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Introduction Dysfunction of l -arginine/NO endothelial system is one of the factors that contribute to preeclampsia development. The supplementation with l -arginine could be used as treatment and/or prevention for this disorder. Objective To supplement pregnant women with preeclampsia and determine whether endogenous biomarkers can indicate which pregnant women will respond or not supplementation with l -arginine. Patients and methods We analyzed 56 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia, divided into two groups 39 without supplementation and 17 who underwent supplementation with 3 g l -arginine orally for 10 days. Results The concentrations of the inflammation markers IL-6 and CRP were lower at the beginning of the supplementation when compared with the end of supplementation IL-6 (4.08 ± 3.74 vs. 10.67 ± 9.03, P = 0,03); PCR (5.52 ± 2.72 vs. 7.00 ± 3.37, P = 0.04). For other biomarkers analyzed we did not observe significant changes or the comparison between groups (sVCAM: P = 0.74; ADMA: P = 0.76; endoglin: P = 0 28; CD40: P = 0.22 and sFlt-1: P = .35) or between the beginning and the end of supplementation (sVCAM: P = 0.53; ADMA: P = 0.89; endoglin: P = 0.15; CD40: P = 0.53 and sFlt-1: P = 0.55). Conclusion The quantification of biomarkers showed that the participants were not responsive to supplementation with l -arginine since there was no change in the concentration thereof, or in the clinical and laboratory findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]