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This study evaluated the protective effects of naringin (NRG) against 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-elicited neurotoxicity. The animals were orally administered with NRG and subsequently injected with 5-FU. Injection of 5-FU caused depression in cerebral antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and total protein levels, whereas malondialdehyde and acetylcholinesterase levels/activities were considerably upregulated. In addition, 5-FU-triggered cerebral pro-inflammation was shown via significantly increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nuclear factor-ĸB, and caspase-3. Furthermore, necrotic and inflammatory histopathological lesions were observed in the cerebral tissues. Interestingly, the NRG administration considerably inhibited 5-FU-instigated cerebral oxido-inflammatory and apoptotic parameters in the treated animals. Thus, NRG could mitigate the neurotoxicity of 5-FU via the inhibition of oxido-inflammation and apoptosis in rats. These results suggested that NRG may have a relevant therapeutic importance in the management of 5-FU-elicited neurotoxicity.

Hemostasis markers associated with tumors have been widely studied. However, the associations between the coagulation factors and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) prognosis remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate these associations.

The vermicompost collected from dewatered domestic sludge as packing material in biofilter was investigated for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal. No nutrients or microbial inoculation was added throughout the experiment. The corresponding bacterial community characteristics in the vermicompost biofilter of different spatial levels were evaluated by Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that the vermicompost biofilter performed well during operation. The H2S removal efficiency reached nearly 100% under condition of the inlet concentration

Abstract Thermoelectricity of ion‐selective membrane refers to the phenomenon that the membrane potential is generated in the presence of a temperature gradient, which plays a crucial role in low‐grade heat energy harvesting. Here, a new thermoelectric model is proposed, in which the entire membrane is divided into the intra‐membrane region and two diffusion boundaries. Simulated results suggest the thermally inducted membrane potential is composed of the diffusion potential inside membrane and two Donnan potentials at the membrane boundaries. The effects of the membrane charge density, electrolyte concentration, and solution temperature are theoretically explored in detail. This model is confirmed experimentally with cation‐selective hybrid nanochannels and a commercial cation‐selective polymer membrane. We believe the new thermoelectric model is beneficial to understanding the mechanism of thermoelectric response and promoting practical applications of thermal energy conversion.

A method of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TSQ MS) was used to study the products of protopanaxadiol ginsenoside Rb1 and protopanaxatriol ginsenoside Rg1 in simulated digestion solution in vitro for researching the digestion characteristics of ginsenoside. The resullt showed that ginsenoside Rd, Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1 are found in the digestion products of ginsenoside Rb1. In addition, ginsenoside F2 is found in the simulated intestinal juice, suggesting that it is the peculiar degradation product. Therefore, the degradation pathways of ginsenoside Rb1 are as follows: ginsenoside Rb1→ginsenoside Rd→insenoside Rg3→ginsenoside Rg5/Rk1，ginsenoside Rb1→ginsenoside Rd→ginsenoside F2. In the digestive fluids of Rg1, both F1 and Rh1 are identified. The degradation pathways of ginsenoside Rg1 are determined to be: ginsenoside Rg1→ginsenoside F1 and ginsenoside Rg1→ginsenoside Rh1. The results showed that the contents of degradation products in simulated saliva, simulated gastric juice and simulated intestinal juice change with the digestion time. The digestion products ginsenoside Rd, Rg3, Rg5 and Rk1 of ginsenoside Rb1 are the highest after 2-6 h of simulated gastric juice digestion. Ginsenoside F2 is only produced in simulated intestinal juice to digest, in simulated intestinal juice to digest after 4 h content to the maximum. In simulated intestinal fluid, the degradation products of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 are the highest at 4-6 h of digestion. Ginsenoside Rg1 is degraded in the mock digest to generate F1 and Rh1. Degradation products in simulated saliva, gastric juice and intestinal juice content gradually increased, in simulated gastric juice to digest its content reached the highest after 2 h. The degradation of ginsenosides in simulated saliva is milder compared to simulated gastric juice and simulated intestinal juice. However, the degradation products in simulated gastric juice are more abundant than in simulated intestinal juice. In the process of digestion, ginsenoside Rg1 degrades more easily than Rb1. Ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 are hydrolyzed in the digestive tract to produce a variety of small molecular saponins, which provide an important chemical and biological basis for the development and utilization of ginsenosides.

