highly effective (each by ≥70% of raters) in the clinicians' own experience. Adverse hypnosis-associated effects had been encountered by 55% of clinicians but were generally short-lived and very rarely judged as serious. The most common hypnosis approaches used were Ericksonian (71%), hypnotic relaxation therapy (55%), and traditional hypnosis (50%). Almost all respondents reported regularly using other therapeutic modalities alongside hypnosis. Among a range of client variables potentially affecting therapy, most clinicians rated hypnotist-client rapport (88%) and client motivation (75%) as very or extremely important factors for successful hypnotherapy. The majority of respondents had conducted hypnosis treatment via teletherapy, and 54% of those estimated it to be as effective as in-person treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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28. Understanding individual differences: factors affecting secure computer behaviour.
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Hull, Matthew, Zhang-Kennedy, Leah, Baig, Khadija, and Chiasson, Sonia
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HOME environment ,RISK-taking behavior ,KRUSKAL-Wallis Test ,STATISTICS ,COMPUTERS ,CONFIDENCE ,ATTITUDES toward computers ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,CONSUMER attitudes ,MANN Whitney U Test ,SELF-efficacy ,SEX distribution ,DATA security ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,SOCIAL skills ,DATA analysis ,COMPUTER literacy - Abstract
Understanding users' individual differences may provide clues to help identify computer users who are prone to act insecurely. We examine factors that impact home users' reported computer security behaviour. We conducted two online surveys with a total of 650 participants to investigate the relationship between self-reported security behaviour and users' knowledge, motivation, confidence, risk propensity and sex-typed characteristics. We found that all of these factors impacted security behaviour, with knowledge as the most important predictor. We further show that a user's affinity to feminine or masculine characteristics is a better determinant of security behaviour than using binary male/female descriptors. Our study enabled us to confirm earlier results in the literature in a non-organisational setting, and to extend the literature by studying additional factors and by comparing the relative importance of each factor as a predictor of security behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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29. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Professional Identity of Massage Therapists: The Reporting of a Quantitative Strand of a Mixed-Methods Study.
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Fogarty, Sarah, Hay, Phillipa, Calleri, Felicia, Fiddes, Lisa, Barnett, Rebecca, and Baskwill, Amanda
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PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,MASSAGE therapists ,MASSAGE therapy ,RESEARCH methodology ,SOCIAL media ,QUALITATIVE research ,PROFESSIONAL identity ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,CHI-squared test ,DECISION making ,AUTONOMY (Psychology) ,STATISTICAL sampling ,DATA analysis software ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Introduction: In late 2019, a pathogen outbreak occurred that rapidly spread, resulting in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. Governments responded to the pandemic with a range of strategies, including forced quarantines and nationwide lockdowns. Research on professional identity during the pandemic has predominately focused on health care providers declared as ''essential'' rather than ''nonessential.'' In this study, the authors examine the impacts on the professional identity of massage therapists (MTs) who were predominately deemed as nonessential health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: An online, questionnaire-based study sought to answer ''In what ways has the professional identity of MTs in Canada and Australia been impacted by the COVID-19 global pandemic?'' MTs in Canada and Australia were recruited using convenience sampling through e-mail and social media. A questionnaire was developed and pilot tested before implementation. Results: Six hundred and forty-nine MTs participated (329 from Canada and 316 from Australia). Known constructs of professional identity that were affected during the pandemic included not feeling respected as a health care practitioner, feeling less professional than other health care providers, and experiencing burnout. New constructs that may have developed out of the pandemic and the measures established to manage them included being classified as nonessential and feeling a sense of camaraderie and belonging. Conclusions: This study is the first of its kind to report the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the professional identity of MTs. The emerging constructs reported will be used to create interview questions for the subsequent qualitative strand of this explanatory mixed-methods study. In the qualitative study, respondents will be invited to share their experiences with their own voice to further the understanding of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on MTs' professional identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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30. How Do Patients Define Satisfaction? The Role of Patient Perceptions of Their Participation and Health Provider Emotional Expression.
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Baker, Susan C., Watson, Bernadette M., Jamieson, Barbara, and Jamieson, Raymond
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PATIENT satisfaction ,PATIENT participation ,EMOTIONS ,PHYSICIAN-patient relations ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,PATIENT-centered communication ,EMPATHY ,COMMUNICATIVE competence ,PATIENT-centered care ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,PATIENT-professional relations - Abstract
Patient satisfaction is important to patient outcomes. Previous attempts to conceptualize satisfaction have often taken an atheoretical approach and focused on doctors' communication skills. Patients are becoming more active health consumers involved in their health care and current definitions of patient satisfaction may not accurately reflect patient expectations about their health consultations. Earlier research found that meeting patients' emotional needs - through empathy and patient-centered communication - is important to patient satisfaction. New research is needed to explore how those needs can be met given the changing trend in patient behaviors and the focus on patient-centredness. This study employed two communication theories - the Willingness to Communicate Model and Communication Accommodation Theory - to consider both patients' communicative decisions, and the intergroup features of the health context that can influence communicative behaviors. Two hundred and fiftythree patients from health clinics in Canada and Australia described what satisfaction meant to them, and identified what aspects of their health consultation were satisfying (or not), and we investigated their perceptions of doctor's emotional expression. Results suggest that patient perceptions of their participation in the consultation predicts their perceptions of doctor emotional expression, and their satisfaction with the consultation. Patients want both emotional and medical needs met in an environment that balances interpersonal and intergroup communication. Our findings suggest the need to expand current definitions of patient satisfaction, patient-centredness and emotional expression. We discuss the implications of these findings for health practitioners and consider future research that addresses the need for more individualized health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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31. Promoting cessation resources through cigarette package warning labels: a longitudinal survey with adult smokers in Canada, Australia and Mexico.
