16 results on '"Barbara Bauer"'
Search Results
2. Relational factors affecting dog social attraction to human partners
- Author
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Kurt Kotrschal, Manuela Wedl, Barbara Bauer, Iris Schöberl, and Jon E.L. Day
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Linguistics and Language ,Communication ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social attraction ,Neuroticism ,Language and Linguistics ,Developmental psychology ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Picture viewing ,Personality ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Psychology ,Intact male ,Social psychology ,health care economics and organizations ,media_common ,Dyad - Abstract
We previously showed (Kotrschal et al., 2009) that owner personality and human–dog relationship predicted the performance of a human–dog dyad in a practical task. Based on the same data set we presently investigate the effects of individual and social factors on the social attraction of dogs to their owners. Twenty-two male and female owners and their intact male dogs were observed during a “picture viewing” test, where we diverted the owner’s attention away from their dog whilst it was permitted to move freely around the room. Owner personality axis “neuroticism” and dog personality axis “vocal and aggressive” were, respectively, positively and negatively related to the time the dog stayed in proximity to the owner. Quality of relationship and attachment also had significant effects on this proximity. We conclude that personality and the nature of the human–dog relationship may all influence dogs’ social attraction to their owners. Keywords: companion animals; dog–human attachment; dyadic relationships; human-animal interactions; human–dog attachment; human–dog relationship; human–dog social interactions; personality; pets
- Published
- 2010
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3. Dyadic relationships and operational performance of male and female owners and their male dogs
- Author
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Iris Schöberl, Barbara Bauer, Kurt Kotrschal, Anne-Marie Thibeaut, and Manuela Wedl
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Male ,Personality Tests ,Operational performance ,Time Factors ,Hydrocortisone ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Video Recording ,Models, Psychological ,Motor Activity ,Developmental psychology ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Dogs ,Sex Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Animals ,Humans ,Personality ,Saliva ,health care economics and organizations ,media_common ,Social stress ,Extraversion and introversion ,Behavior, Animal ,Human-Animal Bond ,Social Support ,General Medicine ,Neuroticism ,Social relation ,Dyadic interaction ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Personality Assessment Inventory ,Psychology ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
In the paper we investigate how owner personality, attitude and gender influence dog behavior, dyadic practical functionality and the level of dog salivary cortisol. In three meetings, 12 female and 10 male owners of male dogs answered questionnaires including the Neo-FFI human personality inventory. Their dyadic behavior was video-taped in a number of test situations, and saliva samples were collected. Owners who scored highly in neuroticism (Neo-FFI dimension one) viewed their dogs as social supporters and spent much time with them. Their dogs had low baseline cortisol levels, but such dyads were less successful in the operational task. Owners who scored highly in extroversion (Neo-FFI dimension two) appreciated shared activities with their dogs which had relatively high baseline cortisol values. Dogs that had female owners were less sociable-active (dog personality axis 1) than dogs that had male owners. Therefore, it appears that owner gender and personality influences dyadic interaction style, dog behavior and dyadic practical functionality.
- Published
- 2009
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4. Stress Responses of Male Guinea Pigs Predict Female Preference
- Author
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Barbara Bauer, Ivo H. Machatschke, and John Dittami
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Attractiveness ,Basal (phylogenetics) ,Mate choice ,Categorization ,Sexual selection ,Stress (linguistics) ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Psychology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Preference ,Testosterone ,Demography ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
Mate choice is a critical part of sexual selection. One constituent of mate choice is attractiveness, which serves as a projection surface for traits signalling quality and condition to prospective reproductive partners. In guinea pigs, females generally decide whom they will select as partner and when to switch to a new one. The aim of this study was to investigate for universality in male traits possibly associated with female preference. Characteristics of stress response were chosen, as they are relatively stable in their behavioural and physiological expression. Two consecutive experiments were done on isosexually kept males. In the first experiment, behavioural performance in a forced swim-test was noted, after basal endocrine status had been documented with three samples per individual. In a second experiment, the same males were presented to females in a round-robin choice paradigm. A discriminant analysis confirmed a categorization of males into groups that were preferred by different females either two times [more preferred (MP), n = 6] or less than that [less preferred (LP), n = 12]. Mean basal cortisol levels were comparable, but mean basal testosterone (T) was significantly higher in LP. This points at a scenario where higher T might be advantageous in male-male competition but perhaps less important for the formation of male-female bonds. Behaviourally, MP completed the swim-test significantly faster than LP, which may indicate greater goal directedness and motivation. We conclude that traits associated with stress responses may be components of male attractiveness, their stability perhaps reflecting adaptive qualities.