Ozone (O3) deposition is the main sink of surface O3, exerting great influences on air quality and ecosystems. Due to instrument limitations and method shortages, O3 deposition was less observed and investigated in China, where O3 has been reported to be continuously and significantly rising. Here, we conducted comprehensive measurements of O3 deposition over a wheat canopy at a typical polluted agricultural site in the North China Plain using a newly developed relaxed eddy accumulation system. For the main wheat growing season in 2023, O3 deposition flux and velocity (Vd) averaged −0.25 ± 0.39 µgm-2s-1 and 0.29 ± 0.33 cm s−1, respectively. Daytime Vd (0.40 ± 0.38 cm s−1) was obviously higher than in the nighttime (0.17 ± 0.26 cm s−1). The temporal changes in Vd were mainly determined by crop growth, and Vd significantly increased with decreasing relative humidity and increasing friction velocity and soil water content, enhanced by a higher leaf area index. With rapid increases in soil moisture, simultaneous and following overall increments in Vd were detected, attributed to remarkably strengthening O3 stomatal uptake under increased stomatal conductance and extended opening into the night, and more non-stomatal O3 removal at night resulted from strengthened soil NO emission in moist conditions. This study confirms the leading effects of crop growth on O3 deposition modulated by environmental conditions and the non-negligible influences of nocturnal plant activities, and it emphasizes the need for O3 deposition observation over different surfaces and accurate evaluation of O3 agricultural impacts based on deposition fluxes.

Understanding the near-ground vertical and temporal photochemical O3 formation mechanism is important to mitigate O3 pollution. Here, we measured the vertical profiles of O3 and its precursors at six different heights, ranging from 5 to 335 m, using a newly built vertical observation system in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China. The net photochemical ozone production rate (P(O3)net) and O3 formation sensitivities at various heights were diagnosed using an observation-based model coupled with the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM v3.3.1). Moreover, to assess model performance and identify the causative factors behind O3 pollution episodes, the P(O3)net was measured at 5 m above ground level with a custom-built detection system. In total, three O3 pollution episodes and two non-episodes were captured. The identified O3 pollution episodes were found to be jointly influenced by both photochemical production and physical transport, with local photochemical reactions playing a major role. The high index of agreement (IOA) calculated by comparing the modelled and measured P(O3)net values indicated the rationality of investigating the vertical and temporal variability in O3 formation mechanisms using model results. However, the measured P(O3)net values were generally higher than the modelled P(O3)net values, particularly under high-NOx conditions, which may indicate a potential underestimation of total RO2 by the model. Throughout the measurement period, the contribution of different reaction pathways to O3 production remained consistent across various heights, with HO2 + NO as the major O3 production pathway, followed by RO2 + NO. We observed that P(O3)net decreased with an increase in measurement height, which was primarily attributed to the reduction in O3 precursors, such as oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). The O3 formation regimes were similar at different heights during both episodes and non-episodes, either being located in the VOC-sensitive regime or in the transition regime that is more sensitive to VOCs. Diurnally, photochemical O3 formation typically remained in the VOC-sensitive regime during the morning and noon, but it transitioned to the transition regime and was more sensitive to VOCs in the afternoon at around 16:00 LT (local time). Vertical and temporal photochemical O3 formation is most sensitive to OVOCs, suggesting that targeting specific VOCs for control measures is more practical and feasible at the observation site. The vertical temporal analysis of O3 formation mechanisms near the ground surface in this study provides critical foundational knowledge that can be used to formulate effective short-term emergency and long-term control strategies to combat O3 pollution in the PRD region of China.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a common microvascular complication, is the leading cause of visual impairment among the working-age population. Late-stage DR can lead to irreversible vision loss, whereas vision impairment can be prevented by controlling blood sugar in a normal level in the early stage of DR. Notably, as early-stage DR is typically asymptomatic, the majority of DR patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which causes a great burden to the patients. Therefore, the development of accurate and efficient biomarkers for the early diagnosis of DR is essential for the prevention of DR. In recent decades, a large number of studies have found that serum complement C3 is closely associated with the development of DR. In this study, a method for the detection of complement C3 by mass spectrometry was established by optimizing the enrichment conditions of glycopeptides using C18 materials. It was found that among volunteers with different stages of DR, the level of complement C3 galactose modification showed a tendency to rise first and then go down with the development of DR. The difference in complement C3 glycosylation was used for the diagnosis of different stages of DR, yielding an area under curve (AUC) of up to 0.761.

