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Background: Although childhood abuse is considered to be related to borderline personality disorder (BPD), few studies have elaborated on the mediating role of self-esteem and resilience in it. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the potential mediating role of resilience and self-esteem between childhood abuse and BPD. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 4034 college students in Anhui Province, China. Participants were asked to complete Chinese versions of the following instruments: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF), Mclean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the mediation effects. Results: Resilience and self-esteem were found to be mediators of all three types of childhood abuse (emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse) when the types were examined separately; however, when all three types of childhood abuse were entered into the model simultaneously, neither the indirect effects nor direct effects of physical abuse or sexual abuse were found to be significant, only the association between emotional abuse and BPD features was partially mediated by resilience and self-esteem. Conclusions: Self-esteem and resilience mediate the links between childhood abuse and BPD features, and emotional abuse is uniquely associated with BPD features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Not all young people who have experienced childhood abuse and neglect will become depressed or have the same degree of depression. Psychological resilience may probably lead to part of the difference according to previous studies. To observe the association between childhood abuse and neglect and depression and analyze whether psychological resilience has mediating and moderating effects on this association. A cross-sectional sampling with a self-report questionnaire used to measure childhood abuse and neglect, psychological resilience, and depression of college students was conducted in four universities in Hefei City, in October 2018. SPSS PROCESS was used to test the hypotheses of mediating and moderating effects. Among 4034 students, 58.1% were boys and 41.9% were girls, the average age was 20.4 years (SD = 1.4). A positive association between childhood abuse and neglect and depression was found in the population, whereas negative relationships between psychological resilience and depression, and childhood abuse and neglect were observed (r = 0.251, −0.477, and −0.196, respectively, p < 0.001). For the mediating effect of psychological resilience, the 1000-sample bootstrap demonstrated that the indirect effect was statistically significant (β = 0.073, 95% CI: 0.057–0.092). For the moderating effect, R-square increased because the interaction effect was statistically significant (ΔR2 = 0.008, p < 0.001). Our study supported the conclusion of previous studies that psychological resilience mediates and moderates the process of depression. Future research can further reveal the role of psychological resilience by examining different types of childhood abuse and neglect. • We observed that childhood abuse and neglect was positively correlated with depression in college students. • Psychological resilience was negatively correlated with childhood abuse and neglect and depression. • Psychological resilience mediated, also moderated the process of childhood abuse and neglect leading to depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adolescent depression are both prevalent social problems that can increase the risk of several negative health consequences throughout life. The original definition of ACEs misdirects the focus of intervention efforts for ACEs to only family dysfunction and parenting practices. We used a broader definition of ACEs and a latent class analysis (LCA) model to examine ACE patterns, aiming to overcome the shortcomings of cumulative and single adversity approaches based on the special social context of China. The data were derived from a middle school in Huaibei City of Anhui Province in 2019 and 2020, which was a prospective study involving 1687 junior high school students. At the initial evaluation (T1), ACEs, psychological resilience, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms were assessed by the students. At Time 2 (T2), the depressive symptoms of students were assessed. LCA and mediation analyses were conducted with Mplus version 8.2. The LCA identified the following three heterogeneous ACE classes: "low adversity" (36.4%), "moderate adversity" (44.2%), and "high adversity" (19.4%). The mediation analysis showed that the ACE patterns affected depressive symptoms through the following two mediation paths only in the moderate but not in the high adversity class: self-esteem alone and a path combining psychological resilience and self-esteem. Psychological resilience separately did not mediate the association between ACE patterns and depressive symptoms. To reduce depressive symptoms, interventions for students with ACEs need to improve self-esteem through many channels. • Expanding the original definition of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) based on the special social context of China • Identifying ACE patterns with a latent class analysis given the limitations of cumulative and single adversity approaches • Self-esteem is protective against future depressive symptoms in early adolescents with moderate, but not high levels of ACEs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]