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Thrasher, James F., Osman, Amira, Moodie, Crawford, Hammond, David, Bansal-Travers, Maansi, Cummings, K. Michael, Borland, Ron, Hua-Hie Yong, and Hardin, James
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HEALTH promotion ,CHI-squared test ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,INTELLECT ,LABELS ,LONGITUDINAL method ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,SMOKING cessation ,TOBACCO ,INFORMATION resources ,JUDGMENT sampling ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Introduction Health warning labels (HWLs) on tobacco packaging can be used to provide smoking cessation information, but the impact of this information is not well understood. Methods Online consumer panels of adult smokers from Canada, Australia and Mexico were surveyed in September 2012, January 2013 and May 2013; replenishment was used to maintain sample sizes of 1000 participants in each country at each wave. Country-stratified logistic Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) models were estimated to assess correlates of citing HWLs as a source of information on quitlines and cessation websites. GEE models also regressed having called the quitline, and having visited a cessation website, on awareness of these resources because of HWLs. Results At baseline, citing HWLs as a source of information about quitlines was highest in Canada, followed by Australia and Mexico (33%, 19% and 16%, respectively). Significant increases over time were only evident in Australia and Mexico. In all countries, citing HWLs as a source of quitline information was significantly associated with self-report of having called a quitline. At baseline, citing HWLs as a source of information about cessation websites was higher in Canada than in Australia (14% and 6%, respectively; Mexico was excluded because HWLs do not include website information), but no significant changes over time were found for either country. Citing HWLs as a source of information about cessation websites was significantly associated with having visited a website in both Canada and Australia. Conclusions HWLs are an important source of cessation information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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32. METHODS - A randomised controlled trial of METhotrexate to treat Hand Osteoarthritis with Synovitis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
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Wang, Yuanyuan, Teichtahl, Andrew J., Jones, Graeme, Keen, Helen I., Hill, Catherine L., Wluka, Anita E., Kasza, Jessica, and Cicuttini, Flavia M.
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SYNOVITIS ,HAND osteoarthritis ,OSTEOARTHRITIS ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,RESEARCH protocols ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,METHOTREXATE ,RESEARCH ,CLINICAL trials ,HEALTH surveys ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,BLIND experiment ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Background: Hand osteoarthritis is a common and disabling problem without effective therapies. Accumulating evidence suggests the role of local inflammation in causing pain and structural progression in hand osteoarthritis, and hand osteoarthritis with synovitis is a commonly encountered clinical phenotype. Methotrexate is a well-established, low-cost, and effective treatment for inflammatory arthritis with a well-described safety profile. The aim of this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is to determine whether methotrexate reduces pain over 6 months in patients with hand osteoarthritis and synovitis.Methods: Ninety-six participants with hand osteoarthritis and synovitis will be recruited through the Osteoarthritis Clinical Trial Network (Melbourne, Hobart, Adelaide, and Perth), and randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either methotrexate 20 mg or identical placebo once weekly for 6 months. The primary outcome is pain reduction (assessed by 100 mm visual analogue scale) at 6 months. The secondary outcomes include changes in physical function and quality of life assessed using Functional Index for Hand Osteoarthritis, Australian Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index, Health Assessment Questionnaire, Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, Short-Form-36, tender and swollen joint count, and grip strength, and structural progression assessed using progression of synovitis and bone marrow lesions from magnetic resonance imaging and radiographic progression at 6 months. Adverse events will be recorded. The primary analysis will be by intention to treat, including all participants in their randomised groups.Discussion: This study will provide high-quality evidence to address whether methotrexate has an effect on reducing pain over 6 months in patients with hand osteoarthritis and synovitis, with major clinical and public health importance. While a positive trial will inform international clinical practice guidelines for the management of hand osteoarthritis, a negative trial would be highly topical and change current trends in clinical practice.Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12617000877381. Registered 15 June 2017, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373124. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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33. The impact on functioning of second-generation antipsychotic medication side effects for patients with schizophrenia: a worldwide, cross-sectional, web-based survey.