Abstract Fragment-Based Drug Design (FBDD) plays a pivotal role in the field of drug discovery and development. The construction of high-quality fragment libraries is a critical step in FBDD. Conventional fragmentation approaches often rely on rigid rules and chemical intuition, limiting their adaptability to diverse molecular structures. The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology offers a transformative opportunity to rethink traditional methods. Here, we present DigFrag, a digital fragmentation method that highlights important substructures by focusing locally within the molecular graph. In addition, we feed the fragments segmented by machine intelligence and human expertise into the deep generative model to compare the preference for data from different sources. Experimental results show that the structural diversity of fragments segmented by DigFrag is higher, and more desirable compounds are generated based on these fragments. These results also demonstrate that data generated based on AI methods may be more suitable for AI models. Moreover, a user-friendly platform called MolFrag ( https://dpai.ccnu.edu.cn/MolFrag/ ) is developed based on various fragmentation techniques to support molecular segmentation.

We explore the cloud system evolution of non-precipitating marine stratocumuli with a focus on the impacts of the diurnal cycle and free-tropospheric (FT) humidity based on an ensemble of 244 large-eddy simulations generated by perturbing initial thermodynamic profiles and aerosol conditions. Cases are categorized based on their degree of decoupling and the cloud liquid water path (LWPc, based on model columns with cloud optical depths greater than one). A budget analysis method is proposed to analyze the evolution of cloud water in both coupled and decoupled boundary layers. More coupled clouds start with a relatively low LWPc and cloud fraction (fc) but experience the least decrease in LWPc and fc during the daytime. More decoupled clouds undergo greater daytime reduction in LWPc and fc, especially those with higher LWPc at sunrise because they suffer from faster weakening of net radiative cooling. During the nighttime, a positive correlation between FT humidity and the LWPc emerges, consistent with higher FT humidity reducing both radiative cooling and the humidity jump, both of which reduce entrainment and increase LWPc. The LWPc is more likely to decrease during the nighttime for a larger LWPc and greater inversion base height (zi), conditions under which entrainment dominates as turbulence develops. In the morning, the rate of the LWPc reduction depends on the LWPc at sunrise, zi, and the degree of decoupling, with distinct contributions from subsidence and radiation.

Environmental media affect the atmospheric oxidation processes of phenolic compounds (PhCs) released from biomass burning in the troposphere. To address the gaps in experimental research, phenol (Ph), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBA), and vanillin (VL) are chosen as model compounds to investigate their reaction mechanism and kinetics at the air–water (A–W) interface, on TiO2 mineral aerosols, in the gas phase, and in bulk water using a combination of molecular dynamics simulation and quantum chemical calculations. Of the compounds, Ph was the most reactive one. The occurrence percentages of Ph, 4-HBA, and VL staying at the A–W interface are ∼ 72 %, ∼ 68 %, and ∼ 73 %, respectively. As the size of (TiO2)n clusters increases, the adsorption capacity decreases until n > 4, and beyond this, the capacity remains stable. A–W interface and TiO2 clusters facilitate Ph and VL reactions initiated by the O3 and HO⚫, respectively. However, oxidation reactions of 4-HBA are little affected by environmental media because of its electron-withdrawing group. The O3- and HO⚫-initiated reaction rate constant (k) values follow the order of A–WPh > TiO2 VL > A–WVL > A–W4-HBA > TiO2 4-HBA > TiO2 Ph and TiO2 VL > A–WPh > A–WVL > TiO2 4-HBA > TiO2 Ph > A–W4-HBA, respectively. Some byproducts are more harmful than their parent compounds, so they should be given special attention. This work provides key evidence for the rapid oxidation observed in the O3/HO⚫ + PhC experiments at the A–W interface. More importantly, differences in the oxidation of PhCs by different environmental media due to the impact of substituent groups were also identified.