- Published
- 2008
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5. Decisions and attitudes of nurses caring for critically ill elderly people
- Author
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Barbara Bauer, Martin Eisemann, Jörg Richter, Sture Åström, and Hannelore Kreibeck
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Coping (psychology) ,MEDLINE ,General Medicine ,Directive ,medicine.disease ,Cross-cultural studies ,Compliance (psychology) ,Nursing ,Transcultural nursing ,medicine ,Dementia ,Psychology ,General Nursing ,Valuation (finance) - Abstract
Die Ergebnisse einer Vergleichsuntersuchung von deutschen und schwedischen Krankenschwestern werden dargestellt. Die Grundlage bildet die Fallbeschreibung mit drei Varianten verfügbarer Informationen über den Willen des Patienten. Schwedische Krankenschwestern tendieren allgemein zu weniger aggressiven Behandlungsalternativen und würden seltener gegen den schriftlich geäußerten Willen des Patienten Wiederbelebungsmaßnahmen realisieren als die deutschen. Schwestern beider Gruppen sind mehr compliant, je mehr sie die Patientenverfügung als Entscheidungshilfe wahrnehmen können. Der beobachtete Demenzgrad eines Patienten erweist sich als wesentlicher Prädiktor für Behandlungsentscheidungen in beiden Gruppen. Kontinuierliche Schulungen und Trainings von Krankenschwestern hinsichtlich ethischer Haltungen und des Umgangs mit ethischen Problemsituationen bei der Behandlung älterer Menschen scheinen dringend notwendig, um die Autonomie von Patienten zu fördern.
- Published
- 1999
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6. Spatial learning and memory differs between single and cohabitated guinea pigs
- Author
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Lisa Maria Glenk, Bernard Wallner, Barbara Bauer, Ivo H. Machatschke, and Eva Millesi
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Analysis of Variance ,Social condition ,Hydrocortisone ,Stress exposure ,Movement ,Significant difference ,Guinea Pigs ,Physiology ,Spatial Behavior ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Social Environment ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Housing, Animal ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Developmental psychology ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Memory ,Time course ,Spatial learning ,Exploratory Behavior ,Animals ,Psychology ,Maze Learning ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
In socially-living animals, social enrichment enhances spatial learning and memory while separation from conspecifics can severely impair these abilities. In the present work, guinea pigs were kept in isolation or cohabitated in heterosexual pairs and then subjected to a labyrinth task. Latency-time to bait, error-rate, amount of movement and pre- and post-experimental cortisol (CORT) were registered. During a 5d-acquisition phase, single animals (N=19) showed a more efficient encoding of spatial information, with significantly decreased latency-time and error-rate over the time course. In contrast, cohabitated animals (N=19) did not show a significant improvement. Three days after acquisition, memory was tested in a retention test, under the same conditions. With regard to behavioral performance, there was no significant difference between cohabitated and single animals. Pre-experimental CORT was significantly higher in cohabitated animals when compared to single ones. Post-experimentally, CORT increased significantly in singles but not in cohabitated animals when compared to pre-experimental values. Thus, both groups did not differ from each other at that point. Social condition seemed to be an important modulator, in that learning and memory were more impaired in paired animals than in single ones. The failure of cohabitated animals to encode spatial memory more quickly may have been caused by a more chronically up-regulated HPA-axis. The post-experimental CORT increase of singles may be due to more efficient handling of short-term stress exposure.
- Published
- 2010
7. Factors influencing the temporal patterns of dyadic behaviours and interactions between domestic cats and their owners
- Author
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Kurt Kotrschal, Dorothy Gracey, Manuela Wedl, Christine Grabmayer, Barbara Bauer, Elisabeth Spielauer, and Jon E.L. Day
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Adult ,Male ,Personality Tests ,Aging ,Time Factors ,Neurotic Disorders ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,education ,Animal-assisted therapy ,Motor Activity ,Personality psychology ,Developmental psychology ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Young Adult ,medicine ,Personality ,Animals ,Humans ,Social Behavior ,media_common ,Aged ,Principal Component Analysis ,Sex Characteristics ,Extraversion and introversion ,CATS ,Behavior, Animal ,Human-Animal Bond ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Neuroticism ,Social relation ,Cats ,HUBzero ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Female ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Algorithms - Abstract
Human-cat dyads may be similar in interaction structure to human dyads because many humans regard their cats as being social companions. Consequently, we predict that dyadic structure will be contin- gent on owner and cat personalities, sex, and age as well as duration of cohabitation of the partners. Forty owner-cat dyads were visited in their homes, on four occasions, during which their behaviours and interactions were video-taped. Behaviour was coded from tape and was analysed for temporal (t)- patterns using Theme ® (Noldus; Magnusson, 1996). Owner personality was assessed using the NEO-FFI. Five cat personality axes were identified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on observer- rated items and on coded behaviours. We found that the higher the owner in neuroticism, the fewer t-patterns occurred per minute. The higher the owner in extraversion, the higher was the number of non-overlapping patterns per minute. The more "active" the cat, the fewer non-overlapping patterns occurred per minute, but the higher was the event type complexity. The older the cat, the lower was dyadic event type complexity. We suggest that basic temporal structures similar to those of human-cat dyads may also be found in other long-term and complex dyadic relationships, including those between humans.
