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To compare the prevalence and characteristics of hypertension in women experiencing incarceration (WEI) to the general population in Brazil: (1) a prison survey conducted from January 2014 to December 2015 in 15 states, with 1,327 WEI; and (2) a household survey in the 26 states and the Federal District of Brazil administered to women in the general population (WGP). Data analysis used SPSS® version 20.0. The point estimates and the prevalence ratio with their respective confidence intervals were calculated using Poisson regression. Ages in the two populations differed, 27.9% of WGP were over 50, while 7.3% of WEI were. The overall prevalence of arterial hypertension was 31.3% (95% CI: 28.6-34.0) in the WEI and 38.9% (95% CI: 37.8-39.9) for WGP. For individuals under 30, hypertension was found in 22.4% of WEI and 13.4% of WGP. WEI have a higher prevalence of hypertension at an earlier age than the GP. Less education, obesity, using illegal drugs, previous pregnancy, and not using contraceptives were more frequent in this group, revealing the need to implement policies aimed at treating both their hypertension and other health issues in prison.

Background: Brazil has the third largest prison population in the world. In 2016, the female prison population totaled 42,000, an increase of 656% over the population recorded in the early 2000s. The objective of this study was to describe the socialeconomic and reproductive health of women in Brazilian prisons, and the specific assistance received within the prison system., Methods: This is a first of its kind national survey conducted in 15 female prisons in eight Brazilian states between 2014 and 2015. The sample consisted of 1327 women in closed or semi-open prison regimes. Data collection used Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI). STATA v.15. Was use in analysis. The study was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Ceará, under CEP protocol No. 1,024,053., Results: The population was overwhelmingly Black or Brown, poor and little educated. When women worked previously, they had worked as domestic servants and were the sole source of income for their families. Most were mothers, with 39% having children less than 10 years old, now in the care of others. Most were in jail for drug-related crimes. Prisons were crowded, with more than 2/3rds of the inmates sharing a cell with 6 or more inmates. Services were provide, but women had not had a cervical cancer screening within the past 3 years and breast cancer screening was not conducted., Conclusions: Overall, given their backround and prison conditions they are unlikely to change the circumstances that brought them to prison in the first place.

The present study aims to identify the prevalence of physical violence against female prisoners in Brazil, as well as related factors. This is a cross-sectional national survey conducted in 15 female prisons in five regions of Brazil selected in multiple stages. The following types of analysis were performed: univariate analysis; stratified analysis relating the outcome (suffer physical violence inside prison) to predictor variables, using the Pearson chi-square test; calculation of the Odds Ratio (O.R.); and multiple logistic regression. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used for analysis of goodness of fit and adequacy of the model. The prevalence of physical violence inside female prisons was 37.4%. There was a correlation between physical violence victimization in prison and the following variables: physical victimization prior to arrest (p = 0.013), solitary confinement (p = 0.000), mental suffering (p = 0.003), current or previous abusive intake of alcohol (p = 0.011), current or previous injection of cocaine (p = 0.002) and not performing prison labor (p = 0.003). Physical violence has become inherent in the Brazilian female prison system. Continued studies are needed to monitor the situation and to develop  interventions to prevent physical violence inside the facilities.

Objectives: To estimate hypertension prevalence and associated factors among female correctional officers (FCO) in female Brazilian prisons., Methods: Cross-sectional, analytical study conducted in 15 female prisons in all five Brazilian regions between January 2014 and December 2015. The study population consisted of correctional officers with at least 6 months in the position. The sampling included 40% of FCO present in the prison during data collection, yielding 295 FCOs. Data were collected via Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview. A physical examination of participants was conducted including blood pressure, weight, and waist and hip circumference. The Odds Ratio and confidence intervals for independent factors were estimated., Results: Hypertension prevalence in correctional officers was 37.9%, (95% CI 32.1-44.0). Hypertension was associated with obesity (95% CI = 1.884-9.947), cardiovascular disease (95% CI = 3.348-16.724), and participation in the specific training course for the relevant position (95% CI = 1.413-9.564)., Conclusions: While findings, except for the last factor, are not novel, this is the first such study conducted in Brazil. Hypertension prevalence among this pool of all female correctional officers is higher than in the average population, and FCOs associate this with the prison environment. Current training does not appear to address this problem. Especially since prison populations are growing in Brazil, this problem needs to be addressed for the health of the FCOs and the prisoners in their care., (© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Occupational Health published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Japan Society for Occupational Health.)

This article aims to estimate the prevalence and violence-associated factors in the work environment of female correctional officers in Brazil. A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted in 15 female correctional facilities in Brazil's five regions. Pearson's chi-square test was performed. The Odds Ratio and Confidence Intervals were estimated for factors that showed a significant association or were confounding factors. The prevalence of having experienced at least one violent occurrence during professional duty as an officer was 28.4%. An interesting factor is fact that agents themselves are identified as the main suspects of robbery (74.6%), moral violence (68.1%) and sexual harassment (66.8%) against their co-workers. Working in more than one correctional facility increased the chance of suffering from violence (OR = 3.23; CI = 1.51 - 6.9). The main associated factors are: working in temporary detention centers, age of admission to the prison system and low social support among co-workers. Violence in the Brazilian prison environment is of great magnitude and considered a complex phenomenon with multiple causes. To combat this, it is necessary to adopt intersectoral actions, capable of intervening both in the prison environment and in society.

This study aimed to identify the prevalence of women in prisons who have already had an HIV test inside prison and the factors associated with this test. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1327 women in 15 prisons in 9 states in Brazil. Almost 60% (95% CI: 57.8–63.7) of women have already been tested for HIV in prison. The factors associated with this HIV test were age ≥41 years (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.2–2.9), highest level of education (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.3–2.8), having been arrested 3 or more times (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.3–2.8), having received information about HIV/STI in the lifetime (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1–1.9) and perceived themselves to be at no risk for HIV infection (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.2–2.5), black or mixed race (OR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.5–0.9) and having a male sexual partner (OR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.5–0.9). The routine HIV testing in prisons needs to be expanded to promote HIV prevention for a population with limited access to these services outside of prison. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To estimate hypertension prevalence and associated factors among female correctional officers (FCO) in female Brazilian prisons. Methods: Cross‐sectional, analytical study conducted in 15 female prisons in all five Brazilian regions between January 2014 and December 2015. The study population consisted of correctional officers with at least 6 months in the position. The sampling included 40% of FCO present in the prison during data collection, yielding 295 FCOs. Data were collected via Audio Computer‐Assisted Self‐Interview. A physical examination of participants was conducted including blood pressure, weight, and waist and hip circumference. The Odds Ratio and confidence intervals for independent factors were estimated. Results: Hypertension prevalence in correctional officers was 37.9%, (95% CI 32.1‐44.0). Hypertension was associated with obesity (95% CI = 1.884‐9.947), cardiovascular disease (95% CI = 3.348‐16.724), and participation in the specific training course for the relevant position (95% CI = 1.413‐9.564). Conclusions: While findings, except for the last factor, are not novel, this is the first such study conducted in Brazil. Hypertension prevalence among this pool of all female correctional officers is higher than in the average population, and FCOs associate this with the prison environment. Current training does not appear to address this problem. Especially since prison populations are growing in Brazil, this problem needs to be addressed for the health of the FCOs and the prisoners in their care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]