Abstract In this work, the rapid and efficient preparation of isolated galloyl glucoside tautomer free radical inhibitors was investigated using Saxifraga tangutica as a raw material. Four highly polar galloyl glucoside tautomers, 3-O-galloyl-α-d-glucose ⇌ 3-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (Fr2-1-1), 2-O-galloyl-α-d-glucose ⇌ 2-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (Fr2-1-2/2-1-3), 1-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (Fr2-2-1), and 6-O-galloyl-α-d-glucose ⇌ 6-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (Fr2-3-1/Fr2-3-2), were obtained via two-step medium-pressure liquid chromatography (with solid loading instead of conventional liquid injection) and one-step high-performance chromatography coupled with on-line RPLC-DPPH techniques for targeted isolation. This separation integration technique not only increases sample intake and reduces time cost but also visualizes each step of targeted separation. All four compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time. In vitro antioxidant activity assays by DPPH (1,1‑diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) revealed that Fr2-1-2/Fr2-1-3 (IC50: 5.52 ± 0.32 μM), Fr2-2-1 (IC50: 7.22 ± 0.57 μM), and Fr2-3–1/Fr2-3-2 (IC50: 7.36 ± 0.25 μM) had superior free radical scavenging abilities and that both were superior to that of quercetin (IC50: 18.61 ± 3.55 μM). Oxidative stress assays revealed that Fr2-1-2/Fr2-1-3 significantly inhibited oxidative stress damage in H2O2-induced HepG2 cells, decreased the level of ROS (P

Water content in the coatings of aged black carbon (BC) aerosol can be reflected through the complex refractive index. In this study, the retrieval of the refractive index and water content for non-absorbing coatings of BC aerosol during hygroscopic growth (RH = 0 %–95 %) based on scattering and absorption properties is theoretically investigated. Optical properties of morphologically realistic fractal BC aerosols are simulated using the multiple-sphere T-matrix method (MSTM), the optical equivalent refractive index of coating material is retrieved based on the Mie theory, and the water content in coatings is further retrieved using effective medium theory. Results show that the scattering property performs best in retrieving the refractive index and water content. The retrieval errors of the refractive index of heavily aged BC aerosols are less than 10 % at high relative humidities (RHs), while partially coated BC and thinly coated BC have larger errors. The regularity of retrieved water content is similar to that of the refractive index retrieved, and the retrieved water content errors range from 2 % to 63 % for heavily coated BC. This study provides a helpful optical method to obtain the water content of BC coatings.

Although Li–S batteries have a high theoretical capacity, their application are significantly hindered by the complex shuttle effect of polysulfides. To address the issues, in this paper, Ni2V2O7 prepared by a simple method is proposed as an efficient catalyst for S cathodes. Ni2V2O7 composed of Ni–O octahedra and V–O tetrahedra has a specific electronic structure. The Ni and V atoms interacted, enabling a fast kinetics of polysulfide redox. Moreover, Ni2V2O7 contains metal sites (Ni and V) and oxygen vacancies, providing a high adsorption capacity and abundant active sites for polysulfide redox. Therefore, Li–S batteries consisting of Ni2V2O7-based cathodes exhibit an excellent cycling stability with a capacity of 1061 mAh g−1 and capacity retention of 87.6% after 150 cycles at 0.2 C. Moreover, at 1 C rate, the batteries exhibit a capacity of 706 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles with a minimal capacity decay of only 0.08% per cycle.

Based on the surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) instrument, we established a new method of analyzing morphine in urine by processing a calibration curve. According to an inhibition immunoassay, gradient concentration of morphine and morphine-BSA fixed on the chip competitively combine with morphine antibody on the chip. Given the three mathematical models, the data of SPRi signals generated from SPRi with morphine was processed to obtain the calibration curve. Ultrafiltration was used to pretreat blank urine samples with adding morphine, and then investigated the advantages and disadvantages of each model. With a limit detection of 6.57 ng·mL−1, the method and mathematical models can provide robust support for SPRi sensors used in further environmental detection, such as the epidemiological study of sewage.

