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Introduction: Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread to 34 provinces in Indonesia. Indonesia first confirmed the case of COVID-19 in March 2020. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has made the teaching and learning process shifted to distance teaching. This activity-limiting measure in response to curbing the spread of COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented change in human behavior around the world. One of the changes in human behavior is sleep. Sleep is a physiological process that is highly dependent on the environment and social and varies greatly with stress levels. This study aimed to know the characteristics of sleep quality of nursing students during pandemic Covid-19 in Bali. Methods: This study is a descriptive study using univariate analysis. The population in this study is approximately 1,500 nursing students. Sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling with 422 sample. Data collection tools in the form of questionnaires that are used is a sleep quality questionnaire from the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: The results show that most of the nursing students’ age ranged from 15-25 (94.1%), female (79.1%) and currently undergoing Bachelor of Nursing education (68%) and students of Nursing in Bali mostly have poor sleep quality (97.4%). Conclusion: Students of Nursing reported to have poor sleep quality over the last month.

This study aims to identify the teachers’ perspectives on the Merdeka Belajar curriculum in terms of its concept and lesson plan. The method used was qualitative-descriptive that involved 8 English teachers from different Vocational High Schools in Surabaya. The data collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. After being analyzed, the results showed that not all teachers understand the concept of Merdeka Belajar. The finding also showed that the implementation of a one-page lesson plan (RPP 1 Lembar) had not met the expectation of Merdeka Belajar. What was being stated by participants was different from what was being told during the interview and this affects the final results. However, all participants fully support the implementation of this new curriculum

Pre-service teachers’ (PST) beliefs and practices have been agreed as an initially vital basis to continue maintaining a qualified learning process. This article reviews the research on PSTs’ beliefs and practices concerning teaching and learning English as a foreign language (EFL) and the exploration of the complex relationship between EFL PSTs’ beliefs and practices. It encompasses a discussion about the nature of teachers’ beliefs, an overview of PSTs’ belief formation, and some previous studies on PSTs’ beliefs. The review of related literature summarizes the empirical studies on PSTs’ beliefs and practices from 2011 up to 2020, which reveal the diversity and similarity of the studies on EFL PSTs’ beliefs. The result obtained in this study depicts that PSTs’ beliefs about EFL teaching and learning are affected by prior language learning experiences, teacher education, and teaching practices. Besides, some constraints in the classroom setting can trigger the beliefs change covering time restriction, curriculum emphasis, students’ misbehavior, students’ competence, students’ motivation, or even PSTs’ motivation and confidence. Finally, when their tacit beliefs turn into explicit beliefs, PSTs can identify and assess their beliefs attributed to their classroom practices, from which EFL PST education can be informed to design better courses and prepare PSTs’ future careers. HIGHLIGHTS: EFL PSTs’ beliefs are acquired from many years of learning experiences they got from schools to teacher education, of which the condition has influenced what and how they learn to teach. Their beliefs, then, influence what they say and do in the classroom, which, in turn, shapes their beliefs. Some constraints in the classroom setting can trigger the beliefs changed: time restriction, curriculum emphasis, students’ misbehavior, students’ competence, students’ motivation, or even PSTs’ motivation and confidence.

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic caused great stress, especially for health workers which resulted in moderate or severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and more serious stress. Gender is very influential, given the differences in biological and social roles between men and women. Gender differences between men and women allow for variations in strategies in responding to mental health to increase awareness and self-management, so as to avoid mental health problems during the Covid-19 pandemic. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis was performed by searching articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Springer Link, and health-related databases. The keywords used in the article search were "health workers" AND "covid-19" AND "mental health". The inclusion of the criteria in this study is a full-text article, from 2019-2021, with a study design cross-sectional. The article analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3. Results: There were 5 articles analyzed, the results showed no significant difference between gender and mental health responses among health workers during the Covid-19 pandemic (aOR= 1.12; 95% CI= 0.59-2.13; p=0.01). Conclusion: Not significant between primary studies regarding gender differences in mental health responses to health workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keyword s : health workers, covid-19, mental health Correspondence: Riyesti Hero Fresna, Purwantoro Special Edu­cational School. Wonogiri Regency, Central Java 57695. E-mail: riyestiherofresna01@g­mail.com. Mobile +628­1227831443. Journal of Health Policy and Management (2021), 06(02): 130-138 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2021.06.02.05

Higher-order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is a well-known term that is nowadays being discussed among researchers, especially in education contexts. In this globalization era, developing students’ ability to think with HOTS becomes teachers’ challenging task to do. They are responsible to enrich their knowledge about HOTS and update findings and ideas of HOTS implementation in teaching. So, they will be able to implement HOTS in teaching they believe will be ideal and effective to develop students’ HOTS. This research aims to investigate teachers’ knowledge about HOTS and investigate how they implement their knowledge of HOTS in teaching reading classroom. This is a qualitative research with case study as the research design. The data were collected using in-depth interviews followed by observation. The participants of this research are three English teachers from a senior high school who teach different grades. The results of this research show that the teachers’ knowledge of HOTS is still low. They do not understand HOTS conceptually. However, their implementation of HOTS in teaching reading show that they implement HOTS to teach reading that enables students to activate their HOTS. They include the concept of effective HOTS teaching suggested by Fogarty (2009).

