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After the 1960s, breeding activities carried out on many crops, including wheat, and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, saw increased criticism of the negative consequences in terms of nutrition, social, and environmental impacts. There is a current re-emphasis upon changing the methods of flour and bread production technologies, and wheat landrace varieties have made a resurgence. Wheat landrace varieties have become widespread and create the demand for their consumption as an alternative to industrial wheat. Producers have come together to form collectives of different structures and seek ways to expand production of wheat landraces. As a result, alternative food consumption communities have become established in which consumers can access wheat landrace products. The factors related to the development of wheat, flour, bulgur, bread, etc. should be put forward to consumers and producers. The fieldwork of this research is based on five community supported food groups formed by consumers in the İzmir province of Turkey, and associations/groups that produce wheat varieties in Çanakkale, Balıkesir and Kars provinces. The aim of the research is to identify common problems that reduce the separation between wheat production and consumption and how to increase the use of wheat landraces and their products by using participatory action research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia Agraria is the property of Historia Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The significance of vegetable production is driven by the need of the population for vitamin products, processing enterprises for raw materials, especially in wartime, in the face of food and environmental hazards, and the need to increase export opportunities, considering international integration processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of war on the economic availability and environmental safety of food, to identify and assess the components and vectors of food and environmental safety management, and to evaluate and promote exports in the context of international economic integration. The study employed the methods of analysis and synthesis, generalisation and specification, mathematical and graphical methods. Sources of information: data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Trade Centre (ITC), and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The study analysed the current state of vegetable production, identified the key problems under the influence of food hazards, environmental factors, and integration processes. The study examined the impact of the war on the economic availability and environmental safety of food, estimated the volume of deficit in vegetable production, identified the principal economic and environmental problems and areas for improving the efficiency of the industry in the future. The volume of the deficit in vegetable production was found and the size of the lost sowing areas was determined; the reasons for the unsatisfactory state of vegetable production were identified. It was established that in recent years the country has experienced a temporary famine, which is unacceptable in the European space. It was found that, to minimise the agri-food crisis and environmental threats, it is necessary to focus on the implementation of the proposed measures to support production efficiency, the implementation of which will allow solving the issues of independence and food security of territorial communities, especially in times of war, and improve the functionality of governing bodies, economic entities, investors, scientists, and producers based on sustainable development. The practicality of the study findings is confirmed by the effectiveness of the developed proposals that can be used in the implementation of measures to increase vegetable production and exports

The presented work touches upon the problem of economic transition to more environmentally friendly types of production and more careful use of resources, which is topical for the world community. The problem of transition from environmentally costly production models to more sustainable ones is reflected in the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 12, titled “responsible consumption and production”. Achievement of this global goal is impossible without state financial support and investment incentives. One of the main financial instruments of stimulation are taxes, which at the national level allow to directly and indirectly influence producers of environmentally friendly products and their transition to new green technologies, as well as consumers. The problem of increasing the impact of taxes pushes for the transformation of taxation and the formation of new incentives. The arsenal of developed and developing countries has a wide range of fiscal instruments and accumulated experience of tax impact on production and consumption, the study of which can be useful in the formation of tax policy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the experience of individual countries and systematize the tools of tax incentives for the transition to more environmentally friendly types of production and rational consumption of resources and justification of promising directions of tax impact. Based on the study of international experience, the authors determine the approaches of countries to the construction of tax incentives for the rational development and use of natural resources, reduction of environmental pollution. They also substantiate the need for tax support for building up scientific and technological potential, sustainable tourism and sustainable public procurement. The next promising direction of research may be the formation of tax instruments to eliminate market imbalances reflected in wasteful consumption of resources, transformation of indirect taxation of consumption, tax support for social projects, tax regulation of energy efficiency.