Abstract In order to improve the bioavailability of baicalin, this article prepared for α-zein loaded with baicalin composites (α-zein@BA) by pH driven method and they were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and measurement of particle size distribution in water solution phase techniques. The digestive behavior and antioxidant activity of composites before and after simulating gastrointestinal fluid in vitro were studied as well. At the same time, molecular dynamics simulation techniques were used to reveal the molecular mechanism behind the formation of the composite between the two. The results indicated that the composites of α-zein@BA were observed to be approximately spherical under a scanning electron microscope, and their particle size was mainly distributed in the range of 94.55-145.10 μm in aqueous solution, whose encapsulation efficiency of baicalin was (86.61 ± 0.71) %. Infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that α-zein and baicalin mainly formed complexes through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. The measurement results of baicalin residue in simulated digestion of gastric and intestinal fluids in vitro are as follows: α-zein@BA > Baicalin, while both significantly increased in the gastric digestion stage (P

The potential impact of transitioning from conventional fossil fuel to a non-fossil-fuel vehicle fleet was investigated by measuring primary emissions via extractive sampling of bus plumes and assessing secondary mass formation using the Gothenburg Potential Aerosol Mass (Go:PAM) reactor from 76 in-use transit buses. Online chemical characterization of gaseous and particulate emissions from these buses was conducted using chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) with acetate as the reagent ion, coupled with the Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsols (FIGAERO). Acetate reagent ion chemistry selectively ionizes acidic compounds, including organic and inorganic acids, as well as nitrated and sulfated organics. A significant reduction (48 %–98 %) in fresh particle emissions was observed in buses utilizing compressed natural gas (CNG), biodiesels like rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), and hybrid-electric HVO (HVOHEV) compared to diesel (DSL). However, secondary particle formation from photooxidation of emissions was substantial across all the fuel types. The median ratio of particle mass emission factors of aged to fresh emissions increased in the following order: DSL buses at 4.0, HVO buses at 6.7, HVOHEV buses at 10.5, RME buses at 10.8, and CNG buses at 84. Of the compounds that can be identified by CIMS, fresh gaseous emissions from all Euro V/EEV (Enhanced Environmentally friendly Vehicle) buses, regardless of fuel type, were dominated by nitrogen-containing compounds such as nitrous acid (HONO), nitric acid (HNO3), and isocyanic acid (HNCO), alongside small monoacids (C1−C3). Notably, the emission of nitrogen-containing compounds was lower in Euro VI buses equipped with more advanced emission control technologies. Secondary gaseous organic acids correlated strongly with gaseous HNO3 signals (R2=0.85–0.99) in Go:PAM, but their moderate to weak correlations with post-photooxidation secondary particle mass suggest that they are not reliable tracers of secondary organic aerosol formation from bus exhaust. Our study highlights that non-regulated compounds and secondary pollutant formation, not currently addressed in legislation, are crucial considerations in the evaluation of environmental impacts of future fuel and engine technology shifts.

Abstract Structural studies of pyrene have been limited to below 2 GPa. Here, we report on investigations of pyrene up to ~35 GPa using in situ single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction in diamond anvil cells and ab initio calculations. They reveal the phase transitions from pyrene-I to pyrene-II (0.7 GPa), and to the previously unreported pyrene-IV (2.7 GPa), and pyrene-V (7.3 GPa). The structure and bonding analysis shows that gradual compression results in continuous compaction of molecular packing, eventually leading to curvature of molecules, which has never been observed before. Large organic molecules exhibit unexpectedly high conformational flexibility preserving pyrene-V up to 35 GPa. Ab initio calculations suggest that the phases we found are thermodynamically metastable compared to pyrene-III previously reported at 0.3 and 0.5 GPa. Our study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the polymorphism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and calls for further theoretical exploration of their structure–property relationships.

Methoxypolyethylene glycol 1900 and α-bromoisobutanoyl bromide were utilized for alcoholysis reaction to obtain a macromolecular initiator. Then, a simple amphiphilic diblockpolymer (mPEG-PDMAEMA) based on the initiator and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate was synthesized through the atomic transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method. The structures of the initiator and diblock polymer were accurately characterized using infrared spectrum and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR). Cryo-transmission electron microscopy revealed the self-assembly of mPEG-PDMAEMA into vesicle-like structures in water. Upon injection of CO2 into the solution, the tertiary amine structure within PDMAEMA underwent protonation, resulting in the mPEG-PDMAEMA adopting a hydrophilic structure. Consequently, the vesicles dissociated and dispersed, forming a network-like structure in water. The protonation phenomenon was confirmed by 1H NMR, as evidenced by the shifting of alkyl hydrogen atoms near nitrogen atoms toward downfield positions.

