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Dihydropyrimidine derivatives possess great potential to be used as a precursor for the synthesis of wide diverse dihydropyrimidine-like derivatives. In this research, the title compounds were synthesized through the reaction between 5-acetyl-4-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione and 2,5-dimethoxybenzladehyde under aldol condensation condition. The title compound, (E)-3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-{[(4-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-((E)-2,5-dimethoxystyryl)-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)]}prop-2-en-1-one (yield 15%), was obtained as major product, whereas (E)-3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-{[(4-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro pyrimidin-5-yl)]}prop-2-en-1-one (yield 8%) as side product through vinylogous aldol condensation.

A derivative of dihydrotetrazolopyrimidine has been successfully synthesized through a cyclocondensation reaction between a chalcone derivative with 5-aminotetrazole. The molecular structure of the title compound was established based on Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum.

A new compound (E)-3-[3-(4-morpholinophenyl)acryloyl]-2H-chromen-2-one, a coumarin based chalcone derivative, has been successfully synthesized employing a molecular hybridization method through the reaction between 3-acetylcoumarin and 4-morpholinobenzaldehyde using a Claisen–Schmidt reaction using pTSA as a catalyst. The structure of the title compound was established using spectroscopic data FTIR, HRESI-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR. The anticancer activity against breast cancer cells line T47D and cervix cancer cells line HeLa was determined using an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay.

The title compound was prepared by a two-step reaction. The first step was the formation of a chalcone derivative using Claisen–Schmidt condensation, which was followed by the Michael addition of the formed chalcone with 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid. The structure of the prepared compound was established by spectral data: FTIR, HRESIMS, 1H- and 13C-NMR.

A new compound belonging to a dihydrotetrazolopyrimidine derivative, that is, ethyl 5-methyl-7-(4-morpholinophenyl)-4,7-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate, was successfully synthesized using a Biginelli reaction between 4-morpholinobenzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, and 5-aminotetrazole with p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) as a catalyst in ethanol under reflux. The molecular structure of the title compound was characterized on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, using FTIR, HRESI-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR, and 2D NMR.

A one-pot multicomponent reaction has been used to synthesize the title compound, ethyl 4-[5-(methoxymethyl)furan-2-yl]-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate by PTSA catalyzed Biginelli reaction. The chemical structure of the product was confirmed by spectroscopic evidence, FTIR, HRESI-MS, 1D-, and 2D NMR.

A new compound belonging to the “heterostilbene” derivative, namely ethyl (E)-4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethoxystyryl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (2), has been successfully synthesized as an unprecedented side product of the Biginelli reaction between 2,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea, employing PTSA as catalyst in reflux conditions and using ethanol as solvent. The molecular structure of compound (2) was established by FTIR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR.

A dimethoxy amide chalcone has been synthesized in a two-step reaction. First, an amine chalcone was synthesized by the reaction of 4′-aminoacetophenone and 2,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde using 40% NaOH solution as a catalyst in ethanol, and then followed by amidation through the reaction of the formed chalcone and succinic anhydride. The structure of the target compound was established by FTIR, HR-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR, and 2D-NMR spectral analysis.