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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of three major representative exercises (resistance, flexibility, and walking) on quality of life (QoL) in a population of community-dwelling older adults., Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used public data from the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014 (n = 1,586 older people). Demographic factors, three types of exercise, five EuroQoL subsets (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression), and QoL scores (EQ-VAS) were investigated. The independent associations between each exercise and the five QoL subsets were determined using odds ratios (OR) adjusted for three demographic factors (age group, sex, and area of residence), using multivariate logistic regression analysis., Results: The EQ-VAS scores of the exercisers was significantly higher than those of the non-exercisers for all exercise types. Subjects with problems in mobility dimension performed less exercise of all types of than those with normal mobility (resistance: OR, 0.687; flexibility: OR, 0.733, and walking: OR, 0.489). The self-care dimension was independently correlated with flexibility (OR, 0.558) and walking (OR, 0.485)., Conclusion: All types of exercisers showed higher QoL scores than non-exercisers. Among the QoL dimensions, mobility and self-care were independently associated with flexibility and walking exercise in this older people, suggesting that engaging in regular flexibility and walking exercise is important for achieving higher QoL in the older people.

The purpose of this study is to assess health-related quality of life in polio survivors (PS) compared with that in the general population in Korea. Polio survivors (n = 120) from outpatient clinics at two hospitals, healthy controls (HC, n = 121) and members of the general population with activity limitations (AL, n = 121) recruited through a proportional-allocation, systematic sampling strategy from the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were surveyed with self-rated health-related quality of life (Euro QoL five-dimensions). The proportion of participants who reported problems in mobility, usual activity, and symptoms of anxiety/depression were higher in the PS group compared with the HC and AL groups. There was no significant difference in the self-care dimension across the groups. Polio-specific questionnaire, pain, depression, fatigue, Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were assessed in the PS group. Those with post-poliomyelitis syndrome had greater problems in mobility, usual activity, and depression/anxiety. Polio survivors, especially those with more pain and fatigue symptoms, and those who did not have access to medical services had poorer health-related quality of life. These findings afford useful information for potential intervention improving quality of life in polio survivors.

Background: Most adults with cerebral palsy encounter newly developing physical health problems and premature functional decline with aging. These physical and functional losses along with the characteristic symptoms of cerebral palsy may heighten the risk of sarcopenia.Objective: To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia among a selected group of adults with cerebral palsy and to identify the factors associated with their sarcopenia among them.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: University hospitals and communities for persons with disabilities.Participants: A total of 80 adults with cerebral palsy (46 men and 34 women with mean age of 42.8 ± 8.86 years) were included.Method: Muscle mass, strength, and physical performance were measured to diagnose sarcopenia. Participants also completed a structured questionnaire for physical, psychological, or socioeconomic attributes and health-related quality of life.Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of sarcopenia in adults with cerebral palsy.Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 47.9%. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with sex, the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), body mass index (BMI), and trunk fat. Male, higher GMFCS and lower BMI were significant risk factors of sarcopenia. Sarcopenic adults with cerebral palsy showed significantly lower health-related quality of life.Conclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia in adults with cerebral palsy was higher than that of general population despite the young age of the selected group. Modifiable risk factor was a low BMI.Level Of Evidence: III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although balance impairment after hip fracture surgery (HFS) can constitute a long-term problem of limiting mobility and increasing the risk of falls in older adults, little is known about the effect of balance training (BT) on physical functioning after HFS. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether BT improved the overall physical functioning of patients after HFS.Methods: We searched the PubMed-Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases in January 2018 and included all randomized controlled trials comparing BT with usual care after HFS. We performed a pairwise meta-analysis using fixed- and random-effects models.Results: Eight randomized controlled trials including a total of 752 participants were retrieved. The BT group showed significantly improved overall physical functioning after HFS compared with the usual care group (overall standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.390; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.114-0.667; p = .006). Both, balance and gait improved (SMD = 0.570; 95% CI = 0.149-0.992; p = .008 and SMD = 0.195; 95% CI = 0.043-0.347; p = .012, respectively) in the BT group. Lower limb strength, performance task, activity of daily living, and health-related quality of life also improved significantly in the BT group.Conclusion: Our meta-analysis revealed that BT after HFS improved overall physical functioning. Positive effects on balance, gait, lower limb strength, performance task, activity of daily living, and health-related quality of life were evident. Therefore, BT should be specifically included in postoperative rehabilitation programs and balance must be thoroughly checked in elderly patients with hip fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]