The aim of the paper was to evaluate the price development of electrical energy and inflation as a commodity in the course of the past 10 years. The production of electrical energy decreased from 83.7 TWh in 2010 to 70.6 TWh in 2020 in the Czech Republic in accordance with the results achieved by using the methods of descriptive statistics, time series, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The consumption of energy slightly increased. The proportion of production to consumption declined and consumption was higher than production in 2020. The prices of electricity reveal oscillations influenced by the conflict in the Ukraine. The use of the sources of energy changed, however, without specific trends. The dependence of prices on inflation is considerable and direct. Energy policy ought to deal with the dependence on import and support the domestic production of energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strategic roadmap for noncarbonized fuels is a global priority, and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is a key focus of the Paris Agreement to mitigate the effects of rising temperatures. In this context, hydrogen is a promising noncarbonized fuel, but the pace of its implementation will depend on the engineering advancements made at each step of its value chain. To accelerate its adoption, various applications of hydrogen across industries, transport, power, and building sectors have been identified, where it can be used as a feedstock, fuel, or energy carrier and storage. However, widespread usage of hydrogen will depend on its political, industrial, and social acceptance. It is essential to carefully assess the hydrogen value chain and compare it with existing solar technologies. The major challenge to widespread adoption of hydrogen is its cost as outlined in the roadmap for hydrogen. It needs to be produced at the levelized cost of hydrogen of less than $2 kg−1 to be competitive with the established process of steam methane reforming. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of each step of the hydrogen value chain, outlining both the current challenges and recent advances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of vegetable production is driven by the need of the population for vitamin products, processing enterprises for raw materials, especially in wartime, in the face of food and environmental hazards, and the need to increase export opportunities, considering international integration processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of war on the economic availability and environmental safety of food, to identify and assess the components and vectors of food and environmental safety management, and to evaluate and promote exports in the context of international economic integration. The study employed the methods of analysis and synthesis, generalisation and specification, mathematical and graphical methods. Sources of information: data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Trade Centre (ITC), and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The study analysed the current state of vegetable production, identified the key problems under the influence of food hazards, environmental factors, and integration processes. The study examined the impact of the war on the economic availability and environmental safety of food, estimated the volume of deficit in vegetable production, identified the principal economic and environmental problems and areas for improving the efficiency of the industry in the future. The volume of the deficit in vegetable production was found and the size of the lost sowing areas was determined; the reasons for the unsatisfactory state of vegetable production were identified. It was established that in recent years the country has experienced a temporary famine, which is unacceptable in the European space. It was found that, to minimise the agri-food crisis and environmental threats, it is necessary to focus on the implementation of the proposed measures to support production efficiency, the implementation of which will allow solving the issues of independence and food security of territorial communities, especially in times of war, and improve the functionality of governing bodies, economic entities, investors, scientists, and producers based on sustainable development. The practicality of the study findings is confirmed by the effectiveness of the developed proposals that can be used in the implementation of measures to increase vegetable production and exports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By examining the econometric interrelationships of rice export prices of India, Thailand, Vietnam, Pakistan, the U.S. Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay, this study examines the most influential rice-exporting countries in the international rice export market. The sampled countries are the source of more than 80% of the global rice exports. In the process, this study relies on online data portals of the United Nations and country-level sources for aromatic and non-aromatic rice export price information from India, Pakistan, and Thailand. This study employed the Prais-Winsten and Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) estimation processes with the error correction procedure. Combining the findings from both models, this study concludes that in terms of interactions, the non-aromatic long-grain rice price of the U.S. and the aromatic rice price of Pakistan are the most correlated prices in the international rice market. Considering the number of countries influenced by the price of a given country, our results indicate that Vietnam is the price leader in the non-aromatic long-grain market, followed by Argentina, Brazil, and India. India, the largest exporter, is the fourth top price leader. In the case of aromatic rice, Thailand is the absolute leader. Many countries in Asia and Africa rely on rice imports to meet domestic demand, where the food security situation is already precarious. Based on the findings, this study suggests closely monitoring rice production and export trends of Vietnam, Argentina, Brazil, India and Thailand to provide early warning when necessary to better manage supply shocks in the international rice market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research included the most important sugars are beet sugar and cane sugar, and edible oils group, which included soybean oil, sunflower oil, maize oil, and hydrogenated oils. The aim of the research was to identify the current situation and the future vision for them. The problem of the research was to determine the amount of production and consumption and predict them, and the average amounted to annual