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Tandon, Rajiv, Lenderking, William R., Weiss, Catherine, Shalhoub, Huda, Barbosa, Carla Dias, Chen, Jun, Greene, Mallik, Meehan, Stine R., Duvold, Laëtitia Bouérat, Arango, Celso, Agid, Ofer, and Castle, David
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DRUG therapy for schizophrenia ,ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents ,DIZZINESS ,DRUG toxicity ,FRUSTRATION ,INTERNET ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,PSYCHOMOTOR disorders ,PSYCHOTHERAPY patients ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SATISFACTION ,HUMAN sexuality ,SEX distribution ,SLEEP disorders ,SURVEYS ,SYNCOPE ,WEIGHT gain ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DISEASE prevalence ,CROSS-sectional method ,XEROSTOMIA - Abstract
Background: It is well established that the different antipsychotics used for schizophrenia symptoms differ substantially in their side effects. However, relatively little is known about the impact of these side effects on functioning from the patient's perspective. We aimed to understand how key side effects of second-generation antipsychotics impact the functioning and quality of life (QoL) of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, web-based survey of patient-reported side effect burden of antipsychotic drugs in adults with schizophrenia. The survey was deployed in the United States, Canada, Australia, Spain, Italy, Norway, and Denmark. It included sociodemographic and clinical questions, the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF), and the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-Effect Scale (GASS). Eight pre-defined key side effects classified as activating ("Shaky hands or arms," "Restlessness," and "Difficulty sleeping"), sedating ("Sleepy during the day", "Feeling drugged or like a zombie," and "Feeling dizzy/Fainted") or other side effects ("Problems enjoying sex" and "Gaining weight"), and additional questions related to impacts on function and quality of life were asked. Results: In total, 435 participants (mean age: 38 years, 53.8% female) were included. The total Q-LES-Q-SF score indicated overall medium satisfaction with their quality of life (score of 44.3; possible range 14–70). The most prevalent side effects were "Sleepy during the day" (83.2%), "Difficulty sleeping" (74.7%), "Dry mouth" (63.9%), "Problems enjoying sex" (53.4%) and "Gaining weight" (52.4%). Women reported the side effects of "Sleepy during the day", "Problems enjoying sex" and "Gaining weight" more frequently than men. Key side effects impacted physical, social, occupational and psychological aspects of functioning. Patients with key side effects often felt frustrated by their experiences. Total Q-LES-Q-SF score showed a significant inverse correlation with the score of pre-defined groups of side effects indicating worse QoL in association with more severe key side effects in these patients. Conclusion: Stable patients with schizophrenia taking second-generation antipsychotics live with many side effects, including activating and sedating side effects, sexual side effects, and weight gain. Presence of these side effects is associated with substantial impacts across all aspects of daily functioning and lower quality of life and satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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34. Effect of Multiple Sclerosis on Daily Activities, Emotional Well-being, and Relationships: The Global vsMS Survey.
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Bass, Ann D., Van Wijmeersch, Bart, Mayer, Lori, Mäurer, Mathias, Boster, Aaron, Mandel, Matt, Mitchell, Colin, Sharrock, Kersten, and Singer, Barry
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PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,COGNITION disorders ,EMOTIONS ,EMPLOYMENT ,POSTURAL balance ,FATIGUE (Physiology) ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,LIFE skills ,MEMORY disorders ,MULTIPLE sclerosis ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SELF-perception ,SLEEP disorders ,TACTILE agnosia ,ACTIVITIES of daily living ,WELL-being ,SENSORY disorders ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Background: The vsMS survey was conducted to better understand the negative effects of fatigue, cognitive impairment, emotional burden, and decreased physical functioning on the personal, professional, and social lives of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: The vsMS survey was an online survey conducted in Australia, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States that assessed the impact of MS on individuals' daily activities, emotional well-being, relationships, and employment. Results: The survey included 1075 participants with relapsing-remitting MS. Almost 42% of participants reported that their ability to perform and manage daily activities had worsened during the previous 2 years. More than 50% reported limitations in daily activities due to fatigue, physical weakness, problems with balance/coordination, heat/cold sensitivity, memory problems, numbness/tingling, trouble concentrating, impaired movement/muscle stiffness, and impaired sleeping. Participants also reported a negative effect on emotional and social factors, including self-esteem, general outlook, well-being, maintaining/ starting relationships, ability to progress in their career/keep their job, and ability to cope with life roles. Conclusions: These data highlight the importance of addressing the impact of MS and the social and emotional disease burdens on daily activities when planning the care of patients with MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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35. The developmental and professional activities of female international soccer players from five high-performing nations.
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Ford, Paul R., Hodges, Nicola J., Broadbent, David, O'Connor, Donna, Scott, Dawn, Datson, Naomi, Andersson, Helena A., and Williams, A. Mark
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ABILITY ,ATHLETIC ability ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SOCCER ,TRAINING ,SCOUTING (Athletics) - Abstract
We study the developmental and professional activities engaged in by 86 female adult soccer players from the senior national teams of Australia, Canada, England, Sweden, and the United States of America. Players completed the Participation History Questionnaire (PHQ) to elicit the amount and type of activities engaged in across their developmental and professional years, including milestones, soccer-specific activity and engagement in other sport activity. Greater specialisation than diversification characterised their childhood developmental activities, including all players starting in soccer in childhood and accumulating more hours in soccer activity than other sports during this period. However, interindividual variation further characterised these childhood activities, with a proportion of players diversifying into other sports and/or soccer play to a greater or lesser degree during childhood when compared to the other players. The amount of coach-led soccer practice increased for all players across their development culminating in an average of 15–16 h/wk across a 40-week season in early adulthood. In contrast, the amount of engagement in other sports and soccer peer-led play varied between players but generally decreased across adolescence to negligible amounts in late adolescence. Findings are commensurate with the deliberate practice framework and early engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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36. Competence and confidence in rural and remote nursing practice: A structural equation modelling analysis of national data.
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Penz, Kelly L., Stewart, Norma J., Karunanayake, Chandima P., Kosteniuk, Julie G., and MacLeod, Martha L. P.
