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The objective was to analyse the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus (sowing inoculated and non-inoculated seed) on the microbial biomass of soil, soybean yield and quality under the different levels of mineral nutrients. Investigations conducted on the brown forest soil type in central Šumadija. The addition of phosphorus has affected increasing of bacterial biomass in all variants, with and without inoculation in forming pods phase. Inoculation in harvest phase has affected increasing of bacterial and decreasing of fungal biomass. The highest number and mass of nodules was noticed on variants with phosphorus fertilization (P35 i P70 kg/ha) and in control variant (without fertilization). The nitrogen has affected on decreasing of those two parameters. Significant higher average seed yield was noticed on variant of inoculated seed (for 17,0%) concerning variant with non-inoculated seed (3,41 t/ha). All nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization variants have affected significant yield increasing comparing with control variant. However, the highest yield was noticed in combination of those two nutrients (N100P35 and N100P70 kg/ha), up to 4,0 t/ha seed. Seed inoculation has increased protein content for 2,2% comparing on non-inoculated seed. The nitrogen and phosphorus has affected small, but positive effect on protein content just on non-inoculated variant. The highest increasing was on variant with N100P35 and N100P70 kg/ha (4,5 – 5,7%). In general, seed protein content is indeed small because of bigger amount of rainfall in this year. U ovom radu je prikazan uticaj azota i fosfora, setvom inokulisanog i neinokulisanog semena, na mikrobnu biomasu, prinos i kvalitet soje pri različitim nivoima mineralnih hraniva. Istraživanja su obavljena na zemljištu tipa gajnjača u centralnoj Šumadiji. U fazi obrazovanja mahuna unošenje fosfora je najviše uticalo na povećanje bakterijske biomase u varijantama sa i bez inokulacije. Inokulacija u fazi žetve uticala je na povećanje bakterijske i smanjenje biomase gljiva.Najveći broj i masa kvržica po biljci ostvareni su na varijantama đubrenja fosforom (P35 i P70 kg/ha) i kontrolnoj varijanti (bez đubrenja). Azot je uticao na smanjenje vrednosti ova dva parametra. Ostvaren je značajno veći prosečni prinos semena na varijanti inokulisanog semena (za 17,0%) u odnosu na varijantu bez inokulacije (3,41 t/ha). Sve varijante azota i fosfora dale su značajno povećanje prinosa u odnosu na kontrolu. Ipak, najveći prinos je ostvaren kombinovanom primenom ova dva hraniva (N100P35 i N100P70 kg/ha), preko 4,0 t/ha semena. Inokulacija semena je povećala sadržaj proteina za 2,2% u odnosu na neinokulisano seme. Azot i fosfor su ispoljili mali, ali pozitivan uticaj na sadržaj proteina samo na varijanti bez inokulacije. Najveće povećanje je u varijanti N100P35 i N100P70 (4,5 – 5,7 indeksnih poena). U celini sadržaj proteina u semenu je dosta mali i zbog većih količina padavina u ovoj godini.

The objective was to analyze the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus (by sowing inoculated and non-inoculated seed) on the microbiological activity of soil (number of physiological and systematic groups of microorganisms in the plant root system, but also the number and weight of the nodes formed) and soybean yield. Trials were conducted on the brown forest soil type in central Šumadija. Sowing inoculated seed tended to raise the average soybean yield by 8.6% as well as number of bacteria in the rhizosphereous soil compared to the non-inoculated variant. Node number and weight were the greatest in the control variant (non-fertilized). Grain yield was higher by applying larger nitrogen rates, both individually and in combination with phosphorus (fertilization variants N100P70 and N100P35 kg/ha) with yields ranging from 2.79 to 3.21 t ha-1. In addition, the greatest number of bacteria in the plant root system was found in these variants. In comparison to the control, a positive effect of fertilization on grain yield amounting to 36% was also registered. In 2002, the number and weight of nodes formed on the plant root were substantially greater than in 2003 as a result of favorable humid weather conditions. U ovom radu je prikazan uticaj azota i fosfora, setvom inokulisanog i neinokulisanog semena, na mikrobiološku aktivnost zemljišta (brojnost pojedinih fizioloških i sistematskih grupa mikroorganizama u zoni korenovog sistema biljaka, kao i mase i broja obrazovanih kvržica) i prinos soje. Istraživanja su obavljena na zemljištu tipa gajnjača u centralnoj Šumadiji. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je ostvaren viši prosečni prinos soje za 8,6 % setvom inokulisanog semena i veći ukupni broj bakterija u rizosfernom sloju zemljišta u odnosu na neinokulisanu varijantu. Na kontrolnoj varijanti (bez đubrenja) utvrđen je najveći broj i masa kvržica po biljci, što je logično kada se ima u vidu priroda ove biljke. Viši prinosi zrna ostvareni su primenom veće količine azota, kako pojedinačno, tako i u kombinaciji sa fosforom (varijante đubrenja N100P70 i N100P35 kg/ha), kod kojih se prosečni prinos kretao od 2,79 do 3,21 t/ha. Takođe, na ovim varijantama je uglavnom konstatovan i najveći broj bakterija u zoni korenovog sistema. Pozitivan efekat đubrenja na prinos zrna je iznosio i do 36 %, u odnosu na kontrolu. Broj i masa kvržica na korenu biljaka, kao i prinos zrna, bili si značajno veći u 2002. godini, kao posledica znatno povoljnijih uslova vlažnosti u odnosu na 2003. godinu.

The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of different amounts and proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus but also of seed inoculation on soybean yield and total protein content in the grain. Trials were conducted on two soil types: chernozem (southern Banat) and brown forest (central parts of Sumadija). The soybean cultivar used was Balkan (I maturity group). Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that on average soybean yield was higher on both soil types (by 5.6% and 8.6% on chernozem and brown forest respectively) using inoculated seeds. The highest average grain yield was achieved using 100 kg of nitrogen per ha in combination with 35 and 70 kg of phosphorus per ha (3.48-4.28 t/ha and 2.79-3.21 t/ha on the chernozem and brown forest soil type respectively). The total protein content in the grain was somewhat greater on the chernozem soil type (on average 32.7%) than on the brown forest soil type (30.9%). Seed inoculation was found to raise the protein content on brown forest soil type only (by 1.4%). On both soil types all the nitrogen variants contributed to a greater protein content in the grain compared with the variants with phosphorus and the control variant (non-fertilized). U ovom radu je prikazan uticaj azota i fosfora, primenjenih u različitoj količini i odnosu, kao i inokulacije semena na prinos soje i sadržaj ukupnih proteina u zrnu. Istraživanja su obavljena na dva tipa zemljišta: černozem (južni Banat) i gajnjača (centralna Šumadija). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je na oba tipa zemljišta ostvaren veći prosečan prinos zrna upotrebom inokulisanog semena (za 5,6% na černozemu, tj. za 8,6% na gajnjači). Najveći prosečni prinosi zrna ostvareni su primenom 100 kg/ha N u kombinaciji sa 35 i 70 kg/ha P2O5 (od 3,48 - 4,28 t/ha na černozemu i od 2,79 - 3,21 t/ha na gajnjači). Ostvaren je nešto veći sadržaj ukupnih proteina u zrnu na černozemu (prosečno 32,7%), nego na gajnjači (prosečno 30,9%). Inokulacija semena je povećala sadržaj proteina samo na gajnjači (za 1,4%), dok ovo povećanje nije zabeleženo na černozemu. Na svim varijantama đubrenja azotom i na oba tipa zemljišta, zabeležen je veći sadržaj proteina u zrnu, u odnosu na varijante đubrenja fosforom i varijantu bez đubrenja.