quantities of sugar produced and consumed are about 1.86 and 2.45 thousand tons, and the annual geometric average of the self-sufficiency rate reached 76.91%. It is expected that the total amount of sugar production will reach about 2.98, 3.07, 3.15, and 3.23 million tons in the years 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027. Its total consumption amounts to about 3.93, 4.04, 4.14, and 4.25 million tons for the same years in a row, with a self-sufficiency rate representing about 75.97%, 75.98%, 75.98%, and 75.98% for the same years, respectively. Current status of the most important oils in Egypt, which are soybean oil and rotary oil. Sun, maize oil, frozen oils, and the total amount of oils in Egypt for the period (2000-2021) showed that the geometric average of the selfsufficiency rate is about 40.89%, 13.90%, 32.03%, 111.83%, and 63.48%, respectively, and it was expected for the years (2024 -2027). It is expected that the rate of self-sufficiency in soybean oil will reach about 66.81%, 67.68%, 68.51%, 69.29% in the years 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, sunflower oils are about 2.54%, 2.10%, 1.70%, and 1.31% for the same year, respectively, and maize oils are about 12.41%, 11.09%, 9.82%, 8.58%, and 7.38% for the same year, respectively. Perhaps the oils are heading toward 120.07%, 120.58%, 121.05%, 121.51%, and 121.94% for the same year, respectively. It is expected that the self-sufficiency rate of total oils will reach about 70.31%, 70.51%, 70.70%, 70.88%, and 71.04% for the same years, respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Milk is an important source of protein for many Indian households. However, milk intake is very low. Hence, it is necessary to examine production-consumption linkages of milk within the paradigm of accessibility, availability, and affordability. Objectives: This study examined linkages between milk consumption and production, accounting for sales and factors associated with production investments in rural Bihar, a major milk-producing state of India with very poor nutritional status. Methods: A panel of households from the Gaya and Nalanda districts of Bihar were surveyed: the first round in July and August 2019 (n = 2026 households) and the second round from December 2019 to January 2020 (n = 2001 households). Data were collected on household consumption, production, and sale of milk, as well as other foods. The study examines the consumption-production linkage of milk and the association of dietary diversity with consumption from own production, with households as the unit of analysis. Ordinary least square regression analysis of average monthly household milk consumption was used to identify factors associated with milk consumption, particularly milk production. Results: The median (Quartile 1, Quartile 3) per capita milk consumption per day was 83.3 (41.6, 166.6) mL in the milk-consuming households. Average monthly household milk consumption in liters was higher in milk-producing households [β: 7.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.1, 8.1] than households relying on market purchases. Household milk consumption was higher in the third tertile of milk production than the first tertile of production (β: 14.3 L/wk; 95% CI: 12.1, 17.2) and lower in the highest tertile of household sale quantity (β: -8.8 L/wk in tertile 3, 95% CI: -12.7, -5) than the first tertile of household sale quantity of milk. Conclusions: The study provides evidence that consumption of milk in rural households is associated with own production such that households with higher production consume more. However, sale preferences restrict the quantity of milk consumed in milk-producing households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Lentils that are considered powerhouse of healthy calories are traditionally consumed in different regions of the world. With the increasing awareness regarding lentils' health‐related benefits, it is getting popular among people of all ages. The rising demand also necessitated the increase in global lentil production with Canada grabbing the top rank among the global producers. This review discussed lentil's trade‐related statistics, along with in depth details of various popular cuisines, and consumption patterns observed in Asia, Middle East, Africa, the United States, Canada, Europe, and Mediterranean region. Lentils are added as ingredient in soups, rice cuisines, pasta, flat breads, salads, nuggets, and burger patties and thus carry its name throughout the food menus from appetizers and salads to main course meals.

Copyright of Art Time is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The traditional agricultural system is a cultivation system that has been passed down from generation to generation so that it becomes the local knowledge of farmers in carrying out cultivation activities. Traditional agriculture in Samaulue Village still maintains local wisdom. In the life of the community, there are social values that form local wisdom and have become part of everyday life. Methods: The population in this study were all farmer households in Samaulue Village. The number of research samples was 50 rice farmer households. The method of determining the sample using a simple random sampling. The analytical method used in exploring the potential for local wisdom values in supporting food security is a qualitative descriptive method and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). This research is a qualitative research. Results: There are three forms of local wisdom that were carried out before planting, three during the provision of seeds and the initial planting, and the traditions before harvest and harvest that are still being carried out are two. The dimensions of food security from the aspect of food availability, people rely on the availability of food that comes from their land, buying at local markets or rice selling kiosks or at rice mills in their area; in terms of food access, the main food needs of the families are fulfilled from agricultural products, while for additional food needs and daily needs are available in stalls or shops and kiosks; lastly for the food absorption dimension, the families underwent a pattern of eating three times a day. Conclusion: Local wisdom which refers to local culture in rice farming production activities includes: tudang sipulung, mappalili and mappammula (pre-planting activities), mampo and mappammula mattaneng (seed provision and initial planting activities). The form of local wisdom is preparing food reserves in the household because the tradition of mappatala (eating together), pamali (not allowed) to empty the rice container (pabbarassengeng) in the house and has brought the