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STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,WELL-being ,STATISTICAL power analysis ,WORK environment ,CONFIDENCE ,NURSING ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MATHEMATICAL models ,RURAL nursing ,GOODNESS-of-fit tests ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,T-test (Statistics) ,JOB involvement ,THEORY ,RESEARCH funding ,NURSES ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DECISION making in clinical medicine ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress - Abstract
Aims and objectives: To empirically test a conceptual model of confidence and competence in rural and remote nursing practice. Background: The levels of competence and confidence of nurses practising in rural settings have been highlighted as essential to the quality of health outcomes for rural peoples. However, there is limited research exploring these constructs in the context of rural/remote nursing practice. Design: Structural equation modelling was used to verify the conceptual model with data from the cross‐sectional pan‐Canadian Nursing Practice in Rural and Remote Canada II Survey. The STROBE guidelines for cross‐sectional research were followed in the design/reporting of this analysis. The sample consisted of 2,065 registered nurses and nurse practitioners who were working in direct rural/remote nursing practice. Results: The maximum likelihood ratio χ2 = 0.0822, df = 2, p = 0.959 indicated model fit, with final model estimates explaining 53% of the variance in work confidence and 17% of the variance in work competence. The model also accounted for 40% of the variance in work engagement, 39% of the variance in burnout and 15% of the variance in perceived stress. The complexity of competence and confidence in rural nursing practice was evident, being influenced by nursing experience in rural settings, rural work environment characteristics, community factors and indicators of professional well‐being. Conclusions: The factors influencing nurses' competence and confidence in rural/remote nursing practice are more complex than previously understood. Our model, created and tested using structural equation modelling, merits further research, to extend our understanding of how nurses can be prepared and supported for practice in rural and remote settings. Relevance to clinical practice: This study highlights the importance of supporting new nurses' exposure to rural nursing experiences, reducing professional isolation and improving decision‐making support for those who are working at a greater distance from colleagues and/or those with fewer opportunities for interprofessional collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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37. The International Parenting Survey: Rationale, Development, and Potential Applications.
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Morawska, Alina, Filus, Ania, Haslam, Divna, and Sanders, Matthew R.
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CHILD development ,CHILD behavior ,TEST validity ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,RESEARCH methodology ,PARENT-child relationships ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH evaluation ,SELF-efficacy ,SURVEYS ,PARENT attitudes ,PARENTING education - Abstract
The quality of parent-child interactions and family relationships has a powerful influence on children's development and well-being. The International Parenting Survey (IPS) is a brief, web-based survey developed to provide a cross-national, community-level, population snapshot of the experiences of parents related to raising children. The IPS was developed as a planning tool to assist policy makers and community agencies plan, implement, and evaluate parenting programs and as a tracking tool to evaluate parenting support programs in different countries. We report the preliminary psychometric properties of the IPS on various domains of measurement in an international sample of over 9,000 parents. Moderate to high reliabilities were obtained for all domains of measurement. High internal consistency reliabilities (α = .88-.97) were obtained for the domains of children's behavior and emotional maladjustment, for parental self-efficacy, parental distress and parental beliefs. Moderate levels of reliabilities (α = .52-.83) were obtained for domains of parental consistency, coercive parenting, positive encouragements, and parent-child relationships. Overall, the measure appears to have satisfactory reliability justifying further psychometric validation studies in population level studies of parenting. Examples of uses of the IPS are described and directions for future research and policy explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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38. Nursing students' understanding of the Fundamentals of Care: A cross‐sectional study in five countries.
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Jangland, Eva, Mirza, Noeman, Conroy, Tiffany, Merriman, Clair, Suzui, Emiko, Nishimura, Akiko, and Ewens, Ann
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ANALYSIS of variance ,CURRICULUM ,EDUCATION research ,HEALTH occupations students ,RESEARCH methodology ,CASE studies ,NURSING ,NURSING education ,NURSING schools ,NURSING students ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH evaluation ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,STATISTICS ,RATING of students ,SURVEYS ,DATA analysis ,INTER-observer reliability ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,INTRACLASS correlation - Abstract
Aim and objective: To explore the accuracy with which nursing students can identify the fundamentals of care. Background: A challenge facing nursing is ensuring the fundamentals of care are provided with compassion and in a timely manner. How students perceive the importance of the fundamentals of care may be influenced by the content and delivery of their nursing curriculum. As the fundamentals of care play a vital role in ensuring patient safety and quality care, it is important to examine how nursing students identify these care needs. Design: Cross‐sectional descriptive design. Methods: A total of 398 nursing students (pre‐ and postregistration) from universities in Sweden, England, Japan, Canada and Australia participated. The Fundamentals of Care Framework guided this study. A questionnaire containing three care scenarios was developed and validated. Study participants identified the fundamentals of care for each of the scenarios. All responses were rated and analysed using ANOVA. Results: The data illustrate certain fundamentals of care were identified more frequently, including communication and education; comfort and elimination, whilst respecting choice, privacy and dignity were less frequently identified. The ability to identify all the correct care needs was low overall across the pre‐ and postregistration nursing programmes in the five universities. Significant differences in the number of correctly identified care needs between some of the groups were identified. Conclusions: Nursing students are not correctly identifying all a patient's fundamental care needs when presented with different care scenarios. Students more frequently identifying physical care needs and less frequently psychosocial and relational needs. The findings suggest educators may need to emphasise and integrate all three dimensions. Relevance to clinical practice: To promote students' ability to identify the integrated nature of the fundamentals of care, practising clinicians and nurse educators need to role model and incorporate all the fundamental care needs for their patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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39. Strength of primary care service delivery: a comparative study of European countries, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada.