- Published
- 2010
8. Effects of personality and sex on behavioral patterns in human–dog dyads
- Author
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Kurt Kotrschal, John Dittami, Iris Schöberl, Barbara Bauer, and Manuela Wedl
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General Veterinary ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Behavioral pattern ,Personality ,Psychology ,Developmental psychology ,media_common - Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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9. Toward the nature of the human–dog social bond
- Author
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Manuela Wedl, Kurt Kotrschal, Iris Schöberl, and Barbara Bauer
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General Veterinary ,Social bond ,Psychology ,Developmental psychology - Published
- 2009
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10. Effects of gender on performance in human–dog dyads in an agility parcours
- Author
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Barbara Bauer, Kurt Kotrschal, Manuela Wedl, Ifa Aliabadi, and Iris Schöberl
- Subjects
General Veterinary ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Abstract
s from the 2010 Canine Science Forum in Vienna, Austria EFFECTS OF GENDER ON PERFORMANCE IN HUMAN–DOG DYADS IN AN AGILITY PARCOURS Ifa Aliabadi*, Manuela Wedl, Iris Sch€ oberl, Barbara Bauer
- Published
- 2011
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11. Leadership enhancement: The chancellor's leadership class
- Author
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Barbara Bauer and Wayne Anderson
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Class (computer programming) ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Social Psychology ,Higher education ,business.industry ,Neuroleadership ,Shared leadership ,Management ,Leadership studies ,Educational leadership ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Leadership style ,Program development ,Psychology ,business - Abstract
This article presents a model detailing issues to be considered when developing a structured group experience to enhance leadership skills.
- Published
- 1985
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12. Bulimic Beliefs: Food for Thought
- Author
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Wayne Anderson and Barbara Bauer
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Psychotherapist ,Bulimia nervosa ,Intervention (counseling) ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Psychological intervention ,Effective treatment ,medicine.disease ,Psychology ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Applied Psychology ,Cognitive style ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Individuals suffering from bulimia nervosa share a characteristic pattern of thinking which needs to be understood if effective treatment is to take place. This article presents these beliefs, gathered by clinical experience and a review of the literature, in a format which describes each belief, discusses the common causes for its development, and suggests therapeutic interventions.
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- 1989
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13. Clients with MMPI high D-PD: Therapy implications
- Author
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Barbara Bauer and Wayne Anderson
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Adult ,Counseling ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychometrics ,Hospitalized patients ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Conflict, Psychological ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ,MMPI ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,Psychiatry ,Pathological ,media_common ,Depressive Disorder ,Mental Disorders ,Self-esteem ,Self Concept ,Psychotherapy ,Alcoholism ,Clinical Psychology ,Female ,Psychology ,Social Adjustment ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The personal characteristics of 80 clients with elevated 2-4 (D-PD) scales on their MMPIs were compared with those of 109 clients without these elevations. Clients with the 2-4 elevated were significantly more depressed, had lower self-esteem, and were more likely to come from disturbed families. They also had poor relationships with the opposite sex, became more dependent on the therapist, and often made little improvement in therapy. In comparison to previous descriptions of hospitalized patients with similar profiles, the counseling center clients continue to function in the community and show less pathological behavior. Implications for therapy are discussed.
- Published
- 1985
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14. Support for Intimacy Skills Groups from Research in Social Psychology
- Author
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Wayne Anderson and Barbara Bauer
- Subjects
Social psychology (sociology) ,Interpersonal competence ,Group counseling ,Applied psychology ,Social competence ,Research findings ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Work done by social psychologists on self-disclosure is relevant for intimacy skills groups. This research is reviewed and a structured group on intimacy training that integrates the research findings is discussed.
- Published
- 1985
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15. Patron Contact Training: A Workshop for Personnel Who Meet the Public
- Author
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Mark E. Rogers, Wayne Anderson, and Barbara Bauer
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Medical education ,Nursing ,Professional development ,Communication skills ,Customer Contact ,Training methods ,Psychology ,Training (civil) - Abstract
This article is intended to provide counselors with a format for designing and running workshops to train personnel employed in positions of high customer contact.
- Published
- 1983
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16. The effect of training trials on passive avoidance deficits in the hippocampectomized rat
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David S. Olton, Robert L. Isaacson, Barbara Bauer, and Pamela Swart
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neocortex ,education ,Electrical shock ,General Chemistry ,Hippocampal formation ,Catalysis ,Surgery ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Shock (circulatory) ,medicine ,Passive avoidance ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology - Abstract
The ability to withhold a response on the basis of a punishing electrical shock after 0, 20, 40 training trials was investigated in rats following radical bilateral hippocampal destruction, damage to the posterolateral neocortex, or sham operations. Hippocampectomized animals continued to make the response despite the previous shock under all training conditions (impaired passive avoidance behavior) but their response latencies were shorter when 20 or 40 training trials had been given.
- Published
- 1966
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