rice field agro-ecosystem community never experiencing hunger, even though there is a scarcity of rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the competition between gas and electricity companies in Spain and France from 1890 to 1918 for consumer market dominance, examining the various advertising and commercial strategies employed by companies in both sectors. In addition to assessing the development and evolution of the production and consumption of these two forms of energy in each country, the study analyzes a representative sample of promotional materials (posters, print advertisements, brochures, catalogues, etc.) that marketed a range of appliances and consumer goods powered by either gas or electricity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trigeneration plants (TGP) desired for combined production of electricity, heat and refrigeration are highly flexible to follow current loading. But their highest efficiency might be possible only when heat production coincides with its consumption, which is generally impossible in traditional TGP with applying the absorption lithium-bromide chiller (ACh) converting the heat, released from combustion engine in the form of hot water, into refrigeration. Usually, the excessive heat of hot water, not consumed by ACh, is removed to the atmosphere through emergency radiator. However, the well-known methods of TGP efficiency assessment do not consider those heat losses and give the overestimated magnitudes of efficiency for conventional TGP with ACh. The application of booster ejector chiller (ECh), as an example, for utilization of the residual waste heat, remained from ACh and evaluated about 25%, has been proposed to produce supplementary refrigeration for cooling cyclic air of driving combustion engine to increase its electrical efficiency by 3-4 %. In the case of using the supplementary refrigeration for technological or other needs the heat efficiency of TGP will increase to about 0.43 against 0.37 for typical TGP with ACh as example. The new modified criteria to assess a real efficiency of conventional TGP, based on ACh, are proposed which enable to reveal the way of its improvement through minimizing the heat waste. Such combined twostage waste heat recovery system of TGP can be considered as the alternative to the use of back-up gas boiler to pick up the waste heat potential for conversion by ACh to meet increased refrigeration needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract A strategic roadmap for noncarbonized fuels is a global priority, and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is a key focus of the Paris Agreement to mitigate the effects of rising temperatures. In this context, hydrogen is a promising noncarbonized fuel, but the pace of its implementation will depend on the engineering advancements made at each step of its value chain. To accelerate its adoption, various applications of hydrogen across industries, transport, power, and building sectors have been identified, where it can be used as a feedstock, fuel, or energy carrier and storage. However, widespread usage of hydrogen will depend on its political, industrial, and social acceptance. It is essential to carefully assess the hydrogen value chain and compare it with existing solar technologies. The major challenge to widespread adoption of hydrogen is its cost as outlined in the roadmap for hydrogen. It needs to be produced at the levelized cost of hydrogen of less than $2 kg−1 to be competitive with the established process of steam methane reforming. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of each step of the hydrogen value chain, outlining both the current challenges and recent advances.

Well-aligned food policies are needed at both national and international level to guide food system transformation towards sustainability. Rigorous indicator frameworks are essential in order to facilitate discussion of priorities, enable comparisons, assessment and progress monitoring, and ensure accountability. In this study, we develop a national framework for a sustainable food system, using Sweden as a case. Our framework, the Food System Sustainability House, advances the literature on sustainable food system frameworks in three distinct ways. Firstly, it is tailored to a specific national context (Sweden in our case); secondly, it distinguishes between impacts of domestic production arising within territorial boundaries and impacts related to Swedish consumption independent of country of origin; and thirdly, to facilitate policy priorities, it suggests how different dimensions of sustainability are interlinked at a conceptual level. From a scientific perspective, the Food System Sustainability House postulates the interlinkages between the societal objectives of the food system, the environmental foundations on which production takes place, and the economic system and governance which in the framework are suggested to function as enablers for an overall sustainable system. From a policy perspective, the framework provides a much-needed basis for assessing food system sustainability by suggesting indicators within a comprehensive set of sustainability themes at national level for monitoring distinct perspectives. It also provides the necessary basis for a discussion on how sustainability dimensions are interlinked.

Textile and garments production involves a wide range of steps, beginning with the spinning of fibers into yarn, then manufacturing to fabric and finally, adding value-enhancing treatments like washing, dyeing and finishing to the outfits. Frequently, these manufacturing processes contravene the overarching tenets of environmental viability. Compounded by escalating demand for apparel products, manufacturers exhibit diminished enthusiasm for the implementation of ecologically conscientious and sustainable production methodologies. Therefore, the fast swings in fashion trends and the shortening of vogue cycles are major accelerators for the disruption of ecological balance. In more recent times, a profusion of pioneering initiatives and advancements have been instigated to sustainable remedies within the production and consumption paradigms of the contemporary clothing sector. Moreover, sustainable techniques within the apparel sector encompass not just environmentally friendly supply chain control, but also the facilitation of a cost-effective and socially agreeable production setup. Future considerations and developments in sustainability in spinning, fabric production, wet processing, and garment manufacturing are explored in this review article. It delves into environmental issues and the ways in which modern clothing brands promote sustainable technologies and materials.

