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Par la nature de ses missions de sécurité intérieure (incendies, accidents de la route, catastrophes naturelles, etc.), le sapeur-pompier est quotidiennement exposé à la souffrance humaine et aux facteurs de stress. Bien que les études sur l'ESPT des secouristes soient abondantes, la littérature scientifique manque sur la mesure du stress perçu et des stratégies de coping qu'utilisent les sapeurs-pompiers pour faire face à ce stress. 1) Comparer notre échantillon de sapeurs-pompiers par rapport à la population générale concernant le stress perçu et les stratégies d'ajustement face au stress, 2) analyser et comparer ces résultats sur différentes sous-catégories de sapeurs-pompiers : hommes et femmes, statut de volontaire ou de professionnel, grade d'officier ou d'homme du rang, ancienneté de moins d'un an ou de plus de cinq ans. Un lien internet a été transmis à 82 sapeurs-pompiers du département de Seine-et-Marne par leur chef de centre, comprenant un questionnaire sociodémographique ainsi que trois auto-questionnaires mesurant le stress perçu (PSS-10), les stratégies de coping (WCC-R) et la santé générale (GHQ-28). L'anonymat et la confidentialité des données a été respectée. Les sapeurs-pompiers ne sont pas plus stressés que la population générale, mais utilisent moins fréquemment des stratégies de coping centrées sur l'émotion et sur la recherche de soutien social. Par ailleurs les secouristes de sexe féminin se sentent davantage stressées, utilisent plus fréquemment un coping centré sur l'émotion, et obtiennent des indicateurs de santé plus dommageables que leurs collègues masculins. À l'inverse, aucune différence significative n'a été constatée selon le statut, le rang hiérarchique ou l'ancienneté du sapeur-pompier. Bien que la faible proportion d'officiers et de femmes au sein de notre échantillon constitue une limite méthodologique à notre étude, elle permet toutefois d'interroger la santé mentale des femmes dans ce corps de métier. Des recherches futures doivent être effectuées dans ce sens. Due to the nature of their internal security missions (fires, traffic accidents, natural, industrial and technological disasters), firefighters are exposed to human suffering and stress on a daily basis. Although there is an abundance of studies on post-traumatic stress disorder in firefighters, there is a lack of scientific literature on the measurement of perceived stress and coping strategies used by firefighters to deal with these stressful situations. 1) to compare our sample of firefighters to the general population concerning perceived stress, coping strategies, and general somatic and psychological health, 2) to analyze and compare these results on different subcategories of firefighters: male and female, volunteer or professional status, officer or non-commissioned rank, seniority of less than one year or more than five years. An Internet link was sent to 82 fire fighters in the Seine-et-Marne department by their center chief, including a socio-demographic questionnaire as well as three self-administered questionnaires measuring perceived stress (PSS-10), coping strategies (WCC-R), and general health (GHQ-28). The anonymity of the agents and the confidentiality of the data were respected, and a voluntary and informed consent form was signed in advance. Firefighters were no more stressed than the general population, but they used emotion-focused coping strategies and sought out social support services less frequently. On the other hand, female firefighters reported more stress, more frequent use of emotion-focused coping, and had more severe health indicators than their male colleagues. Conversely, no significant differences were found between volunteer and professional firefighters, nor between officers and other hierarchical classes, nor between agents who had been in service for less than one year or for more than five years. Although the low proportion of officers and women in our sample is a methodological limitation to our study, it does allow us to question the mental health of women in this profession. Future research is needed to better understand the psychological reality of women in the corps and to open the debate on the need for feminization of the profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute Coronary Syndrom (SCA) is an acute and serious complication of atherosclerosis and represents a significant risk for mental health. Objective: This study aims to understand the traumatic experience of the SCA and to identify the different ways people react in order to devise an appropriate therapeutic patient educational plan up to rebuil after SCA. Method: Qualitative analysis method from semi-structured interviews with a minimum duration of one hour, made from eleven patients with coronary heart disease. The verbatim have been selected and choice in order to point out themes identification. Results: The study experienced a traumatic multifaceted fact emerges: Initial in the context of a brutal and sudden intrusion of death, then with secondary rupture feelings of security and identity. Force was to see a deficit of taking into account both the trauma patients who hide their weaknesses by caregivers who feel powerless and not legitimate to accompany this traumatic experience.The study of the modus operandi of people for coping shows two paths, nonlinear and random: 1) self-protection and emotional distance-taking, 2) mobilization with rebuilding a new life project for the patient taking into account the risk of recurrence and the new limitations. In order to guide a personal reconstruction process, therapeutic education aims at: 1) an acceptance of the emotional experiences lived often disguised so that the weaknesses are not expose; 2) support in the mobilization process that promotes the ability to regain a sense of self-autonomy despite the new limitations; 3) allowing time to reflect on what has been lost and what remains in order to find a meaning to life and a feeling of wellbeing. Discussion: the study has been limited by the Conclusion: Qualitative analysis method has made it possible to appreciate psychological distress in the traumatic experiences for people suffering from SCA and how they react to cope. This study allows us to better understand how therapeutic patient education should be implemented to provide support for patients in a process of personal reconstruction after an SCA. In the course of the patient, the goal of the ETP is to promote the skills to adapt to the patient and support her journey in the time of assessment. This requires caregivers to get involved in the field of coping skills they invest little patient. Educate, train, support, legitimize caregivers to take this "new role" appears unavoidable [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: Objectif: Sur la base des théories classiques et récentes portant sur le stress et le coping, nous réfléchissons sur l’interaction entre les stratégies d’ajustement dysfonctionnelles, influencées par les mécanismes de défense, et le déclenchement, voire le maintien des troubles du comportement alimentaire (TCA). Patients et méthode: Nous proposons une étude comparative entre patients souffrant d’anorexie mentale, respectivement de boulimie nerveuse (n total=41) et un groupe contrôle d’étudiantes ne présentant pas de TCA, réalisée à l’aide du SVF 120 (Stressverarbeitungsfragebogen, Questionnaire d’ajustement au stress) et du MDBF (Multidimensionales Befindlichkeitsfragebogen, Questionnaire d’état psychologique multidimensionnel). Résultats: La comparaison des moyennes est basée sur des Anovas univariés. Les stratégies d’ajustement associées préférentiellement à l’anorexie, respectivement à la boulimie nerveuse, sont étudiées à travers la régression logistique. L’étude structurale comparée est basée sur l’analyse non linéaire en composantes principales (PRINCALS), réalisée séparément pour chaque sous-groupe. Conclusions: L’analyse des résultats montre que l’affirmation selon laquelle les personnes souffrant de TCA utiliseraient surtout des stratégies de coping centrées sur les émotions est trop catégorique. Les données de l’étude plaident plutôt en faveur d’une approche dimensionnelle de la psychopathologie. L’interaction entre l’évolution des stratégies d’ajustement et le maintien, respectivement l’abandon des conduites pathologiques, devrait être étudiée à travers une étude longitudinale accompagnant la psychothérapie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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