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Purpose. – To report our experience on treatment planning and acute toxicity in 16 patients suffering from clinically localized prostate cancer treated with high-dose intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).Patients and methods. – Between March 2001 and October 2002, 16 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer were treated with IMRT. Treatment planning included an inverse-planning approach, and the desired beam intensity profiles were delivered by dynamic multileaf collimation. All patients received the entire treatment course with IMRT to a prescribed dose of 78 Gy. All IMRT treatment plans were compared with a theoretical conventional three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). Acute lower gastro-intestinal (GI) and genito-urinary (GU) toxicity was evaluated in all patients and graded according to the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0 (CTCAE v. 3.0). A relationship between dose volume and clinical toxicity was evaluated.Results. – Ninety-five percent of the PTV2 received more than 76 Gy using IMRT or 3D-CRT with no difference between both methods. The dose–volume histogram mean obtained for the PTV2 was not different between IMRT and 3D-CRT. IMRT improved homogeneity of the delivered dose to the PTV2 as compared with 3D-CRT (7.5 vs 9%, respectively). Ninety-five percent of the PTV1 received 5 Gy more using IMRT with protection of the bladder and the rectum walls. The benefit was considered below 75 and 70 Gy for the wall of the bladder and the rectum, respectively. Grade 2 GI and GU toxicity was observed in four (25%) and five (31%) patients, respectively. No grade 3 toxicity was observed. There was a trend towards a relationship between the mean rectal dose and acute rectal toxicity but without statistical significant difference (P =0.09).Conclusion. – Dose escalation with IMRT is feasible with no grade 3 or higher acute GI or GU toxicity. Examination of a larger cohort and longer-term follow-up are warranted in the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objectives: We analysed the acute toxicity observed in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) randomised trial 22863 comparing conventional external irradiation with or without an agonist analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in high-risk prostate cancer patients.Methods: Four hundred five patients that received a dose of at least 30 Gy were considered evaluable for acute toxicity assessment. Toxicity was grouped in a few categories: general, genito-urinary, and lower gastro-intestinal. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the World Health Organisation (WHO) toxicity score and grouping together toxicity scores in different bimodal and trimodal groups.Results: Overall, our data show that age, previous surgery and irradiation dose are important predictive factors for acute toxicity, but not the use of combined hormone therapy. Fifteen percent of patients suffered of moderate to severe acute toxicity (WHO G3–G4). Life threatening toxicity was observed in six cases (1.5%).Conclusions: The assessment of toxicity combining in different groups the original five scores scale produced conflicting results similar to those commonly reported in literature. Interpretation of the role of pre-treatment factors with uneven distribution in the study requires careful evaluation. These data obtained with conventional curative irradiation of high-risk prostate cancer patients are proposed for comparison with results achieved using modern state-of-the-art irradiation techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]