The article discusses the dairy industry in the Chuvash Republic, Russia. The Russian Federation is experiencing a shortage of milk. Currently, the per capita milk consumption in the country is by more than a quarter behind the rational intake recommended by the Ministry of Health, which is 325 kg. However, the Chuvash Republic boasts 373 kg of per capita milk production, which is by 71% higher than the average data for the rest of the country, and the high quality of Chuvash milk is unanimously confirmed by leading domestic experts. The authors analyzed the success factors of milk production in the Chuvash Republic to be extrapolated on the entire domestic industry. The research relied on such demographic data as the ratio of urban vs. rural population; dairy herd data, e.g., livestock population, farm types, dairy productivity, etc.; dairy production and processing business data. The methods included systematization, generalization, grouping, statistical data processing, and analysis of temporal dynamics indicators. The Chuvash Republic has a large percentage of rural population and a lot of subsidiary dairy farms: 22 000 farms own more than 60% of dairy cows in the region and provide 55% of milk processing volumes. Subsidies allocated by the local government allow farm owners to ensure the high dairy productivity of cows. Most of the milk in the Chuvash Republic can be classified as near-organic. Leading regional milk producers have their own agricultural lands to provide environmentally friendly feed, as well as specialized premises for herd keeping and milking, retail outlets to sell their products, etc. A third of enterprises maintain the milk productivity at 7800–9200 kg, which is as high as in Denmark, the Netherlands, Great Britain, and Germany. Most Chuvash dairy farmers owe their high results to the state support funds allocated for the purchase of breeding cattle. The twelve largest milk producers in the region provide 100% of the output of drinking milk, so private farms mainly focus on meeting the needs of dairy processing enterprises. The latter also receive seasonal subsidies. The Chuvash milk miracle can be explained by the following factors: big rural population; private subsidiary farms; high-quality breeding dairy livestock; high-quality feed; good milk production and processing equipment. However, the comprehensive system of state support measures remains the most important success factor.

The relevance of the work is connected with the status of barite as a critical mineral raw material, as accepted in most industrialized countries. Purpose: to study the dynamics of commodity flows (production, import, export, consumption) of barite throughout the countries, its world prices, sources of barite raw materials and the prospects for its production and consumption. Methods: statistical, graphic, logical. Results. The production of barite raw materials from 0,3 Mt/year in 1920s grew intensively and reached 8.0–9.6 Mt/year in the 2010. Initially, both the mining and processing of barite raw materials industries were located directly in the USA, Germany, Britain, Italy, and France. These countries accounted for over 90% of world production and 80–95% of world consumption. In the 1950s, a sharp increase in the consumption of barite as a weighting agent for drilling fluids began. This led to an increase in its production in large oil and gas producing countries (the USA, the USSR, Mexico, Canada), export flows (from Morocco and other countries), and cessation of exports from Germany, Britain and France. The share of international trade in barite also increased from 0,3–0,5 Mt/year in the 1950s to 4.2–6.0 Mt/year (55–70% of his income) in the 2010s. The cumulative world production of barite between 1920–2020 is expected to be 550 Mt. World barite resources in deposits prepared for exploitation are estimated at 740 Mt. The group of critical countries importing barite raw materials (imports over 50%) represents 38.8% of the GDP of the world economy (USA, European Union, Germany, Italy, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Kuwait, Norway, Oman, Algeria, Malaysia, Indonesia, UAE, Azerbaijan, Argentina). The group of countries exporting barite raw materials includes 31.0% of the GDP of the world economy (India, Morocco, China, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Iran, Laos, Mexico, Pakistan, Bulgaria. A decrease in the criticality of barite raw material supply is possible as a result in reducing consumption (Japan, France, Italy and the Czech Republic), increasing world barite production with the commissioning of new deposits, given the significant prepared resources of this raw material in Iran, Kazakhstan and Pakistan, as well as the search for new barite deposits, including chemogenic marine bottom sediments.

This research aims to study the key productive, economic, and consumption variables that impact the production of fava beans during the period (2000-2021). It also involves comparing the alternative opportunities for fava bean crops with competing crops in the winter season during the period (2019-2021). Additionally, it examines the most important proposals for expanding fava bean cultivation in Egypt. The study includes forecasting to identify the future expectations for the productive and consumption indicators of fava bean crops during the period (2022-2030). It also analyzes the product's price-to-world price ratio and the marketing margin for fava beans during the period (2000-2021. The results indicate that the cultivated area for fava beans reached its maximum of around 334,000 acres in 2001 and its minimum of about 70,000 acres in 2019, which represents a decrease of approximately 264,000 acres, or 78.7% of the maximum, and around 161% of the average, which is 164,000 acres. When comparing the pound return for fava bean crops in Egypt with the main competing crops in the winter season during the period (2019-2021), the results show that the net return for crops such as winter tomatoes, chickpeas, sustainable barley, winter onions, winter garlic, and lentils amounted to 381,237,161,243,224, and 897 Egyptian pounds respectively, as an average during the mentioned period. The expected post-harvest production reached around 309,000 tons, while the projected self-sufficiency rate is expected to be around 44.6.

