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Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to investigate whether the presence of residual hearing before cochlear implantation has an effect on temporal pattern recognition skills and musical perception in adults., Method: The study included adults with cochlear implants who were between the ages of 20 and 45 years. Adults with cochlear implants were divided into two groups: absent ( n = 20) and available ( n = 20) groups according to residual hearing before implantation. Frequency Pattern and Duration Pattern tests were applied to evaluate temporal pattern recognition, and the "Music-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire" was applied to evaluate musical perceptions., Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of cochlear-implanted hearing thresholds and speech recognition scores, musical perception, and musical activities, according to their residual hearing. On the other hand, the frequency and duration pattern recognition skills were statistically significantly better in adults with residual hearing. Also, statistically significant correlations were obtained in terms of temporal skills and musical perception subskills., Conclusions: The presence of residual hearing before cochlear implantation may affect temporal auditory processing skills. It is concluded that the integration of cochlear implants may affect temporal processing skills in adults as well as quality of life. It is recommended that experts be aware of this issue and pay attention to residual hearing.

Background/aims: Vestibular rehabilitation has an important role in the reduction of symptoms and in the recovery of patients in peripheral vestibular pathologies. Objective and subjective vestibular assessment tools are needed to assess vestibular rehabilitation effectiveness. The aims of the study were to develop the Turkish version of the internationally used Vestibular Rehabilitation Benefit Questionnaire (VRBQ) measure and to demonstrate the reliability and validity properties of the Turkish version in patients with peripheral vestibular hypofunction (PVH)., Materials and Methods: 110 patients with unilateral PVH were included. For the analysis of test-retest reliability, Turkish version of VRBQ developed by translation-back translation method was applied to patients on the day of admission and the day after admission. To assess validity, patients were also evaluated with the VRBQ, Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Vertigo Symptom Scale-Short Form (VSS-SF), Vertigo Dizziness Imbalance (VDI) Questionnaire., Results: The VRBQ showed moderate to excellent internal consistency in total score and subscales scores (VRBQ-total Cronbach’s α = 0.91; dizziness α = 0.81; anxiety α = 0.68; motion-provoked dizziness α = 0.89; aypmtoms α = 0.88; health-related quality of life α = 0.87). In the test-retest reliability of VRBQ-total score was excellent (ICC = 0.94). The dizziness, the anxiety, the motion-provoked dizziness, symptoms and the health-related quality of life domains’ ICC were found respectively 0.90, 0.89, 0.84, 0.90, and 0.92. The construct validity of the VRBQ was determined. The VRBQ total was correlated with all parameters (r: 0.308 to –0.699, P < 0.05). The highest positive correlation was found between VRBQ total and DHI-functional (r: 0.680). The highest negative correlation was found between VRBQ total and VDI-total (r: –0.699)., Conclusion: The results suggest that the Turkish version of the VRBQ is reliable and valid for evaluating the vestibular rehabilitation results., Competing Interests: This article has no conflict of interest and funding sources., (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)

We aimed to assess the functional status, urinary problems, and awareness of these problems in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and their relationship with the quality of life. One-hundred-seventeen adults with CP (53 women, 64 men) were included in this study. Subjects were asked to fill out a urological questionnaire which dealt with urinary symptoms, awareness of urinary problems, and pharmacological treatment they received. Subjects were also assessed with the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Functional Independence Measures (FIM), Functional Mobility Scale (FMS), and King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ). The mean age of the subjects was 25.3 ± 7.8 years. Of the patients, 83.8% were currently unemployed, 95.7% were single, and 96.5% were living with family. Of the patients, 20.5% had experienced frequency, 38.5% had nocturia, 48.7% had urgency, and 36.8% had urge urinary incontinence. Approximately 80% of the patients did not refer to physician due to urinary problems, and 60% of patients were not recorded history about urinary problem by any physician. Urge urinary incontinence was statistically more frequent in females than males (54.7 and 21.9%,respectively, p < 0.05).Female patients had significantly higher KHQ incontinence impact, role limitation, physical limitation, emotion, incontinence severity measures, and symptom severity subgroup scores than male patients (p < 0.05). Urge urinary incontinence was most frequent (65.4%) in spastic quadriplegic CP (p < 0.05). All functional status scores (GMFCS, FIM-toilet transfer, and FMSs) were worse in spastic quadriplegic patients than other topographical involvement of CP (p < 0.0125). Although the urinary problems are common in adult with CP, it is yet an overlooked condition that could affect quality of life. Therefore, health care professionals, patients, and their caregivers should be aware of the increased risk of urinary problems in these patients.

Study Design: Multi-center, cross-sectional study., Objectives: To investigate the effects of different bladder management methods on the quality of life (QoL) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI)., Setting: Turkey., Methods: Consecutive SCI patients (n=195, 74.4% males), for whom at least 6 months had elapsed since the injury, were included and evaluated in five groups: normal spontaneous micturition (NSM), micturition with assisted maneuvers (MAM), aseptic intermittent catheterization by patient (IC-P), aseptic IC by an attendant/caregiver (IC-A) and indwelling catheterization. The King's Health Questionnaire was used to evaluate the patients' QoL., Results: The bladder management groups were similar regarding age, time elapsed since injury, education level, marital and occupational status. There was no difference among the groups in general health perception, personal relationships and sleep/energy domain scores. While the NSM group had generally the lowest scores, that is, better QoL, the IC-A group had the highest scores, that is, poorer QoL, in most of the domains. When the patients were grouped according to the frequency of urinary incontinence or American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grades, no difference was found in the domain scores of the groups except the symptom severity domain scores. No significant difference was found between paraplegic and tetraplegic patients in the King's Health Questionnaire domains., Conclusion: The QoL was notably affected in SCI patients in IC-A group and negative effects on emotional status, physical and social activity limitations were observed, as well.

Objective:To compare the auditory outcomes of Carina middle-ear implants with those of conventional hearing aids in patients with moderate-to-severe mixed hearing loss.Methods:The study comprised nine patients (six males, three females) who underwent middle-ear implantation with Carina fully implantable active middle-ear implants to treat bilateral moderate-to-severe mixed hearing loss. The patients initially used conventional hearing aids and subsequently received the Carina implants. The hearing thresholds with implants and hearing aids were compared.Results:There were no significant differences between: the pre-operative and post-operative air and bone conduction thresholds (p > 0.05), the thresholds with hearing aids and Carina implants (p > 0.05), or the pre-operative (mean, 72.8 ± 19 per cent) and post-operative (mean, 69.9 ± 24 per cent) speech discrimination scores (p > 0.05). One of the patients suffered total sensorineural hearing loss three months following implantation despite an initial 38 dB functional gain. All except one patient showed clinical improvements after implantation according to quality of life questionnaire (Glasgow Benefit Inventory) scores.Conclusion:Acceptance of Carina implants is better than with conventional hearing aids in patients with mixed hearing loss, although both yield similar hearing amplification. Cosmetic reasons appear to be critical for patient acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]