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Pavlič, Danica R., Sever, Maja, Klemenc-Ketiš, Zalika, Švab, Igor, Vainieri, Milena, Seghieri, Chiara, and Maksuti, Alem
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CONTINUUM of care ,STATISTICAL correlation ,HEALTH promotion ,MEDICAL care ,MEDICAL care costs ,PRIMARY health care ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Aim: We sought to examine strength of primary care service delivery as measured by selected process indicators by general practitioners from 31 European countries plus Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. We explored the relation between strength of service delivery and healthcare expenditures. Background: The strength of a country’s primary care is determined by the degree of development of a combination of core primary care dimensions in the context of its healthcare system. This study analyses the strength of service delivery in primary care as measured through process indicators in 31 European countries plus Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study design was applied using the QUALICOPC GP database. Data on the strength of primary healthcare were collected using a standardized GP questionnaire, which included 60 questions divided into 10 dimensions related to process, structure, and outcomes. A total of 6734 general practitioners participated. Data on healthcare expenditure were obtained from World Bank statistics. We conducted a correlation analysis to analyse the relationship between strength and healthcare expenditures. Findings: Our findings show that the strength of service delivery parameters is less than optimal in some countries, and there are substantial variations among countries. Continuity and comprehensiveness of care are significantly positively related to national healthcare expenditures; however, coordination of care is not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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40. Out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure and chronic disease -- do Australians forgo care because of the cost?
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Callander, Emily J., Corscadden, Lisa, and Levesque, Jean-Frederic
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MENTAL depression ,MENTAL health services ,MENTAL illness ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,CHRONIC diseases ,ASTHMA ,ANXIETY disorders ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,PULMONARY emphysema ,HEALTH services accessibility ,INTERVIEWING ,MEDICAL care costs ,HEALTH policy ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,REGRESSION analysis ,STATISTICAL sampling ,STATISTICS ,SURVEYS ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,SAMPLE size (Statistics) ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,CROSS-sectional method ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Although we do know that out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure is relatively high in Australia, little is known about what health conditions are associated with the highest out-of-pocket expenditure, and whether the cost of healthcare acts as a barrier to care for people with different chronic conditions. Cross-sectional analysis using linear and logistic regression models applied to the Commonwealth Fund international health policy survey of adults aged 18 years and over was conducted in 2013. Adults with asthma, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had 109% higher household out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure than did those with no health condition (95% CI: 50-193%); and adults with depression, anxiety and other mental health conditions had 95% higher household out-of-pocket expenditure (95% CI: 33-187%). People with a chronic condition were also more likely to forego care because of cost. People with depression, anxiety and other mental health conditions had 7.65 times higher odds of skipping healthcare (95% CI: 4.13-14.20), and people with asthma, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had 6.16 times higher odds of skipping healthcare (95% CI: 3.30-11.50) than did people with no health condition. People with chronic health conditions in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland were all significantly less likely to skip healthcare because of cost than were people with a condition in Australia. The out-of-pocket cost of healthcare in Australia acts as a barrier to accessing treatment for people with chronic health conditions, with people with mental health conditions being likely to skip care. Attention should be given to the accessibility and affordability of mental health services in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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41. Dimensions of stereotypical attitudes among older adults: Analysis of two countries.
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Helmes, Edward and Pachana, Nancy A
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COMPARATIVE studies ,FACTOR analysis ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,REGRESSION analysis ,STEREOTYPES ,ATTITUDES toward aging ,OLD age - Abstract
Aim Much research on attitudes towards older adults has used younger adults as participants and identified a range of negative attitudes towards older persons. Comparatively little literature has explored the attitudes of older adults themselves towards their own age cohort. Methods The present study explicitly compared attitudes towards other older adults from samples of 195 older adults in Australia and 172 older Canadians. Attitudinal measures included the Aging Attitudes Questionnaire (assesses older adults' attitudes toward other older adults), Fraboni Scale of Ageism (assesses younger adults' attitudes toward older adults) and the Reactions to Aging Questionnaire (assesses attitudes toward one's own aging), as well as a scale measuring knowledge of aging, the Facts on Aging Quiz, adapted for Australia and Canada. Responses on the three attitudinal measures were subjected to principal components analysis. Results Two components emerged in both samples, one defined by the Reactions to Aging Questionnaire and Aging Attitudes Questionnaire scales and the second by the Fraboni Scale of Ageism scales. Regression analyses to ascertain prediction of scores on the Facts on Aging Quiz, adapted for Australia and Facts on Aging Quiz, adapted for Canada showed that only the Aging Attitudes Questionnaire scale for Physical Changes predicted scores on the Facts on Aging Quiz, adapted for Australia and no attitudes predicted Facts on Aging Quiz, adapted for Canada scores. Conclusions It appears that older adults distinguish between their own aging and aging in others. Knowledge of aging appears to be predicted only by attitudes toward physical changes. Given increasing proportions of older adults in the population, as well as increasing access to aging information available to older cohorts, continued research on how older adults view themselves and the aging process is important, and will almost certainly continue to evolve over time. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 1226-1230. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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42. Biopsychosocial predictors of coping strategies of patients postmyocardial infarction.