The animal production sector in Egypt suffers from insufficient availability of concentrated feed to meet nutritional needs. The research aimed to study and analyze the current situation of fodder in Egypt. The results showed that the average amount of green fodder in Egypt amounted to about 56.03 million tons, about 12.66 million tons for dry fodder, and about 7.49 million tons for concentrated feed. The average total feed requirement for digested food compounds and digested protein reached about (15.03, 1.40) million tons during the study period (2007-2021). The results also show that there is a surplus of green and dry fodder, with the percentage of available coverage of fodder needs reaching about 167.96% and 158.10%, while the results showed a deficit in concentrated feed of about 5.83 million tons, with the percentage of available coverage of required needs estimated at about 56.23% during the average period study. It is also clear from the results that if it is possible to use about 50% of the agricultural Waste under study by recycling it into non-traditional fodder, it will result in the manufacture of concentrated feed estimated at about 36.51 thousand tons of straw, about 728.27 thousand tons of Dry Stalks, and about 249.05 thousand tons of rice straw. And about 271.68 thousand tons of sugar beet and peanut, This will result in reducing the deficit in the feed balance by about 56.67% during the average period of the study.

Introduction: This study employs a separable household model to estimate the effect of agricultural subsidies on production and consumption decisions taken by farmhouseholds. The study used data froma household survey using a pre-tested schedule to develop and calibrate an agricultural household model. Method: First, we calculated a price index for the model. The index was higher for non-agricultural commodity groups in all the categories of farm households. Expenditure on non-agricultural commodity groups was more than agricultural commodity groups. Result and Discussion: Results indicated that for the agricultural commodity group, the estimated coefficients of linear expenditure system (LES) model were positive and less than one for all farm household categories except for the wage-price coeffcient which was found to be negative. The estimates of profit function in the study area depict that the variable inputs were negatively related to the profit function and the fixed inputs were positively related to profit. Our study highlights a few crucial points - First, the removal of subsidies will decrease the demand for electricity, concentrate and irrigation by 80, 73 and 70 %, respectively. Second, removing subsidies will not only affect the demand for inputs but will also lead to a decline in the consumption demand for both agricultural and non-agricultural commodities. Third, this effect was found to be more prominent in the small and medium categories of farm households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Journal of Agricultural Sciences (SJAS) is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The sharing economy is established as a new economy in the digital era. Many reviews on the sharing economy avail, but none, to date, has shed enough light to illuminate understanding pertaining to the similar and dissimilar characteristics of consumers and producers in the sharing economy. To address this gap, this paper aims to provide a one-stop, state-of-the-art overview of existing research on the sharing economy through the lens of consumers and producers. To do so, this paper conducts a systematic review of 148 articles on the sharing economy identified through the snowballing technique and organized using the antecedents, decisions, and outcomes (ADO) and theories, contexts, and methods (TCM) frameworks. In doing so, this paper unpacks the trust, personal, economic, social, entrepreneurial, environmental, legal, and technological factors that impact on behavioural performance, loyalty, and impact factors among consumers and producers in the sharing economy. Finally, this paper also reveals the theories, contexts, and methods that avail for sharing economy research, as well as the potentially fruitful directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Private home dining (PHD) is gaining popularity around the world. The PHD is an example of a sharing economy in which guests enter the homes of amateur chefs for a shared experiential meal. This paper explores the social and spatial dimensions of PHD in Singapore from the perspectives of hosts and guests. For the hosts, PHD events mean opening their home to the public and in the process, taking on new roles as cook, guide and cultural ambassador. From the guests' perspective, dining in a novel environment brings new experiences, exposing them to new people, knowledge and skills. A mixed-methods approach comprising mainly interviews and participant observations was adopted in this research. The findings reveal that PHD transforms home spaces yet retains the essence of home; compels members of a household to perform multiple roles simultaneously; facilitates the process of home-making; and encourages guests to actively engage as co-producers of their own cultural and culinary experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy crisis caused by global structural changes in the political and economic sphere is the reason for the change in Russia's energy strategy based on the concept of sustainable development. The presented study is intended to test the hypothesis about the stimulating effect of economic sanctions on the traditional energy sector and is intended to examine the assumption about the implementation in Russia of the concept of the diversification of energy resources in terms of the use of coal fuel using a systematic approach. The object of empirical research is the Russian Federation in comparison with the leading countries in reserves, exports, and imports of coal raw materials in the period 2010–2021. The tools of scientific research used are based on methods of comparative, economic and statistical analysis, and technologies of consensus expert assessments. The integrated methodological approach