The purpose of the 2013 Curriculum which is regulated by the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 67 of 2013 is to prepare Indonesian people to have the ability to be faithful, productive, creative, innovative, affective and able to contribute to life. In processing values in the 2013 Curriculum, there are 3 (three) assessments such as assessment of students' attitudes, assessment of knowledge, assessment of skills, this is expected to form student character from an early age. However, in the application of the processing, there are several obstacles including some basic competencies that need to be inputted and this takes a long time, besides that the teacher's lack of understanding of IT becomes a challenge when the teacher wants to input data into the system. In the study, the authors used data collection methods such as observation, interviews, questionnaires and literature study. Meanwhile, to evaluate the value processing system using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with 4 parameters such as Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Attitude Toward using, Behavioral Intention To Use. This method results in showing users believe that the value processing information system with the 2013 curriculum can provide benefits and uses. indicates the user feels confident enough that the system being used is easier to use and operate. shows the great curiosity of the user to use the system. indicates that there is a desire to continue using the system and there is a desire to influence other users to use the system.

The research caused by lacking of students’ vocabulary mastery in English Subject. One of the methods for improving vocabulary is Spelling Bee game. The action research aims to measure the effectiveness of the use of the spelling bee game method in improving students' mastery of English vocabulary and to determine students' responses motivated towards the application of this game. The research uses classroom action research (CAR) caused by Arikunto Suharsimi at students’ fifth grade in SDIT Ya Bunayya Pujon. The research is done two cycle. In every cycle consist of three meeting with the activity: plan, action, observation, reflection. Pre-test and post-test are given in the form of vocabulary tests. Data obtained from the pre-test and post-test were analysis in a classical completeness with a minimum quality standard of 75. The results of the analysis show that in cycle 1 was an average score of 70.26 with a classical completeness of 47, 05%. Furthermore, the results of the study in cycle 2 getting a significant improvement in which the score obtained was an average of 82.91 with a classical completeness reaching 88.24%. An increase from cycle 1 to cycle 2 in the classical completeness obtained reaching 41.19%. While, the implementation of the method makes students pay more attention, active, ability and motivated in learning English. From these results it means that the application of the game Spelling Bee has an influence on improving students' mastery of English vocabulary. Based on the results of this study, the application of learning with the game Spelling Bee is recommended to teachers to create a pleasant atmosphere for students, especially young learner in learning English vocabulary.

The purpose of this study was to analyze effect of linear growth and psychosocial aspects of caregiving on cognitive development of toddlers. Methods: Longitudinal studies were carried out from pregnancy to three years old children in Bogor. The collected data included body height, nutritional status based on height by age index, morbidity, aspects of caregiving, and cognitive development of three years old children. Linear growth data is obtained from anthropometric measurements of height at birth, age six months, and twelve months measured using a length measuring instrument body with a precision level of 0.10 cm. Caregiving of psychosocial aspect divided by some characteristics, such as learning stimulation, language stimulation, academic stimulation, modelling, warmth and acceptance, caregiving variation, punishment & acceptance and physical environment. Cognitive development measurement was divided into two categories, namely delay and appropriate to age. Multiple logistic regression was applied to analyze the effects. Toddlers who were born stunted and continued to be stunted until they were three years old had lower cognitive development than stunted newborns that were able to achieve normal height at three years old. In addition, children who experience caregiving with poor psychosocial aspects had lower cognitive development than those with good caregiving. This study highlighted the importance efforts to improve nutritional status of children as well as providing good care for them.