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Son, Heesook, Friedmann, Erika, Thomas, Sue A, and Son, Youn‐Jung
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PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,AGE distribution ,ANXIETY ,CHI-squared test ,CONVALESCENCE ,STATISTICAL correlation ,MENTAL depression ,EMPLOYMENT ,CARDIAC patients ,MARITAL status ,MATHEMATICAL models ,RESEARCH methodology ,MYOCARDIAL infarction ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,REGRESSION analysis ,RESEARCH funding ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,SEX distribution ,THEORY ,FAMILY relations ,SECONDARY analysis ,SOCIAL support ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Data from the Patients and Families Psychological Response to the Home Automated External Defibrillator Trial were used to examine the relationship between biopsychosocial variables and patients' coping strategies postmyocardial infarction. This study is the secondary data analysis of longitudinal observational study. A total of 460 patient-spouse pairs were recruited in January 2003 to October 2005. Hierarchical linear regression analysis examined biological/demographic, psychological and social variables regarding patients' coping scores using the Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale. Lower social support and social support satisfaction predicted lower total coping scores. Being younger, male gender and time since the myocardial infarction predicted lower positive coping strategy use. Higher anxiety and lower social support were related to fewer positive coping methods. Lower educational levels were related to increased use of negative coping strategies. Reduced social support predicted lower total coping scores and positive coping strategy use and greater passive coping style use. Social support from a broad network assisted with better coping; those living alone may need additional support. Social support and coping strategies should be taken into consideration for patients who have experienced a cardiac event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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43. The World at 7:00: Comparing the Experience of Situations Across 20 Countries.
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Guillaume, Esther, Baranski, Erica, Todd, Elysia, Bastian, Brock, Bronin, Igor, Ivanova, Christina, Cheng, Joey T., de Kock, François S., Denissen, Jaap J. A., Gallardo‐Pujol, David, Halama, Peter, Han, Gyuseog Q., Bae, Jaechang, Moon, Jungsoon, Hong, Ryan Y., Hřebíčková, Martina, Graf, Sylvie, Izdebski, Paweł, Lundmann, Lars, and Penke, Lars
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NIGHT ,DAY ,TIME ,TIME -- Psychological aspects ,CROSS-cultural studies ,BIOMECHANICS ,PERSONALITY ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SOCIAL skills ,ETHNOLOGY research - Abstract
The purpose of this research is to quantitatively compare everyday situational experience around the world. Local collaborators recruited 5,447 members of college communities in 20 countries, who provided data via a Web site in 14 languages. Using the 89 items of the Riverside Situational Q-sort (RSQ), participants described the situation they experienced the previous evening at 7:00 p.m. Correlations among the average situational profiles of each country ranged from r = .73 to r = .95; the typical situation was described as largely pleasant. Most similar were the United States/Canada; least similar were South Korea/Denmark. Japan had the most homogenous situational experience; South Korea, the least. The 15 RSQ items varying the most across countries described relatively negative aspects of situational experience; the 15 least varying items were more positive. Further analyses correlated RSQ items with national scores on six value dimensions, the Big Five traits, economic output, and population. Individualism, Neuroticism, Openness, and Gross Domestic Product yielded more significant correlations than expected by chance. Psychological research traditionally has paid more attention to the assessment of persons than of situations, a discrepancy that extends to cross-cultural psychology. The present study demonstrates how cultures vary in situational experience in psychologically meaningful ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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44. The impact of quitting smoking on depressive symptoms: findings from the International Tobacco Control Four-Country Survey.
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Cooper, Jae, Borland, Ron, Yong, Hua ‐ Hie, and Fotuhi, Omid
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SMOKING cessation ,MENTAL depression risk factors ,ETIOLOGY of mental depression ,TOBACCO use ,AGE differences ,CIGARETTE smokers ,PSYCHOLOGY ,DISEASE relapse ,CHI-squared test ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MENTAL depression ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SURVEYS ,TELEPHONES ,MATHEMATICAL variables ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,REPEATED measures design ,DISEASE prevalence ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Aims To determine whether abstinence or relapse on a quit attempt in the previous year is associated with current depressive symptoms. Design Prospective cohort with approximately annual waves. Mixed-effect logistic regressions tested whether time 2 (T2) quitting status was associated with reporting symptoms at T2, and whether time 1 (T1) symptoms moderated this relationship. Setting Waves 5-8 of the Four-Country International Tobacco Control Study: a quasi-experimental cohort study of smokers from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. Participants A total of 6978 smokers who participated in telephone surveys. Measurements T1 and T2 depressive symptoms in the last 4 weeks were assessed with two screening items from the PRIME-MD questionnaire. Quitting status at T2: (1) no attempt since T1; (2) attempted and relapsed; and (3) attempted and abstinent at T2. Findings Compared with no attempt, relapse was associated with reporting T2 symptoms [odds ratio (OR) = 1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.33, 1.59]). Associations between T2 quitting status and T2 symptoms were moderated by T1 symptoms. Relapse was associated positively with T2 symptoms for those without T1 symptoms (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.45, 2.03) and those with T1 symptoms (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.23, 1.70). Abstinence was associated positively for those without T1 symptoms (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.10, 1.71) and negatively for those with T1 symptoms (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.59, 0.94). Age moderated these associations significantly. Relapse did not predict T2 symptoms for those aged 18-39 irrespective of T1 symptoms. The negative effect of abstinence on T2 symptoms for those with T1 symptoms was significant only for those aged 18-39 (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.40, 0.94) and 40-55 (OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.40, 0.84). The positive effect of abstinence on T2 symptoms for those without T1 symptoms was significant only for those aged more than 55 (OR =1.97, 95% CI = 1.35, 2.87). Conclusions Most people who stop smoking appear to be at no greater risk of developing symptoms of depression than if they had continued smoking. However, people aged more than 55 who stop smoking may be at greater risk of developing symptoms of depression than if they had continued smoking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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45. The relationship between player losses and gambling-related harm: evidence from nationally representative cross-sectional surveys in four countries.