applied in the study allows us to present the relationship between energy policy and the government's strategy in achieving the goals of sustainable energy production and the transition to transformational models of using traditional energy sources. This article identifies new opportunities for academic research and discussion of the potential of demand management, the dynamics of consumption and production of traditional energy resources based on the use of avant-garde technologies, and the design of scenarios for the implementation of the energy transition, taking into account various options for economic development and geopolitical changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article substantiates scientific and theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the essential understanding of the concepts «brand», «place brand», «regional brand». Attention is focused on the fact that regional branding is a strategic process of creating and managing the image of a certain territory in order to attract attention, investment support and increase the level of competitiveness. The purpose of the study is to unify theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the category «branding of regions» and related concepts with the presentation of one's own vision of their content. It has been noted that the formation and development of branding of agricultural regions is becoming an urgent task in the conditions of the modern world market, where the competition between agro-industrial territories is extremely high. It has been emphasized that the variety of brand definitions allows to get a deeper understanding of its essence and influence on consumers, as well as to determine strategies for its creation and management. Scientific novelty and practical significance outline the generalization and justification of the multifaceted scientific interpretations of the brand considered through the prism of the economic approach, where the brand acts as a business, the instrumental approach with the outline of the brand as management, the behavioral approach, where the brand is argued as an impression or association, as well as the ethically oriented approach, as conscious production and conscious consumption. In the research process, the own vision of the interpretation of the concept of «brand» as a system of qualities of a company or a territory (product or service) that demonstrates a high degree of responsibility and social awareness, meets ethical standards, rejects principles that can harm society or the environment, and interacts with all stakeholders, as well as the concept of «region brand» as a system of territory qualities formed by people representing the region, reflecting its identity, culture, lifestyle and other aspects that attract the attention of consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fruit crops in Libya, including olive, are distinguished by their importance as a source of income for Libyan farmers. Most of them are cash crops with high returns compared to other crops on the farm. Olives are considered one of the main crops in Libya because they contain beneficial nutrients for the body, such as fats and vitamins, and their fruits are eaten fresh after pickling them. Or they are pressed to extract nutrient-rich olive oil. The average production of the olive crop reached about 132.4 thousand tons during the average period (2000-2004), increasing to about 173.7 thousand tons during the period (2017-2021), with an increase of about 31.2% compared to the first period. Despite the increase in total olive production during the previous two periods, productivity per hectare decreased from about 1.28 tons per hectare on average for the period (2000-2004) to about 0.61 tons per hectare on average for the period (2017-2021), with a decrease rate of about 52.3% compared to the first period. So, the interest was studying the factors that led to the fluctuation of hectare productivity from year to other in the study area in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, despite the increase in the area allocated for olive cultivation across Libya, which required studying the production and marketing problems of the olive crop from the point of view of the respondents and the proposed solutions to those problems. . This research mainly aimed to study some of the economic aspects of the olive crop in Libya through economic analysis of the food gap and Libyan food security from olives through studying several sub-objectives, which were: Estimating general temporal trend models for some economic indicators of olives in Libya during the period (2000-2021), studying the most important indicators of Libyan food security for olives, estimating the size of the olive food gap and knowing the most important factors responsible for it, and studying the production and marketing problems facing olive farmers and the solutions proposed from their point of view, through a questionnaire designed for this purpose for a simple random sample of olive farmers in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region in Libya during the year 2022.This research depends on both descriptive and quantitative analysis methods, represented in estimating some trend models for the economic variables under investigation in their linear and semi-logarithmic form in the dependent variable to calculate annual growth rates for those variables. The multiple regression analysis method was also used to find out the most important factors responsible for the size of the olive gap, and some economic indicators were used to measure the impact of factors affecting the Libyan food security factor from olives.The research depends on published secondary data issued by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and primary data from a simple random sample of some olive producers in Al Jabal Akhdar region prepared for the purpose of the study. Some research, scientific theses, and some foreign references related to the research topic were also used, in addition to using the international Internet to obtain information related to the research.It was shown from the results obtained that some of the research variables took