Poor nutritional status or stunting still becomes a public health problem in Indonesia, with prevalence of 37.2% in 2013. Some research results show that stunted children have lower cognitive development than normal children. This study aims to assess whether there is an effect of giving multiple-nutrient biscuits and psychosocial parenting education on height and development of children under the age of three (toddlers). This study used quasi experimental design. The treatment was given for 2 mo to 28 stunted children who were divided into 3 groups, namely: (1) multiple-nutrient biscuits (2) psychosocial parenting education (3) multiple-nutrient biscuits and psychosocial parenting education. Multiple-nutrients biscuit was given 12 pieces a day for 2 mo. Meanwhile, psychosocial parenting education was given direcly by psychologist in the form of lectures, brainstorming and role play. In order to identify the effect of treatment on children's height and development, the data obtained was analyzed using paired t-test, while the analysis of differences between treatment groups was carried out using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that giving psychosocial parenting education significantly increased height, children's nutritional status based on height by age index, and improved cognitive development among toddlers. Giving multiple-nutrient biscuits and psychosocial parenting education significantly increased height and cognitive development among toddlers. In order to overcome children's growth and development problem, nutrition interventions need to be carried out along with the provision of education about maternal parenting to children.

Background Sleep is needed by the human body so that the performance of body remains optimal when the body is awake, especially during work. Informal workers often work without clear regulations, with inadequate equipment and poor work environment, and pay little attention to occupational health and safety factors. The existence of large work demands with unclear work system arrangements will certainly result in a mental workload in these workers. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between mental workload and sleep patterns of workers in the informal garment sector. MethodsA cross-sectional study involving 225 informal garment workers was conducted between December 2018 and May 2019. Data collection included respondents’ demographics, job characteristics, measurement of mental burden and disturbances in sleep patterns. The sleep pattern used the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) instrument and the mental burden used the Rating Scale Mental Effort (RSME). A multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. ResultsThe mean sleep quality was 5.40 ± 2.54. Multiple linear regression test found that mental workload correlated significantly with sleep quality of workers (β=0.016, p=0.012).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that heavy mental workload decreases the quality of sleep in informal garment workers. A good work system management is required so that workers are assigned that portion of the task that is commensurate with their capacity.

Anxiety is one of the factors influencing students’ speaking performance in the classroom. A video making task is an alternative strategy that can decrease anxiety besides it provides a positive influence on students’ self-assessment of speaking task. Hence, the objective of this study was to describe how video making task could decrease students’ anxiety in speaking class. This study used a descriptive qualitative method in which the data source was the students’ performance in video to require the task of procedure text presentation in speaking class. The data were collected by using observation and interview. And the result of the observation of the video showed that most of the students seemed less anxious and more relaxed in explaining the assigned materials. In the interview, the students also said that they felt more confident in presenting the task. In conlusion, the video making task could decrease students’ anxiety in students’ speaking performance.

Lecturers must consider many things before implementing strategies in the learning process. This is because learning strategies also affect students’ learning outcomes. Once, low-achiever students can improve their competence because of the working strategies. Contrarily, high-achiever students may get decreased because of the worst strategies. From various strategies in the learning process, student grouping is a popular strategy which supports collaboration among students. Yet, the lecturer must be able to consider several things related to student grouping. The main consideration is “with whom” and “how” students should be grouped. "With whom" covers appropriate decision on grouping students homogeneously or heterogeneously. Whereas "how" is interpreted as how many students should be gathered in every group. The decision of both must be based on logical reasoning in accordance with the learning context. To answer these two aspects, the research team analyzed data which were previously collected by using observation, questionnaire, interview, and documentation. This research was carried out throughout Grammar TOEFL learning process using NST TOEFL Explorer, in English Education Study Program of STKIP PGRI Pasuruan. The result confirmed that student grouping in this context was done more appropriately by grouping heterogeneous students with five members. This grouping strategy is able to show an improvement in students’ learning outcomes in grammar TOEFL mastery.

According to some previous research, students’critical thinking skills are poorly trained due to more teacher centered learning. This study aims to determine the effect of problem based learning (PBL) model on critical thinking skills in material colloidal system. This research was conducted at SMAN 10 Kota Tangerang Selatan on Februari even semester of 2016/2017. The method used in this study is quasi-experimental research. The sample used in this study is 30 student in control and eksperimen groups. The sample was taken by purposive sampling. The prime instrument in this study is through 10 items of essay test instrument which is analyzed by using t-test. Hipotesis test using software SPSS version 22 with result showed that Sig < α, or 0,000 < 0,05 value lies in the region reject H0 and accept H1. This shows that there are an effect of problem based learning (PBL) model on critical thinking skills students. Keywords Problem Based Learning (PBL) model, Critical Thinking Skill,Colloidal System., Menurut beberapa penelitian terdahulu, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kurang terlatih dikarenakan pembelajaran lebih berpusat kepada guru (teacher center). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi sistem koloid. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 10 Kota Tangerang Selatan pada bulan Februari semester genap tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Sampel penelitian berjumlah masing-masing 30 orang siswa pada kelas kontrol maupun eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu purpossive sampling. Instrumen utama yang digunakan yaitu tes essay sebanyak 10 butir soal. Hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan bantuan software SPSS versi 22 diperoleh data bahwa sig < α yaitu 0,000 < 0,05 pada taraf signifikansi 5% sehingga H0 ditolak dan terima H1. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Kata kunci Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL), Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis, Sistem Koloid.

