1. Selenium and Sex Steroid Hormones in a U.S. Nationally Representative Sample of Men: A Role for the Link between Selenium and Estradiol in Prostate Carcinogenesis?
- Author
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Van Hemelrijck M, Sollie S, Nelson WG, Yager JD, Kanarek NF, Dobs A, Platz EA, and Rohrmann S
- Subjects
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking adverse effects, Carcinogenesis pathology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Prognosis, Prostatic Neoplasms epidemiology, Prostatic Neoplasms prevention & control, Smoking adverse effects, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Carcinogenesis metabolism, Estradiol blood, Estrogens blood, Gonadal Steroid Hormones blood, Prostatic Neoplasms blood, Selenium blood
- Abstract
Background: Given the recent findings from pooled studies about a potential inverse association between selenium levels and prostate cancer risk, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between serum selenium and serum concentrations of sex steroid hormones including estradiol in a nationally representative sample of U.S. men to investigate one mechanism by which selenium may influence prostate cancer risk., Methods: The study included 1,420 men ages 20 years or older who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1988 and 1994. We calculated age/race-ethnicity-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted geometric mean serum concentrations of total and estimated free testosterone and estradiol, androstanediol glucuronide, and sex hormone binding globulin, and compared them across quartiles of serum selenium., Results: Adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, serum cotinine, household income, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and percent body fat, mean total estradiol [e.g., Q1, 38.00 pg/mL (95% confidence interval (CI), 36.03-40.08) vs. Q4, 35.29 pg/mL (95% CI, 33.53-37.14); P
trend = 0.050] and free estradiol [e.g., Q1, 0.96 pg/mL (95% CI, 0.92-1.01) vs. Q4, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.95); Ptrend = 0.065] concentrations decreased over quartiles of selenium. Stratification by smoking and alcohol consumption, showed that the latter observation was stronger for never smokers ( Pinteraction = 0.073) and those with limited alcohol intake ( Pinteraction = 0.017). No associations were observed for the other sex steroid hormones studied., Conclusions: Our findings suggests that a possible mechanism by which selenium may be protective for prostate cancer is related to estrogen., Impact: Further studies of longitudinal measurements of serum and toenail selenium in relation to serum measurements of sex steroid hormones are needed., (©2018 American Association for Cancer Research.)- Published
- 2019
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