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Malignant Central Airway Obstruction (MCAO) encompasses significant and symptomatic narrowing of the central airways that can occur due to primary lung cancer or metastatic disease. Therapeutic bronchoscopy is associated with high technical success and symptomatic relief and includes a wide range of airway interventions including airway stents. Published literature suggests that stenting practices vary significantly across the world primarily due to lack of guidance. This document aims to address this knowledge gap by addressing relevant questions related to airway stenting in MCAO. An international group of 17 experts from 17 institutions across 11 countries with experience in using airway stenting for MCAO was convened as part of this guideline statement through the World Association for Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (WABIP). We performed a literature and internet search for reports addressing six clinically relevant questions. This guideline statement, consisting of recommendations addressing these six PICO questions, was formulated by a systematic and rigorous process involving the evaluation of published evidence, augmented with expert experience when necessary. Panel members participated in the development of the final recommendations using the modified Delphi technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Metastatic pleural effusion (MPE) is one of the most frequent causes of pleural effusion. The aims of the therapeutic management are palliation of symptoms and improvement in patient's quality of life. The first step is a therapeutic thoracentesis. In case of a recurrent MPE, pleural maneuvers can be used to manage symptoms based on either ambulatory pleural drainage or pleurodesis to prevent fluid accumulation. The aim of this review is to describe recent advances, according to the best available evidence, in the field of pleurodesis for the management of MPE. Data source and study selection: Three different searches of the most clinically relevant articles and up‐to‐date results in the field of pleurodesis for the management of MPE were performed using PubMed. Different indexing terms and time restriction were chosen. From these PubMed searches, 322 articles were respectively found. After cross‐checking these three lists and the selection of articles published after January 2010 specially dedicated to the management of MPE by pleurodesis, the abstracts of 106 articles were extracted to feed the corpus of this review. Results and conclusion: Treatment approaches of recurrent MPE should take into account multiple factors in particular patient's life expectancy and preference. If talc is the best sclerosing agent alone or in combination with indwelling pleural catheter which is a promising strategy, the pathophysiology of MPE has to be revisited in order to propose a personalized management targeting intrapleural key molecules involved in the genesis of malignant process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]