a general, statistically significant, upward trend at the usual probability levels of significance (0.05, 0.01), such as national consumption of olives and daily local consumption, and some of them took a general, statistically significant, decreasing trend, such as individual consumption of olives, as well as statistical significance was not found for the variables of local olive production, self-sufficiency rate, and daily consumption coverage period at any of the usual levels of significance, while annual growth rates differed, as is evident from the research.In light of the results revealed by the research, it recommends the following:1- Agricultural methods and crop service operations should be improved, and global experiences in this field should be utilized to raise the productivity levels of fruit-bearing olive trees, vertically expand production levels, and work to provide the necessary facilities to provide refrigerated warehouses near production places to preserve it and reduce the flow of production to markets during the season.2 - The responsible authorities must develop an appropriate marketing mechanism to benefit from the added value of olives.3- Guiding producers to pay attention to olive production processes so that productivity per hectare can be increased.4 - Encouraging farmers and urging them to pay attention to marketing services such as sorting, grading and packing, which work to improve the specifications of the final product so that the olive crop can be marketed at the best prices.5- Increasing investments directed to industrialization by directing part of the appropriations allocated for import operations to increasing the quality of agricultural production.6- The need to pay attention to performing agricultural operations on time in order to increase the productivity of the hectare.7- The need to intensify the efforts of agricultural extension and agricultural research centers, in cooperation with factory engineers, agricultural departments, and agricultural supervisors, to educate farmers about the importance of resisting pests and diseases that affect the crop, and to help them obtain the necessary pesticides that are not harmful to the environment.8- Raising the productive efficiency of the olive crop by disseminating high-yielding varieties that are suitable for each administrative center in Libya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to analyze milk resources availabilities and utilizations in their dynamics in the period 2014- 2021 pointing out the state of production, import, export and availabilities for human consumption in order to assess in what measure food security and efficiency in milk trade are assured. The data provided by National Institute of Statistics were processed using fixed basis index, regression equations, determination coefficient, graphically illustration and comparison method. In 2021 versus 2014, the results reflected that: utilizable internal production declined by 9.3%, accounting for 51,750; availabilities for human consumption remained relatively stable, in 2021 being 48,881 thousand hl (+ 0.53%). The weight of availability of milk for human consumption in utilizable internal milk production increased from 85.21 % to 94.45%. Import reached 12,988 thousand hl, being 2.58 times higher. The share of import in availability for human consumption increased by 16.28 pp, reaching 26.57%. Milk export was by + 57.28% higher attaining 3,152 thousand hl. The share of export in utilizable production went up from 3.51% to 6.09%. Export/import ratio declined from 0.40 in 2014 to 0.24 in 2021, reflecting a negative milk trade balance. Milk consumption per capita reached 255.6 kg in 2021, being by 4.66% higher than in 2014. In 2021, a Romanian could consume in average 721.3 g milk per day compared to 689.1 g in 2014. The self-sufficiency rate decreased from 95% in 2014 to 84.02 % in 2021, due to the decline in utilized internal production. To diminish milk crisis, it is needed to offer more subsidies for sustaining dairy farming and to stop the decline in the number of dairy cows, in milk production and marketed milk and reduce imports. Processors have to offer Euro 0.5 per milk kg to Romanian farmers and not a discriminatory price of Euro 0.2.-03. Imports have to be reduced and export to be encouraged after assuring the market requirements by internal production. In this way, both self-sufficiency rate and the efficiency in milk trade could be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The term "side" has emerged to describe communities on the short-form video app TikTok. But what discursive work does the metaphor of side do to describe online communities? Through a case study with a textual analysis of the culture, technology, interface, and platform vernaculars present in reading fandom TikTok, BookTok, we explore how user practice and app features intertwine to establish sides of TikTok as relational, individualistically positioned, and exclusionary. In the process, we also present a cursory charting of the BookTok community. Unpacking the construction and implications of this metaphor matters because it shows the distinctive and exclusionary work done by the term side, not just across TikTok but within collectives as well. Who TikTok believes to be the typical member of a side has implications for discrimination and exclusion on the app, as it feeds into existing divisiveness in communities and the app's tendency to suppress people of color, LGBTQ individuals, and disabled individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the concept of relational approaches to urban sustainability governance. It highlights the limitations of city-centric localist ontologies in addressing sustainability challenges and argues for a more holistic understanding of cities as nodes of interaction in various spatial processes. The article emphasizes the need to consider multiple scales, territories, networks, and places in urban governance to achieve greener development strategies. It also explores the contradictions and complexities inherent in governing urban sustainability and the importance of interconnections among different places. [Extracted from the article]