Body image distortion has been linked with mind, emotion, sensation and strongly related to size, and shape of individual performance. This research aimed to investigate the perception of body image for adolesscent in the second grade of senior high school in SMAN 1 Bogor. A qualitative design was used to conduct this research by using indepth interview with phenomenology approach. Six students, who were all women, consist of three students were overweight/obese and the other were lean. All of students were interviewed regarding their perception related three domain areas which were: body perception, perception of current body and efforts for achieving the ideal body composition shape. The findings indicated the three student who were overweigt/obese pointed out that they were happy and accepted with their performance but they were not better performing. The other of three student who were lean stated that they had many perception with their body image such as: thin, was not good looking,and unbalancing high and weight. Almost all of the students had a similar perception about their body image whether they were overweight/obese and lean. They were not unhappy with their performance, but they had the same opinion about ideal body shape.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to determine the effects of emotional intelligence on marital adjustment in early adulthood. The study was conducted in South Jakarta. The population of this study is the early adulthood resident of district Pela Mampang, South Jakarta . Total population is about 500 people and the researchers took 46 people as the sample in this study because they meet the study requirement. This study used a quantitative approach. The method used in this study is ex post facto. And the sampling technique is probability sampling.The type of probability sampling that is used in this study is purposive sampling, whereas the sampling technique depends on the criteria. Data collection technique used emotional intelligence and marital adjustment scale. The analytical techniques used in this study is normality test, linear test, and regression analysis. Based on the study result, F = 275 912, p = 0.00

Reinforcement has been used in many areas of educational institution. In the learning activity, reinforcements are given by the teacher as feedback for what students have done. By using reinforcement in the learning activity, the students are expected to feel comfortable to show themselves by responding questions, giving feedback, and expressing their opinions in the class. This study aims to investigate the effect of giving reinforcement by the teacher towards student's learning motivation. This research used the photovoice method and SHOWeD Analysis. The participants are 27 students in 5th semester of English Education Department in online class, consists of 7 males and 20 females with the average age of around 19-21 years old. The finding shows that giving reinforcement encourage student's motivation in the learning activity. As the implication, teachers apply reinforcement in order to make the students high-motivated in the class.

This research aims to look at the difference in the ability of mathematical creative thinking in students, through Realistic Mathematical Education learning or RME and through conventional learning . The research design used was an experiment , namely in the form of a test of the ability of creative thinking. The population in this study of Junior High School students throughout the country , namely in West Bandung Regency. Sample research VIII grade i . e . in one of the Junior High School in West Bandung chosen at random and selected class A ( grade experiment ) that uses learning Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and class B ( grade control ) that uses regular or conventional learning . The research results showed that the p - value of 0.000 < critical limits. Thus , the ability of mathematical creative thinking of the students who got the learning with Realistic Mathematics Education better than the students who got conventional learning .

Based on the results of science learning process in SMP Negeri 3 Kusan Hilir, in the learning process especially KD 7.2 and KD. 7.4 on Ecosystems, learners are always given conceptual learning and teachers are reluctant to invite directly to the environment to learn, learners do not do the learning in groups so that learning is still centered on the teacher. Such learning leads to the lack of creativity and involvement of learners in the learning process that impacts on the classical completeness of only 60%. The purpose of this study is to improve the ability to think critically about what is happening in their environment and to instill environmental ethics in their minds, that the importance of environmental sustainability for the present to the future by using Inquiry approach. This research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). This study was conducted 2 cycles in accordance with the effective learning time of 8 hours lesson. Cycle I as much as 2 meetings and cycle II as much as 2 times meetings. Subjects in this study were students class VII A SMP Negeri 3 Kusan Hilir which amounted to 22 students consisting of 10 women and 12 men. The results showed that by using the Inkuiri approach can improve students' critical thinking skills from classical mastery 13.63% in the first cycle of meeting 1 to 45.50% at the 2nd meeting and 68% in the second cycle of meeting 1 to 95% At the meeting 2. The cognitive learning outcomes of learners have increased from classical completeness 22.72% in the first cycle of meeting 1 to 55% at meetings 2 and 77% in cycle II meeting 1 to 95% at the meeting 2. The implementation process Lessons from the less category in the first cycle of meeting 1 become sufficient category at the 2nd meeting and from the good category in the second cycle of meeting 1 become very good category at the meeting 2. Positive student response to the learning process using Inquiry approach.