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Markham, Francis, Young, Martin, and Doran, Bruce
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GAMBLING debts ,HARM (Ethics) ,RISK-taking behavior ,GAMBLING ,RECREATION for adults ,SOUTH Oaks Gambling Screen (Test) ,COMPULSIVE gambling ,FINANCE ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MEDICAL cooperation ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,RESEARCH funding ,SECONDARY analysis ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background and Aims Flaws in previous studies mean that findings of J-shaped risk curves for gambling should be disregarded. The current study aims to estimate the shape of risk curves for gambling losses and risk of gambling-related harm (a) for total gambling losses and (b) disaggregated by gambling activity. Design Four cross-sectional surveys. Setting Nationally representative surveys of adults in Australia (1999), Canada (2000), Finland (2011) and Norway (2002). Participants A total of 10 632 Australian adults, 3120 Canadian adults, 4484 people aged 15-74 years in Finland and 5235 people aged 15-74 years in Norway. Measurements Problem gambling risk was measured using the modified South Oaks Gambling Screen, the NORC DSM Screen for Gambling Problems and the Problem Gambling Severity Index. Findings Risk curves for total gambling losses were estimated to be r-shaped in Australia {β losses = 4.7 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.8, 6.5], β losses
2 = -7.6 (95% CI = -17.5, -4.5)}, Canada [β losses = 2.0 (95% CI = 1.3, 3.9), β losses2 = -3.9 (95% CI = -15.4, -2.2)] and Finland [β losses = 3.6 (95% CI = 2.5, 7.5), β losses2 = -4.4 (95% CI = -34.9, -2.4)] and linear in Norway [β losses = 1.6 (95% CI = 0.6, 3.1), β losses2 = -2.6 (95% CI = -12.6, 1.4)]. Risk curves for different gambling activities showed either linear, r-shaped or non-significant relationships. Conclusions Player loss-risk curves for total gambling losses and for different gambling activities are likely to be linear or r-shaped. For total losses and electronic gaming machines, there is no evidence of a threshold below which increasing losses does not increase the risk of harm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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46. Non-Child-Related Family Stress, Parenting Styles, and Behavior Problems in School-Age Girls Adopted from China.
- Author
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Tan, Tony, Gelley, Cheryl, and Dedrick, Robert
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PSYCHOLOGY of adoptees ,BEHAVIOR disorders in children ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,PARENTING & psychology ,OVERSEAS Chinese ,PSYCHOLOGY of girls ,STRICT parenting ,ADOPTIVE parents ,AUTHORITY ,PSYCHOLOGY of adopted children ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MATHEMATICAL models ,PARENTING ,PARENTS ,PROBABILITY theory ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,SELF-evaluation ,SURVEYS ,T-test (Statistics) ,THEORY ,FAMILY relations ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Parenting has been conceptualized to mediate or moderate children's adaptation to family stress. Our study expanded the literature to determine, within the adoptive context, how non-child-related family stress (NCR-family stress; e.g., parent's problems at work) and parenting styles were related to internalizing and externalizing problems in school-age girls adopted from China. Using data from the third wave of a longitudinal study, 651 school-age girls were identified for the current analysis. On average, the girls were 9.3 years old ( SD = 2.7) and were adopted at 15.6 months ( SD = 13.8). Data on NCR-family stress, parenting styles and child behavior problems were collected from the adoptive mothers using the social problem questionnaire, parenting styles and dimensions questions, and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6-18), respectively. After controlling for age at adoption, age, the adoptive mother's education level, household income, and the girls' corresponding behavior problems from the second wave of data (2 years prior), we found that that the association between NCR-family stress and the adopted Chinese girls' internalizing problems and externalizing problems was mediated by authoritarian parenting and moderated by authoritative parenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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47. A reliability assessment of a direct-observation park evaluation tool: the parks, activity and recreation among kids (PARK) tool.
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Bird, Madeleine E., Datta, Geetanjali D., van Hulst, Andraea, Kestens, Yan, and Barnett, Tracie A.
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PARKS ,OUTDOOR recreation for children ,RECREATION research ,PREVENTION of obesity ,ECOLOGY ,EXERCISE ,FAMILIES ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RECREATION ,RESEARCH evaluation ,RESEARCH funding ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,RESEARCH bias - Abstract
Background: Parks are increasingly being viewed as a resource that may influence youth obesity and physical activity (PA). Assessing park quality can be challenging as few tools assess park characteristics geared towards youth PA. Additionally, no studies have compared reliability estimates of items assessed in different countries, hindering aims towards generalizable park audit items. Finally, new satellite imaging technology is allowing for desktop identification of parks, however it remains unclear how this compares to direct observation park identification. The purpose of this study is 1) to describe the development and reliability of a youth-oriented direct-observation park audit tool tested in Montreal, Canada, and; 2) to compare reliability estimates of items with those drawn from a tool previously tested in Perth, Australia, with those same items tested in Montreal, Canada.Methods: Items were drawn and adapted from two existing tools and 13 new items were newly developed for a total of 92 items. Parks were pre-identified using a GIS software and then verified and audited on-site by observers. A total of 576 parks were evaluated. Cohen's kappa and percent agreement were used to assess the inter- and intra-rater reliability of each item. Inter-rater reliabilities of 17 items drawn from a tool previously tested in Australia were compared.Results: Eighty-six percent of items had ≥ 75 % agreement and 83 % had kappa coefficients between 0.41 and 1. Among 40 test-retest episodes kappa agreement was relatively high (≥ 0.40) for all but four items. Percent agreement was excellent (≥ 75 % agreement) for all but eight items. Inter-rater reliability estimates of the 17 items tested in Montreal and Perth were of similar magnitude.Conclusions: The tool is generally reliable and can be used to assess park characteristics that may be associated with youth PA. The items tested in Montreal and Perth are likely generalizable to other urban environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
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48. Integrating psychological and cultural perspectives on virtue: The hierarchical structure of character strengths.