Abstract Multi-functional cysteine-targeting covalent warheads possess significant therapeutic potential in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. Herein, we present novel unsaturated and asymmetric ketone (oxazolinosene) scaffolds that selectively conjugate cysteine residues of peptides and bovine serum albumin under normal physiological conditions. This unsaturated saccharide depletes GSH in NCI-H1299 cells, leading to anti-tumor effects in vitro. The acetyl group of the ketal moiety on the saccharide ring can be converted to other carboxylic acids in a one-pot synthesis. In this way, the loaded acid can be click-released during cysteine conjugation, making the oxazolinosene a potential multifunctional therapeutic agent. The reaction kinetic model for oxazolinosene conjugation to GSH is well established and was used to evaluate oxazolinosene reactivity. The aforementioned oxazolinosenes were stereoselectively synthesized via a one-step reaction of nitriles with saccharides and conveniently converted into a series of α, β-unsaturated ketone N-glycosides as prevalent synthetic building blocks. The reaction mechanisms of oxazolinosene synthesis were investigated through calculations and validated with control experiments. Overall, these oxazolinosenes can be easily synthesized and developed as cysteine-targeted covalent warheads carrying useful click-releasing groups.

The development and creation of innovative therapeutic supplements and medications with extraordinary efficacy for addressing severe diabetes are of utmost importance to both developing and developed nations. A bio-inspired method has been documented for producing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using Pistacia atlantica leaf extract as a natural stabilizing agent. This approach is applicable, easy, and environmentally friendly, as it avoids using any toxic or harmful reagents. The CuNPs that were synthesized through biological processes underwent characterization using sophisticated physicochemical methods such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. It is confirmed that CuNPs exhibit a spherical structure, with an average size ranging from approximately 30 to 70 nm. Diabetes was induced in vivo through a fructose-enriched diet combined with streptozotocin. Half the subjects were administered CuNPs (100 µg/kg) via oral gavage. In contrast to the animals that were given regular food, the diabetic animals revealed an increase in serum fasting glucose level and a decrease in glucose tolerance. The administration of CuNPs had a significant impact on reducing glucose intolerance and fasting hyperglycemia. Additionally, it helped alleviate the negative effects of diabetes on cardiac output and work. Furthermore, utilizing CuNPs effectively hindered the rise in cardiac signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-phosphorylation caused by diabetes. The findings from this investigation provide evidence of the therapeutic benefits of CuNPs in mitigating diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats.

The coupling between surface ozone (O3) and vegetation significantly influences the regional to global climate. O3 uptake by plant stomata inhibits the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, impacting evapotranspiration through land surface ecosystems. Using a climate–vegetation–chemistry coupled model (the NASA GISS ModelE2 coupled with the Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere, or ModelE2-YIBs), we assess the global climatic responses to O3–vegetation interactions during the boreal summer of the present day (2005–2014). High O3 pollution reduces stomatal conductance, resulting in warmer and drier conditions worldwide. The most significant responses are found in the eastern US and eastern China, where the surface air temperature increases by +0.33 ± 0.87 and +0.56 ± 0.38 °C, respectively. These temperature increases are accompanied by decreased latent heat and increased sensible heat in both regions. The O3–vegetation interaction also affects atmospheric pollutants. The surface maximum daily 8 h average O3 concentrations increase by +1.46 ± 3.02 ppbv in eastern China and +1.15 ± 1.77 ppbv in the eastern US due to the O3-induced inhibition of stomatal uptake. With reduced atmospheric stability following a warmer climate, increased cloud cover but decreased relative humidity jointly reduce aerosol optical depth by −0.06 ± 0.01 (−14.67 ± 12.15 %) over eastern China. This study suggests that vegetation feedback should be considered for a more accurate assessment of climatic perturbations caused by tropospheric O3.