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Summary: Power systems play a crucial role in people's lives. To ensure the safety of this system, a vulnerability analysis of the power system is carried out to identify the vulnerable nodes in the grid. First, the electrical coupling relation between neighbor nodes is designed according to the equivalent electrical impedance of power transmission lines, and the regional electrical coupling coefficient, which reflects a node's ability to affect its neighbor nodes' operation state, is defined. Then, considering both the level and direction of power flow on power transmission line, the regional interdependency efficiency of the node is presented to improve the regional electrical coupling coefficient mentioned above. To take into account the dynamic propagation of electrical state coupling among nodes in the power system, a coupling tracking rank algorithm is proposed to identify the correlation between the failure of nodes and transient state of the power system. The proposed method is validated using the IEEE 39‐BUS test system. Simulation results demonstrate that the nodes that affect the transient stability of power system most when they fail can be identified effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]