- Author
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McGrath, Robert E.
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CONTROL (Psychology) ,CARING ,CHARACTER ,STATISTICAL correlation ,COURAGE ,EMPATHY ,FACTOR analysis ,HAPPINESS ,INTELLECT ,LATENT structure analysis ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PERSONALITY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,QUALITATIVE research ,INTRACLASS correlation - Abstract
The VIA Classification characterizes six culturally defined virtues as latent variables underlying 24 character strengths. Factor analyses of measures based on the Classification usually suggest 4–5 factors that do not correspond well to traditional lists of virtues. This article describes the identification of a three-virtue model across multiple measures of strengths in four samples encompassing 1,070,549 cases. The general pattern involved a first component representing good character that split into two components reflecting Goodness and Inquisitiveness. The former divided further into components reflecting Caring and Self-Control. This pattern recurred in all data sets. The model consisting of Caring, Inquisitiveness, and Self-Control is proposed as a reliable latent structure for the VIA Classification strengths, an intuitive classification of traditional cultural virtues, and a framework for social efforts encouraging the development of virtue. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
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49. Building research initiative group: chronic illness management and adherence in transplantation ( BRIGHT) study: study protocol.
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Berben, Lut, Denhaerynck, Kris, Dobbels, Fabienne, Engberg, Sandra, Vanhaecke, Johan, Crespo‐Leiro, Maria G., Russell, Cynthia L., and De Geest, Sabina
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CHRONIC disease treatment ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,HEART transplantation ,IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ,IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents ,HEALTH insurance ,MEDICAL cooperation ,PATIENT compliance ,PATIENT satisfaction ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,REGRESSION analysis ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,HEALTH self-care ,SURVEYS ,TRANSPLANTATION of organs, tissues, etc. ,DISEASE management ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,SOCIAL support ,CROSS-sectional method ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Aim This article describes the rationale, design and methodology of the Building research initiative group: chronic illness management and ad herence in transplantation ( BRIGHT) study. This study of heart transplant patients will: (1) describe practice patterns relating to chronic illness management; (2) assess prevalence and variability of non-adherence to the treatment regimen; (3) determine the multi-level factors related to immunosuppressive medication non-adherence. Background The unaltered long-term prognosis after heart transplantation underscores an urgent need to identify and improve factors related to survival outcomes. The healthcare system (e.g. level of chronic illness management implemented) and patient self-management are major drivers of outcome improvement. Design The study uses a survey design in 40 heart transplant centres covering 11 countries in four continents. Methods Theoretical frameworks informed variable selection, which are measured by established and investigator-developed instruments. Heart transplant recipients, outpatient clinicians and programme's directors complete a survey. A staged convenience sampling strategy is implemented in heart transplant centres, countries and continents. Depending on the centre's size, a random sample of 25-60 patients is selected (N estimated 1680 heart transplant recipients). Five randomly selected clinicians and the medical director from each centre will be invited to participate. Conclusion This is the first multi-centre, multi-continental study examining healthcare system and heart transplant centres chronic illness management practice patterns and potential correlates of immunosuppressive medication non-adherence. The knowledge gained will inform clinicians, researchers and healthcare policy makers at which level(s) interventions need to be implemented to improve long-term outcomes for transplant recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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50. Current practice in nutrition diagnosis and intervention for the management of Parkinson's disease in Australia and Canada.
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Sheard, Jamie M. and Ash, Susan
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PARKINSON'S disease ,MALNUTRITION ,CONSTIPATION ,DIET therapy ,DIETITIANS ,PROFESSIONS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,PHYSICIAN practice patterns ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,PREVENTION - Abstract
Aim To document current practice by dietitians in Australia and Canada in the nutrition management of Parkinson's disease. This will help identify priority areas for review and development of practice guidelines and direct future research. Methods Current practice in the phases of the Nutrition Care Plan was captured using an online survey distributed to Dietitians Association of Australia members and Practice-Based Evidence in Nutrition subscribers through their email newsletters. The results of the diagnosis, intervention and monitoring phases are presented here. Results Eighty-four dietitians responded. There was consistency in practice for nutrition issues that are encountered in other populations, such as malnutrition and constipation. There was more variation in practice in the nutrition issues that are more specific to Parkinson's disease, such as nutrition and meal interactions with medication. A lack of awareness of emerging treatments, such as deep brain stimulation surgery, appears to exist in the responding dietitians. Conclusions The variation in practice that was present for the nutrition issues specific to Parkinson's disease may reflect the lack of quality evidence and subsequently evidence-based guidelines in these areas. Work to provide background information about treatment options and to translate current evidence for the nutrition issues that are specific to Parkinson's disease into practice recommendations should be completed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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